Validating a Universal Measurement Scale and Standardized, Reproducible Unit for Gross Motor Development.

Objective: To validate a universal measurement scale and unit for gross motor development across multiple instruments.

Design: Retrospective cohorts.

Setting: Community and clinic.

Effect of Preoperative Oral Cannabidiol-Rich Cannabis Extract on Anxiety and Postoperative Pain after Endodontic Treatment: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial.

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of cannabidiol (CBD)-rich Cannabis extract in reducing anxiety and postoperative pain in patients submitted to endodontic treatment.

Methods: The study was carried out after approval by the Research Ethics Committee (Registration No. 5.

Computerized Adaptive Testing for the Berg Balance Scale Improves Measurement Efficiency Without Compromising Precision in People With Stroke.

Objective: The objectives of this study were to confirm the Berg Balance Scale's (BBS) measurement properties and unidimensionality with an item response theory analysis in persons with subacute and chronic stroke and to examine the precision and efficiency of computerized adaptive testing (CAT).

Methods: Data were obtained from 519 ambulatory persons with subacute and chronic stroke in 2 retrospective databases. A principal component analysis (PCA) of residuals was used to evaluate unidimensionality.

Morphological changes of the apical foramen after enlargement: A scoping review of studies.

Background: To outline the current evidence on root morphological changes after enlarging the apical foramen with NiTi instruments.

Material And Methods: A search was performed in the Virtual Health Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct and SciELO databases, in addition to a manual search in Google Scholar, between January 2017 and October 2023. Articles published in English that describe studies investigating root morphological changes after instrumentation 1 mm beyond the major apical foramen were included.

Defining a universal measurement unit and scale for gross motor development.

Introduction: The ability of children to accomplish progressively more difficult gross motor tasks follows a predictable sequence that has been well documented as part of development. Current existing instruments were developed independently using classical test theory methods which led to the lack of a universal measurement scale and unit. The purpose of this study was to test a specification equation, anchored to commonly accepted and reproducible tasks in gross motor development, to generate a universal measurement scale and unit of measurement, called the Gross Motor (GM) unit.

The Functional Balance Ability Measure: A Measure of Balance Across the Spectrum of Functional Mobility in Persons Post-Stroke.

Objective: To determine whether the measurement properties of an instrument that combines items from the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and the Functional Gait Assessment (FGA) called the supports measuring balance across the functional mobility spectrum

Design: Retrospective cohort.

Setting: Item-level data were from an archival research database.

Participants: Ambulatory individuals (N=93, BBS=50 [29-56], FGA=16 [0-30], Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Lower Extremities=27 [14-34], self-selected walking speed=0.

Item-Level Psychometrics of the Neonatal Eating Outcome Assessment in Orally Feeding Infants.

Background: The Neonatal Eating Outcome Assessment determines feeding performance based on the infant's postmenstrual age (PMA).

Objective: To examine item-level measurement properties of this assessment's rating scale.

Methodology: In this retrospective study, Rasch analysis was completed on clinical data from the Neonatal Eating Outcome Assessment for 100 infants (52 preterm and 48 full-term) using Winsteps version 3.

Item Level Psychometrics of the Dizziness Handicap Inventory in Vestibular Migraine and Meniere's Disease.

Objectives: Evaluate the measurement properties of the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) using item response theory in patients diagnosed with vestibular migraine (VM) and Meniere's disease (MD).

Design: One hundred twenty-five patients diagnosed with VM and 169 patients diagnosed with MD by a vestibular neurotologist according to the Bárány Society criteria in two tertiary multidisciplinary vestibular clinics and who completed the DHI at their initial visit, were included in the study. The DHI (total score and individual items) was analyzed using the Rasch Rating Scale model for patients in each subgroup, VM and MD, and as a whole group.

Conditional Minimal Detectable Change for the Cochlear Implant Quality of Life-35 Profile Associated With Improved Functional Abilities 12 Months After Cochlear Implantation.

Importance: It is essential to measure an individual patient's baseline and follow-up abilities to demonstrate changes in clinical outcomes over time. Inherent in this strategy is interpreting whether the measured change is clinically significant and beyond measurement error. Conditional minimal detectable change (cMDC) values are widely used in many disciplines but have rarely been established for outcome measures in otolaryngology or hearing research, and never in cochlear implantation.

Pharmacogenetics of HIV therapy: State of the art in Latin American countries.

The use of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) has resulted in a remarkable reduction in morbidity and mortality of people living with HIV worldwide. Nevertheless, interindividual variations in drug response often impose a challenge to cART effectiveness. Although personalized therapeutic regimens may help overcome incidence of adverse reactions and therapeutic failure attributed to host factors, pharmacogenetic studies are often restricted to a few populations.

Development and Implementation of the Cochlear Implant Quality of Life (CIQOL) Functional Staging System.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to develop and implement a functional staging system using the Cochlear Implant Quality of Life (CIQOL) framework. The CIQOL-35 Profile was developed and validated following a rigorous research design and found to be more comprehensive and psychometrically sound than previous patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) applied to adult CI users. However, interpreting the CIQOL-35 Profile (and all PROMs) relative to real-world functioning remains difficult for patients and clinicians, which limits the capacity of PROMs to direct clinical care.

Patient-Reported Outcome of Functional Cognition for Traumatic Brain Injury: Item-Level Psychometrics.

A patient-reported functional cognition measure that can bridge neuropsychological tests and ecological validity is lacking. The purpose of this study was to present the initial item-level psychometrics of a functional cognition item bank, the Functional Cognition-Patient-Reported Outcome (FC-PRO). Confirmatory factor analysis, Rasch analysis, and convergent validity were conducted to establish item-level psychometrics of the FC-PRO item bank.

