The association of overweight, obesity, and long-term obesity with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a meta-analysis of 9 population-based cohorts from the Netherlands Cohorts Consortium.

Background: Obesity may affect an individual's immune response and subsequent risk of infection, such as a SARS-CoV-2 infection. It is less clear whether overweight and long-term obesity also constitute risk factors. We investigated the association between the degree and duration of overweight and obesity and SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Eczema in early childhood increases the risk of allergic multimorbidity.

Background: Eczema in early childhood is associated with the development of subsequent allergic diseases, including food allergy (FA), asthma and hay fever. However, eczema has a heterogenous presentation regarding onset age and persistence, which may lead to different allergic outcomes during childhood/adolescence. Recently, sub-phenotypes of eczema have been suggested as predictors of allergic multimorbidity.

Association Between Low Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin and Increased Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Is Mediated by Increased Visceral and Liver Fat: Results From Observational and Mendelian Randomization Analyses.

The aim of this study was to investigate the associations among sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), liver fat content, and risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). In the Netherlands Epidemiology of Obesity study, 5,690 women (53%) and men (47%) without preexisting diabetes were included and followed for incident T2D. SHBG concentrations were measured in all participants, VAT was measured using MRI, and liver fat content was measured using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in a random subset of 1,822 participants.

A pilot study for the evaluation of 3D anatomy application 'Complete Anatomy' as an additional non-mandatory study tool for the functional anatomy classes of first year physical therapy students.

For this pilot study, the use of the digital 3D anatomy application Complete Anatomy was evaluated as a non-mandatory additional study tool throughout the semester. The aim of the study was to investigate if the Complete Anatomy usage time had an effect on final exam grades and how the app was used post-Covid19. This cross-sectional study asked first year bachelor/freshman university students of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences to fill out a questionnaire to gauge Complete Anatomy usage time, the student's exam results, and how the app was used, for example, in relation to other study tools.

The synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles as binders of D-dopachrome tautomerase (D-DT) for the development of dual-targeting inhibitors.

Despite recent advances in the treatment of cancer, the issue of therapy resistance remains one of the most significant challenges in the field. In this context, signaling molecules, such as cytokines have emerged as promising targets for drug discovery. Examples of cytokines include macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and its closely related analogue D-dopachrome tautomerase (D-DT).

Subclinical dose irradiation triggers human breast cancer migration via mitochondrial reactive oxygen species.

Background: Despite technological advances in radiotherapy, cancer cells at the tumor margin and in diffusive infiltrates can receive subcytotoxic doses of photons. Even if only a minority of cancer cells are concerned, phenotypic consequences could be important considering that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a primary target of radiation and that damage to mtDNA can persist. In turn, mitochondrial dysfunction associated with enhanced mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) production could promote cancer cell migration out of the irradiation field in a natural attempt to escape therapy.

A Phase 1, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Single Ascending Dose Trial of AWZ1066S, an Anti-Wolbachia Candidate Macrofilaricide.

AWZ1066S has been developed as a potential treatment for the neglected tropical diseases lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis. AWZ1066S targets the Wolbachia bacterial endosymbiont present in the causative nematode parasites. This phase 1, first-in-human study aimed to assess the safety and pharmacokinetics of AWZ1066S in healthy human participants.

Correction: Doing what matters in times of stress: No-nonsense meditation and occupational well-being in COVID-19.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Validation of the SQUASH physical activity questionnaire using accelerometry: The NEO study.

Objective: To investigate the construct validity of the SQUASH (Short QUestionnaire to ASsess Health-enhancing physical activity).

Design: This is a cross-sectional analysis using baseline measurements from middle-aged participants in the Netherlands Epidemiology of Obesity (NEO) study. The SQUASH consists of questions on eleven physical activities investigating days per week, average duration per day and intensity, leading to a summed score in Metabolic Equivalent of Task hours (MET h) per week.

Leisure time physical activity is associated with improved diastolic heart function and is partly mediated by unsupervised quantified metabolic health.

Objectives: To investigate the association between leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and MRI-based diastolic function and the mediating role of metabolic health.

Methods: This cross-sectional analysis comprised 901 participants (46% women, mean age (SD): 56 (6) years (The Netherlands, 2008-2012)). LTPA was assessed via questionnaire, quantified in metabolic equivalent of tasks (METs)-minutes per week and participants underwent abdominal and cardiovascular MRI.

