Prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and growth parameters.

Background And Objectives: It has long been known that airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can negatively affect pregnancy and birth outcomes, such as birth weight, fetal development, and placental growth factors. However, similar studies yield divergent results. Our goal was to estimate the amount of monohydroxylated PAH (OH-PAH) metabolites in the urine of pregnant women/mothers and their newborns in relation to birth outcomes, such as placenta weight, Apgar 5', and the growth parameters of children up to the age of two.

Sentinel lymph node mapping in endometrial cancer - robotic vs. laparoscopic detection system.

Objective: Comparison of systems to detect sentinel lymph node in endometrial carcinoma using indocyanine green. Robotic Firefly Da Vinci fluorescence imaging system (Intuitive Surgical Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA) vs.

Assessment of healthy lifestyles in relation to BMI.

Theoretical Basis: A sedentary lifestyle, consumption of inappropriate food, smoking or alcohol consumption can contribute to the overall deterioration of lifestyle and lead to weight gain. Lifestyle includes nutrition, physical activity, sleep, psychological well-being, good relationships or job satisfaction. We can influence some parts of our lifestyle, but we cannot influence many other factors like genetic predisposition or the environment in which we live.

A possible link between cognitive development in 5 years old children and prenatal oxidative stress.

Background: To study the impact of oxidative damage associated with particulate matter< 2.5 µm (PM2.5) during prenatal period on the cognitive development in five years old children.

Cervical tuberculosis in a postmenopausal patient.

Objective: Description of a case of extrapulmonary genital tuberculosis of the uterine cervix in a postmenopausal patient.

Case Report: A 66-year-old patient with a history of metrorrhagia, an ulcerated process in the area of the uterine cervix and vagina, with infiltration of parametria, serosanguinolent discharge and progressive cachectization was admitted to the oncogynecological center of the Hospital of České Budějovice, a.s.

The impact of air pollution to obesity.

Backgroud: Air pollution in ambient air could affect the increase of obesity in children.

Method: Review analyze papers about the effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), fine particles (particulate matter < 2.5 μm, PM2.

The Impact of Cesarean and Vaginal Delivery on Results of Psychological Cognitive Test in 5 Year Old Children.

The impact of cesarean and vaginal delivery on cognitive development was analyzed in 5 year old children. : Two cohorts of 5 year old children born in the years 2013 and 2014 in Karvina (Northern Moravia) and Ceske Budejovice (Southern Bohemia) were studied for their cognitive development related to vaginal ( = 117) and cesarean types of delivery ( = 51). The Bender Visual Motor Gestalt Test (BG test) and the Raven Colored Progressive Matrices (RCPM test) were used as psychological tests.

Effect of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Exposure on Cognitive Development in 5 Years Old Children.

To analyze the impact of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in ambient air at the time of delivery and five years of age on cognitive development in five year old children. Two cohorts of children born in the years 2013 and 2014 from Karvina (Northern Moravia, = 70) and Ceske Budejovice (Southern Bohemia, = 99) were studied at the age of five years for their cognitive development related to the exposure to PAHs, determined in the ambient air as the concentration of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and OH-PAH (hydroxy-PAH) metabolites in urine of the newborns at the time of delivery. As psychological tests, the Bender Visual Motor Gestalt Test (BG test) and the Raven Colored Progressive Matrices (RCPM test) were used.

Prevalence of adverse childhood experiences (ACE) in the Czech Republic.

A cross-sectional survey was undertaken to estimate the prevalence of child maltreatment and adverse childhood experiences in the Czech Republic, as data on these is scarce. The survey was conducted among 1760 randomly selected students from five Czech universities. Participants filled in the adverse childhood experiences survey instrument.

Attachment of family to child with disability.

The development of attachment during the perinatal and/or postnatal periods between a child their mother, father and family as whole can be observed. This attachment provides the child with the safety and security feelings and may provide satisfaction to the mother and other family members. In children with physical and mental developmental disability, attachment may be challenged immediately after birth.

A rare case of ectopic pregnancy - retroperitoneal ectopic pregnancy.

Ectopic pregnancy is a condition when fertilized egg implants outside the uterine cavity. The reported incidence is about 0.5-1% of all pregnancies.

Gene expression profiling in healthy newborns from diverse localities of the Czech Republic.

Prenatal exposure to air pollution is associated with intrauterine growth restriction and low birth weight. Gene expression changes in newborns in relation to air pollution have not been sufficiently studied. We analyzed whole genome expression in cord blood leukocytes of 202 newborns from diverse localities of the Czech Republic, differing among other factors in levels of air pollution: the district of Karvina (characterized by higher concentration of air pollutants) and Ceske Budejovice (lower air pollution levels).

Effect of the DASH-diet and salt Kardisal® on blood pressure in adolescents with prehypertension (Cooperative multicentre interventional study).

