Concentration Endurance Test (d2): Normative data for Spanish-speaking pediatric population.

Objective: To generate normative data for the Concentration Endurance Test (d2) in Spanish-speaking pediatric populations.

Method: The sample consisted of 4,373 healthy children from nine countries in Latin America (Chile, Cuba, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Puerto Rico) and Spain. Each participant was administered the d2 test as part of a larger neuropsychological battery.

Shortened Version of the Token Test: Normative data for Spanish-speaking pediatric population.

Objective: To generate normative data for the Shortened Version of the Token Test in Spanish-speaking pediatric populations.

Method: The sample consisted of 4,373 healthy children from nine countries in Latin America (Chile, Cuba, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Puerto Rico) and Spain. Each participant was administered the Shortened Version of the Token Test as part of a larger neuropsychological battery.

Verbal fluency tests: Normative data for Spanish-speaking pediatric population.

Objective: To generate normative data for the phonological and semantic verbal fluency tests (VFT) in Spanish-speaking pediatric populations.

Method: The sample consisted of 4,373 healthy children from nine countries in Latin America (Chile, Cuba, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Puerto Rico) and Spain. Each participant was administered the VFT as part of a larger neuropsychological battery.

Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-III: Normative data for Spanish-speaking pediatric population.

Objective: To generate normative data for the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-III (PPVT-III) in Spanish-speaking pediatric populations.

Method: The sample consisted of 4,373 healthy children from nine countries in Latin America (Chile, Cuba, Ecuador, Honduras, Guatemala, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Puerto Rico) and Spain. Each participant was administered the PPVT-III as part of a larger neuropsychological battery.

Electrophysiological correlates of decision making impairment in multiple sclerosis.

Although previous studies have shown that patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) may exhibit impaired decision making (DM), the specific neuro-cognitive processes that underlie this deficiency remain unknown. Inefficient DM may occur due to poor option assessment or a deficit in the evaluation of choice outcomes. This study uses, for the first time, the event-related potential (ERP) technique to analyze these DM subprocesses in patients with MS.

Symbol Digit Modalities Test: Normative data for the Latin American Spanish speaking adult population.

Objective: To generate normative data on the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) across 11 countries in Latin America, with country-specific adjustments for gender, age, and education, where appropriate.

Method: The sample consisted of 3,977 healthy adults who were recruited from Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Cuba, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and, Puerto Rico. Each subject was administered the SDMT as part of a larger neuropsychological battery.

Recall strategies for the verbal fluency test in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Unlabelled: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterised by inflammation and demyelination. It generates irreversible myelin changes, which in turn give rise to physical and cognitive disorders. The verbal fluency test (VF) has been shown to be a sensitive tool for detecting cognitive impairment in these patients.

[Neuropsychological evaluation in patients with Parkinson's disease].

Objective: To analyze the neuro-psychological performance of patients with Parkinson's, disease (PD), in comparison with a group of patients with frontal lobe lesions (FLL) and a control group.

Methods: Eighteen patients with PD, 10 patients with FLL and 10 controlls of similar age and scolarity were studied. Neuro-psychological evaluation included tests of the visuospatial, execution, attention and concentration, memory and language areas.