Seagrass genomes reveal ancient polyploidy and adaptations to the marine environment.

We present chromosome-level genome assemblies from representative species of three independently evolved seagrass lineages: Posidonia oceanica, Cymodocea nodosa, Thalassia testudinum and Zostera marina. We also include a draft genome of Potamogeton acutifolius, belonging to a freshwater sister lineage to Zosteraceae. All seagrass species share an ancient whole-genome triplication, while additional whole-genome duplications were uncovered for C.

Spleen function is reduced in individuals with NR5A1 variants with or without a difference of sex development: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: NR5A1 is a key regulator of sex differentiation and has been implicated in spleen development through transcription activation of TLX1. Concerns exist about hypo- or asplenism in individuals who have a difference of sex development (DSD) due to an NR5A1 disease-causing variant. We aimed to assess spleen anatomy and function in a clinical cohort of such individuals and in their asymptomatic family member carriers.

Cross-sectional associations between 24-hour movement behaviors and cardiometabolic health among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A comparison according to weight status.

Objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease associated with overweight and obesity. Evidence suggests that 24-hour movement behaviors (24 h-MBs) play a crucial role in cardiometabolic health. However, it is not yet known if 24 h-MBs differ between weight status groups among people with T2DM (PwT2DM) and how 24 h-MBs are associated with their cardiometabolic health.

Doing what matters in times of stress: No-nonsense meditation and occupational well-being in COVID-19.

While the COVID-19 pandemic challenged the general public's health and well-being, it exacerbated the pre-existing well-being issues in the educational sector in many countries. Mindfulness-based interventions are often applied to protect and promote occupational well-being. To investigate how the well-being benefits of these interventions arise, we selected one accessible technique that is used in most of them: focused attention meditation.

Transition to Self-compatibility Associated With Dominant S-allele in a Diploid Siberian Progenitor of Allotetraploid Arabidopsis kamchatica Revealed by Arabidopsis lyrata Genomes.

A transition to selfing can be beneficial when mating partners are scarce, for example, due to ploidy changes or at species range edges. Here, we explain how self-compatibility evolved in diploid Siberian Arabidopsis lyrata, and how it contributed to the establishment of allotetraploid Arabidopsis kamchatica. First, we provide chromosome-level genome assemblies for two self-fertilizing diploid A.

Short-term effects of an elimination diet and healthy diet in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a randomized-controlled trial.

An Elimination Diet (ED) may be effective in reducing symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), but has never been compared to an active control condition [i.e., Healthy Diet (HD)].

Supported education for students with psychiatric disabilities: A systematic review of effectiveness studies from 2009 to 2021.

Objective: For more than a decade, an increase in psychiatric disabilities has been reported worldwide among students in postsecondary education. Supported Education (SEd) interventions support students with psychiatric disabilities to return to or remain in education. As not much is known about the effectiveness of SEd, we conducted a systematic review of the research on the effects of SEd on educational functioning, including study success and student satisfaction.

Inference of Polyploid Origin and Inheritance Mode from Population Genomic Data.

Whole-genome duplications yield varied chromosomal pairing patterns, ranging from strictly bivalent to multivalent, resulting in disomic and polysomic inheritance modes. In the bivalent case, homeologous chromosomes form pairs, where in a multivalent pattern all copies are homologous and are therefore free to pair and recombine. As sufficient sequencing data is more readily available than high-quality cytological assessments of meiotic behavior or population genetic assessment of allelic segregation, especially for non-model organisms, bioinformatics approaches to infer origins and inheritance modes of polyploids using short-read sequencing data are attractive.

Timing of physical activity in relation to liver fat content and insulin resistance.

Aims/hypothesis: We hypothesised that the insulin-sensitising effect of physical activity depends on the timing of the activity. Here, we examined cross-sectional associations of breaks in sedentary time and timing of physical activity with liver fat content and insulin resistance in a Dutch cohort.

Methods: In 775 participants of the Netherlands Epidemiology of Obesity (NEO) study, we assessed sedentary time, breaks in sedentary time and different intensities of physical activity using activity sensors, and liver fat content by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (n=256).