Background: In a cooperative multi-center interventional study of 60 probands with prehypertension and normal BMIs were followed for 3 months.

Design: The intervention included the DASH diet for 3 months in 30 probands plus sodium limited intake using the low sodium salt Kardisal® (60% NaCl, 40% KCl) (group A) and the DASH diet for 3 months in 30 probands without Kardisal® (group B).

Results: In group A (n=26 probands evaluated) the systolic blood pressure (median) decreased significantly from 138 to 129 mmHg (p<0.

The impact of air pollution to central nervous system in children and adults.

The aim of this paper was to review studies analyzing the associations between air pollution and neurodevelopment in children as well as the effect on adult population. Effect of prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, benzo[a]pyrene, B[a]P) were already studied on cohorts from New York, Poland, China, and Spain. All results indicate changes of child behavior and neurodevelopment at the age of 3-9 years, decrease of IQ, increase of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), decrease of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), reduction of left hemisphere white matter.

Oxidative stress in newborns by different modes of delivery.

Objectives: The aim of our study is to investigate the impact of the type of delivery - vaginal vs. cesarean section on oxidative damage determined as the lipid peroxidation (15-F2t-isoprostane (15-F2t-IsoP) in the cord blood of newborns and venous blood from mothers in two localities with different levels of air pollution: Ceske Budejovice (CB), a locality with a clean air, and Karvina, a locality with high air pollution.

Resutls: In Karvina, the concentration of PM2.

The impact of air pollution in the Southern Bohemia Region on fetuses and newborns.

Air pollution with increased concentrations of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (c-PAHs, represented by benzo[a]pyrene, B[a]P) affect fetal development, reduce birth weights (LBW) of newborns, and increases intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). The Southern Bohemia Region is believed to be one of the least air polluted regions in the Czech Republic. Monitoring air pollution in the city of České Budějovice from 2011-2015, PM2.

Impact of Air Pollution to Genome of Newborns.

The Northern Moravia Region is the most polluted region in the Czech Republic by particulate matter (PM) and carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (c-PAHs) as benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) by heavy industry and local heating. This specific situation was used to study the impact of air pollution on newborns in the exposed Karviná district and control district of České Budějovice. Biological material from newborns and mothers was collected in summer and winter seasons.

Evaluation of 11 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites in urine of Czech mothers and newborns.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) represent a large group of ubiquitous contaminants of the environment, including food chain where they are released as by-products of incomplete combustion of an organic matter. Epidemiological studies have shown that exposure to PAHs correlated with increased incidence of cancer. Carcinogenicity is associated mainly with metabolites that are formed during metabolic degradation of these substances in exposed organism.

Impact of air pollution on oxidative DNA damage and lipid peroxidation in mothers and their newborns.

Ambient air particulate matter (PM) represents a class of heterogeneous substances that form one component of air pollution. Oxidative stress has been implicated as an important action mechanism for PM on the human organism. Oxidative damage induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) may affect any cellular macromolecule.

Mothers' dilemma - conducting delivery on the limits of the foetus viability. Case Report.

Ethical questions concerning problems of conducting delivery of enormously immature foetuses are subjected to intensive discussion and call for a permanent and wide consideration with the participation of all specialists, who are involved in the problem. The discussions have persisted over tens of years and became intensive particularly at the moment of defining the foetus viability. In the present contribution, the author illustrates the discussion by two selected case reports exemplifying the practical impact of conducting deliveries of enormously immature foetuses on the physician and particularly on the family.

Qualitative analysis of selected literature sources addressing the issue of homelessness.

Objectives: The objective of this article is to answer the main research question, which reads: "How is the issue of homelessness presented in the relevant literature?" Basic terms related to homelessness and homeless people are defined at the beginning of the article. Homelessness is a complex social problem, with many factors contributing to its origin and development that can, in principle, be divided into objective and subjective factors.

Methods: A qualitative research strategy was chosen to address the main research question.

Illegal drug use among female university students in Slovakia.

Background: This study is focused on the issue of illegal drug use among female university students preparing to become teachers. The main aim was to determine the frequency of drug abuse in a group of young women (n=215, mean age 20.44 years).

Subjective Social Status in select Ukrainians, Vietnamese, and Mongolians living in the Czech Republic.

Objectives: This article discusses methods of examining subjective social status (SSS), which is based on the concept of social determinants of health described by Wilkinson and Marmot in 1998.

Methods: SSS research was conducted with Cooperation from the Scientific and Technical Research (COST) program, with financial support from the Czech Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports. This study is part of a project entitled the "Health and Social Status of Immigrants and Asylum Seekers in the Czech Republic" (registration number OC 10031), which was started in 2010 and concluded in May 2011.