A bispecific antibody-drug conjugate targeting pCAD and CDH17 has antitumor activity and improved tumor-specificity.

P-cadherin (pCAD) and LI-cadherin (CDH17) are cell-surface proteins belonging to the cadherin superfamily that are both highly expressed in colorectal cancer. This co-expression profile presents a novel and attractive opportunity for a dual targeting approach using an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC). In this study, we used a unique avidity-driven screening approach to generate pCAD x CDH17 bispecific antibodies that selectively target cells expressing both antigens over cells expressing only pCAD or only CDH17.

Modifying reaction time tasks parameters in the automated IntelliCage identifies heightened impulsivity and impaired attention in the 3xTg-AD model of Alzheimer's disease.

Background: The 3xTg-AD transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an important tool to investigate the relationship between development of pathological amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau, neuroinflammation, and cognitive impairments. Traditional behavioral tasks assessing aspects of learning and memory, such as mazes requiring spatial navigation, unfortunately suffer from several shortcomings, including the stress of human handling and not probing species-typical behavior. The automated IntelliCage system was developed to circumvent such issues by testing mice in a social environment while measuring multiple aspects of cognition.

Assessing the Benefit of Dietary Choline Supplementation Throughout Adulthood in the Ts65Dn Mouse Model of Down Syndrome.

Background/objectives: Down syndrome (DS) is the most common cause of early-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). Dietary choline has been proposed as a modifiable factor to improve the cognitive and pathological outcomes of AD and DS, especially as many do not reach adequate daily intake levels of choline. While lower circulating choline levels correlate with worse pathological measures in AD patients, choline status and intake in DS is widely understudied.

Effect of exogenous lactoferrin and phosphoglycerate mutase 2 on the cryopreservation of wild ruminant epididymal/ejaculated sperm and testicular tissue.

Spermatozoa collected from the cauda epididymis of wild ruminants are more cryoresistant than are ejaculated spermatozoa. This work examines the effects of lactoferrin (LF) and phosphoglycerate mutase 2 (PGAM2), which are abundant in the epididymal sperm of wild ruminants, as additives in Iberian ibex and mouflon sperm extenders. In addition, LF was added to a vitrification medium to determine whether it also provided protection during the cryopreservation of testicular tissue.

Capacitation of ram spermatozoa promotes changes in energy metabolism and aquaporin 3 and is affected by individual testosterone variations.

Background: Recently, the metabolic pathways involved in energy production and the role of aquaglyceroporins in capacitation-associated events have been studied in humans and mice. However, little is known about these in ram spermatozoa.

Objective: The present study investigated bioenergetic and aquaglyceroporin 3 variations during in vitro capacitation of ram spermatozoa.

A Comprehensive Review of Behavior Change Techniques in Wearables and IoT: Implications for Health and Well-Being.

This research paper delves into the effectiveness and impact of behavior change techniques fostered by information technologies, particularly wearables and Internet of Things (IoT) devices, within the realms of engineering and computer science. By conducting a comprehensive review of the relevant literature sourced from the Scopus database, this study aims to elucidate the mechanisms and strategies employed by these technologies to facilitate behavior change and their potential benefits to individuals and society. Through statistical measurements and related works, our work explores the trends over a span of two decades, from 2000 to 2023, to understand the evolving landscape of behavior change techniques in wearable and IoT technologies.

Spice and Herb Frauds: Types, Incidence, and Detection: The State of the Art.

There is a necessity to protect the quality and authenticity of herbs and spices because of the increase in the fraud and adulteration incidence during the last 30 years. There are several aspects that make herbs and spices quite vulnerable to fraud and adulteration, including their positive and desirable sensorial and health-related properties, the form in which they are sold, which is mostly powdered, and their economic relevance around the world, even in developing countries. For these reasons, sensitive, rapid, and reliable techniques are needed to verify the authenticity of these agri-food products and implement effective adulteration prevention measures.

Reduced gene expression in neocortical and limbic brain regions in female Alzheimer's patients correlates with cognitive and neuropathological phenotypes.

Women have a higher incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD), even after adjusting for increased longevity. Thus, there is an urgent need to identify the molecular networks that underpin the sex-associated risk of AD. Recent efforts have identified as a key regulator of tau phosphorylation signaling pathway is the only gene, to date, that when deleted can cause both tau and Aβ-related pathologies in an age-dependent manner.

Review: Sperm cryopreservation in wild small ruminants: morphometric, endocrine and molecular basis of cryoresistance.

