Management of severe and symptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism in the first trimester of unplanned pregnancy.

Summary: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP) is the most common aetiology for hypercalcaemia. The incidence of PHP in pregnant women is reported to be 8/100 000 population/year. It presents a threat to the health of both mother (hyperemesis, nephrolithiasis) and fetus (fetal death, congenital malformations, and neonatal severe hypocalcaemia-induced tetany).

The water penetration of different ventilation tubes.

The insertion of middle ear ventilation tubes remains one of the most common procedures for ENT surgeons. A common concern amongst patients undergoing such procedures is the effect on their ability to partake in swimming and other water sports. Currently there is little evidence comparing the penetration ability of different water solutions encountered by swimmers.

Spectral-Domain OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY of a Macular Fold AFTER Retinal Detachment Repair.

Purpose: We report a case with a dry macular fold after retinal detachment repair using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography images (SD-OCT) to evaluate details of the retinal architecture before and after surgical management.

Methods: A 62-year-old man diagnosed with macula-threatening rhegmatogenous retinal detachment underwent primary vitrectomy with an encircling sclera buckle. On post-operative day 5, he was noted to have developed a juxtafoveal retinal fold.

Audiological implications of earplugs used for the prevention of aural exostoses.

External auditory canal exostoses may be a preventable disease, so it is surprising that the regular use of water precautions is not greater among surfers. One reason for this is the impairment of hearing whilst wearing earplugs. The objective of this study is to establish the hearing impairment of commonly available earplugs used by surfers.

Recurrence of food bolus impaction of the oesophagus: a retrospective observational study.

Background: Most cases of oesophageal food bolus impactions (FB) are one-off events, but recurrence is recognised. The aims of this study are to establish the recurrence rate of food bolus impaction and to identify features associated with recurrence.

Methods: Clinical records of all FB cases were reviewed and the following information was recorded (patient identifier, age, gender, dates of admission, history of oesophageal pathologies).

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo nurse-led follow-up clinic.

Patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) often require multiple appointments for treatment with Epley manoeuvres. Waiting times for medical follow up can be very long. To reduce waiting times and increase availability of ENT outpatients' appointments, a nurse-led dizziness clinic (NLDC) to follow up BPPV patients was established.

The incidence and success of treatment for severe chronic groin pain after open, transabdominal preperitoneal, and totally extraperitoneal hernia repair.

Background: Chronic groin pain (CGP) is a significant cause of postoperative morbidity after inguinal hernia repair. Open, transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP), and totally extraperitoneal (TEP) repair are all commonly performed methods of herniorrhaphy. The aim of this study was to compare the frequency of attendance at a chronic pain clinic (CPC) for CGP after open, TAPP or TEP repair.

Using keywords to predict the need for an audiogram: an analysis of referral letters using logistic regression.

Background: Otolaryngology clinics are often booked without considering the distribution of work for doctors and audiologists. This causes inefficiencies of time and human resources. This may be due to clinics being booked before referrals have been triaged to identify whether a hearing test, known as a pure tone audiogram (PTA), is indicated.

Conservative management of warthin tumour.

Background: Warthin tumour (WT) is usually treated by surgery to establish a histologic diagnosis. Conservative management is considered appropriate for patients with significant comorbidities, making anesthesia high risk. Preoperative fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is useful in diagnosing WT, making conservative management an option.