Normative Cochlear Implant Quality of Life (CIQOL)-35 Profile and CIQOL-10 Global Scores for Experienced Cochlear Implant Users from a Multi-Institutional Study.

Objective: Although adult cochlear implant (CI) outcomes have primarily focused on speech recognition scores, the rigorous development of a CI-specific patient-reported outcome measure provides an opportunity for a more comprehensive and ecologically valid approach to measure the real-world functional abilities of adult CI users. Here, we report for the first time normative Cochlear Implant Quality of Life (CIQOL)-35 Profile and global scores and variance for a large, multi-institutional sample of adult CI users.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study design.

Repression of HIV-1 reactivation mediated by CRISPR/dCas9-KRAB in lymphoid and myeloid cell models.

Background: Despite antiretroviral treatment efficacy, it does not lead to the complete eradication of HIV infection. Consequently, reactivation of the virus from latently infected cell reservoirs is a major challenge toward cure efforts. Two strategies targeting viral latency are currently under investigation: the "shock and kill" and the "block and lock.

Revisiting the Concept of Minimal Detectable Change for Patient-Reported Outcome Measures.

Interpreting change is a requisite component of clinical decision making for physical therapists. Physical therapists often interpret change using minimal detectable change (MDC) values. Current MDC formulas are informed by classical test theory and calculated with group-level error data.

Examining the Clinical Utility of the Brief Interview for Mental Status.

The Brief Interview for Mental Status (BIMS) is used to identify delirium and needed supports in patients living in skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) and long-term care facilities (LTCFs). We analyzed 3,537,404 patients discharged from acute hospitals to SNFs or LTCFs with factor and Rasch analyses to examine the clinical utility of the BIMS. More than 40% of the sample had maximum scores, indicating a ceiling effect.

Examining Older Adults' Home Functioning Using the American Housing Survey.

Identifying individuals at risk of experiencing functional difficulty at home would support timely home safety assessment and modification services, which could lead to reducing home incidents such as falls. The objective of this study was to calculate older adults’ functional difficulty at home scores using the 12 physical function items in the American Housing Survey National and Metropolitan Data (AHS). Among the 28,474 older adults selected for this study, we used 19,932 for measurement model development and 8542 for model testing.

Effect of novel training to normalize altered finger force direction post-stroke: study protocol for a double-blind randomized controlled trial.

Background: Functional task performance requires proper control of both movement and force generation in three-dimensional space, especially for the hand. Control of force in three dimensions, however, is not explicitly treated in current physical rehabilitation. To address this gap in treatment, we have developed a tool to provide visual feedback on three-dimensional finger force.

Concomitant sensory stimulation during therapy to enhance hand functional recovery post stroke.

Background: Post-stroke hand impairment is prevalent and persistent even after a full course of rehabilitation. Hand diminishes stroke survivors' abilities for activities of daily living and independence. One way to improve treatment efficacy is to augment therapy with peripheral sensory stimulation.

Using Measurement to Highlight Occupational Therapy's Distinct Value.

Traditional measurement approaches in health care focus on group data, virtually ignoring the individual client. To demonstrate the distinct value of occupational therapy, we need a measurement model that focuses on the person and generates outputs to inform daily practice. Traditional methods of establishing norms and predictive validity do not inform the development of interventions and goal setting.

Morphological Study of Root Canals of Maxillary Molars by Cone-Beam Computed Tomography.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the root canal morphology of permanent maxillary molars by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) using the classifications of Weine et al. and Vertucci and to correlate the findings with sex, age, position in the dental arch, and prevalence of a second canal in the mesiobuccal root (MB2). A total of 414 scans were evaluated, corresponding to 1,000 teeth.

Using Measurement to Highlight Occupational Therapy's Distinct Value.

Traditional measurement approaches in health care focus on group data, virtually ignoring the individual client. To demonstrate the distinct value of occupational therapy, we need a measurement model that focuses on the person and generates outputs to inform daily practice. Traditional methods of establishing norms and predictive validity do not inform the development of interventions and goal setting.

Holistic Admissions: Strategies for Increasing Student Diversity in Occupational Therapy, Physical Therapy, and Physician Assistant Studies Programs.

To meet the healthcare needs of diverse populations, universities must implement strategies to recruit health professions students who are racially, ethnically, and culturally similar to the communities they serve. One strategy to increase diversity in the health professions is to implement a holistic admissions process. Inspired by the successful use of holistic admission practices in the College of Medicine at the Medical University of South Carolina, occupational therapy, physical therapy, and physician assistant studies programs implemented holistic reviews in their admissions processes.

Scope of Preparation of Oval and Long-Oval Root Canals: A Review of the Literature.

Successful endodontic treatment depends on cleaning and disinfecting the root canals, in order to provide conditions for three-dimensional filling, which should prevent root canal reinfection. However, anatomical complexities pose a challenge during endodontic treatment. The present study was a literature review carried out in the following databases: PubMed, SciELO, and MEDLINE, which were searched for articles published from 2017 to 2021.

Cyclic Fatigue Resistance of Blue Heat-Treated Instruments at Different Temperatures.

The main aim is to evaluate the cyclic fatigue resistance of blue heat-treated instruments with different kinematics. Twenty-four endodontic instruments of the same brand were used for each of three experimental groups: VB (Vortex Blue 40/0.04), RB (RECIPROC Blue 40/0.