Reproductive technologies can help to protect wild ruminant species from becoming extinct. In addition, the decline in some wild game species has also raised interest in reproductive technologies to increase the number of animals that can be produced. Most biobanking efforts have focused on developing effective protocols for preserving sperm, oocytes, and embryos.

Inflammation and the pathological progression of Alzheimer's disease are associated with low circulating choline levels.

Deficiency of dietary choline, an essential nutrient, is observed worldwide, with ~ 90% of Americans being deficient. Previous work highlights a relationship between decreased choline intake and an increased risk for cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease (AD). The associations between blood circulating choline and the pathological progression in both mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD remain unknown.

Exploring Consumer Perceptions and Changing Consumption Patterns for Smoked Paprika: Implications for Traditional Food Products in Spain.

Changes in the level of income of the population and a reduction in time availability are shifting food consumption from traditional to more convenient food products. The production of traditional food has a significantly positive impact on the territory, as it contributes to preserving cultural traditions and identity and supports rural development and resilience, thus becoming essential for the survival of rural areas. Within traditional food products, spices are among the most usual ingredients in traditional cuisine, extensively used to add flavour and colour to dishes.

Antiviral Evaluation of New Synthetic Bioconjugates Based on GA-Hecate: A New Class of Antivirals Targeting Different Steps of Zika Virus Replication.

Re-emerging arboviruses represent a serious health problem due to their rapid vector-mediated spread, mainly in urban tropical areas. The 2013-2015 Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak in South and Central America has been associated with cases of microcephaly in newborns and Guillain-Barret syndrome. We previously showed that the conjugate gallic acid-Hecate (GA-FALALKALKKALKKLKKALKKAL-CONH)-is an efficient inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus.

Low circulating choline, a modifiable dietary factor, is associated with the pathological progression and metabolome dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease.

Most Americans (∼90%) are deficient in dietary choline, an essential nutrient. Associations between circulating choline and pathological progression in Alzheimer's disease (AD) remain unknown. Here, we examined these associations and performed a metabolomic analysis in blood serum from severe AD, moderate AD, and healthy controls.

DNA integrity and viability of testicular cells from diverse wild species after slow freezing or vitrification.

Introduction And Objective: Cryopreservation of testicular tissues offers new possibilities to protect endangered species, genetically valuable individuals or even the fertility potential of prepubertal individuals who have died unexpectedly. However, the use of this technique still remains a challenge. In this study, slow freezing and vitrification of testicular tissue was investigated to find out which cryopreservation method could better preserve the viability and DNA integrity of testicular germ cells in diverse wild species.

Dietary choline intake is necessary to prevent systems-wide organ pathology and reduce Alzheimer's disease hallmarks.

There is an urgent need to identify modifiable environmental risk factors that reduce the incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The B-like vitamin choline plays key roles in body- and brain-related functions. Choline produced endogenously by the phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase protein in the liver is not sufficient for adequate physiological functions, necessitating daily dietary intake.

Single or repeated immunization against GnRH fails to completely abolish spermatogenesis in dwarf bucks (Capra hircus).

In both captive wildlife and production animals is important to develop strategies for population control. Immunization against GnRH is an easy and inexpensive immunocastration method that reduces the concentration of testosterone and decreases sperm quality. However, its effectiveness depends on the species and repetition of the treatment.

Corrosion Performance and Mechanical Strength in Aluminum 6061 Joints by Pulsed Gas Metal Arc Welding.

In this paper, the analysis of electrochemical corrosion performance and mechanical strength of weld joints of aluminum 6061 in two-heat treatment conditions was performed. The joints were produced by gas metal arc welding in pulsed mode. The original material exhibited precipitates of β and β" phases in a volume fraction (Vf) of 2.

Statistical Study of User Perception of Smart Homes during Vital Signal Monitoring with an Energy-Saving Algorithm.

Sensor networks are deployed in people's homes to make life easier and more comfortable and secure. They might represent an interesting approach for elderly care as well. This work highlights the benefits of a sensor network implemented in the homes of a group of users between 55 and 75 years old, which encompasses a simple home energy optimization algorithm based on user behavior.

Cryopreservation of testicular tissue from the dog (Canis familiaris) and wild boar (Sus scrofa) by slow freezing and vitrification: Differences in cryoresistance according to cell type.

Sperm cryopreservation is the most common procedure used to establish germplasm banks for endangered species - but sometimes sperm cells cannot be obtained. In such cases, freezing testicular tissue may be the only option. The testes contains germ cells at different stages of differentiation, including spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes, secondary spermatocytes, spermatids, and spermatozoa, among which differences in cryoresistance might be expected.