Health impact assessment of urban and transport developments in Barcelona: A case study.

Background: Urban spaces need to be rethought to address growing health and environmental challenges. Urban density and transport systems contribute significantly to air pollution, negatively impacting public health. Barcelona has begun a transformation by introducing the Superblock model, an urban development with proven health benefits.

Achieving Chronic Care Equity by Leveraging the Telehealth Ecosystem (ACCTIVATE): A Multilevel Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol.

Background: Racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in diabetes and hypertension outcomes persist in the United States (U.S.), and worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Ineffectiveness of Transfixing Sutures in Enhancing Weight Loss Following Gastric Plication: A Case Report.

Endoscopic gastric plication is an emerging procedure for obesity management, facilitated by advances in intraluminal suturing technology. However, concerns persist regarding the complete transfixion of sutures and their long-term durability. We present the case of a 28-year-old patient with a BMI of 31 kg/m² who underwent laparoscopic gastric plication using nonabsorbable sutures to ensure complete transfixion under direct visualization.

The Effectiveness of Telemedicine in Hypertension Management of Adults in Rural Communities: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Telemedicine has emerged as an effective approach for managing hypertension, particularly in rural areas where healthcare access is limited. This review evaluates telemedicine's role in providing essential remote healthcare services for hypertension management.

Objective: We determined the effectiveness of telemedicine versus the usual care in hypertension management among adults living in rural settings.

A principles-based community health center for addressing refugee health: the New Canadians Health Centre.

The provision of timely and comprehensive healthcare is a fundamental aspect of resettlement for refugees, who often experience critical unmet health needs. In Canada, this includes connecting refugees with primary care providers to treat acute health conditions, as well as to provide longitudinal and preventative care. However, refugee access to healthcare is often complicated by numerous barriers, such as difficulty navigating health services, financial constraints, language barriers, discrimination, and limited access to physicians.

Peptide Dimerization as a Strategy for the Development of Antileishmanial Compounds.

Leishmaniasis is recognized as a serious public health problem in Brazil and around the world. The limited availability of drugs for treatment, added to the diversity of side effects and the emergence of resistant strains, shows the importance of research focused on the development of new molecules, thus contributing to treatments. Therefore, this work aimed to identify leishmanicidal compounds using a peptide dimerization strategy, as well as to understand their mechanisms of action.

Improving the microbiological diagnosis of fracture-related infection and prosthetic joint infection through culturing sonication fluid in Bactec blood culture bottles.

Background: Sonication of surgically removed implants appears to optimize the microbiological diagnosis in orthopedic implant-associated infections (OIAI). However, reports of infection with negative cultures can still reach high rates. A study evaluating the inoculation of sonication fluid into blood culture bottles (SFBCB) in patients with fracture-related infection (FRI) and prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is necessary.

Fatal Mucormycosis in a Diabetic Patient: A Case Report and Review of Diagnostic Challenges.

Mucormycosis (zygomycosis) is a severe and often fatal mycotic infection affecting primarily immunocompromised individuals. A 61-year-old female with type 2 diabetes mellitus and end-stage renal disease developed septic shock in association with mucormycosis. Despite antifungal treatment with liposomal amphotericin B, the patient's condition rapidly deteriorated, leading to death within 48 hours.

Advances in Cysteine Protease B Inhibitors for Leishmaniasis Treatment.

The expression and release of cysteine proteases by Leishmania spp. and their virulence factors significantly influence the modulation of host immune responses and metabolism, rendering cysteine proteases intriguing targets for drug development. This review article explores the substantial role of cysteine protease B (CPB) in medicinal chemistry from 2001 to 2024, particularly concerning combatting Leishmania parasites.

Disparities in the Cardiometabolic Impact of Adiposity among African American and Hispanic Adolescents.

As adiposity increases in youth, so does the prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs). The etiology of adiposity-based chronic disease and CMRFs includes ethnoracial disparities that are rarely considered in current treatment approaches. Precision interventions require further characterization of these disparities among high-risk youth.

Nutritional composition, fatty acids profile and immunoglobulin G concentrations of mare milk of the Chilean Corralero horse breed.

The objective of the present study was to characterize the nutritional composition, fatty acid profile, and IgG concentration of the milk produced by Chilean Corralero horse (CCH) mares from breeding farms located in southern Chile. Forty-five milk samples were collected from three of the biggest breeding farms (coded as A, B and C) specialized in breeding and selection of CCH in Chile (15 mares sampled per farm). Farms differed in days in milk (DIM).

Seizure emergency code strategy: Improving treatment times and hospital outcomes for patients with urgent epileptic seizures.

Objective: Timely treatment is one of the most relevant prognostic factors in patients with urgent epileptic seizures. Despite the available evidence, treatment times remain suboptimal. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the impact of the "seizure code" in an emergency department, focusing on both treatment times and hospital outcomes of patients with urgent epileptic seizures.

The Need for Culturally Tailored CKD Education in Older Latino Patients and Their Families.

Older Latino adults (aged 65+years) comprise the fastest growing minoritized group among the older population in the United States and experience a disproportionate burden of kidney failure as well as disparities in kidney care compared with non-Hispanic White individuals. Despite significant need and barriers uniquely faced by this population, few educational resources or decision aids are available to meet the language and cultural needs of Latino patients. Decision aids are designed to improve knowledge and empower individuals to engage in shared decision making and have been shown to improve decisional quality and goal-concordant care among older patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Achieving Digestive Autonomy and Gastrointestinal Continuity in a Patient with Short Bowel Syndrome Secondary to Concomitant Jejunal Atresia and Small Intestinal Hirschsprung's Disease.

Concomitant presentation of jejunal atresia and Hirschsprung's disease is rare and places children at high risk for developing short bowel syndrome and parenteral nutrition dependence, which can affect the feasibility/timing of pull-through. A patient was born with jejunal atresia with a delayed diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease. After several procedures and bowel resections, the patient was ultimately left with an end jejunostomy and long Hartman's pouch with short bowel syndrome, dependent on parenteral nutrition.

Contemporary outcomes of acute ischemic stroke in atrial fibrillation patients on anticoagulation.

Background: Long-term anticoagulation (AC) therapy reduces the risk of stroke in patients with Atrial Fibrillation (AF). However, data on the impact of AC on in-hospital stroke outcomes is lacking.

Methods: The National Inpatient Sample was used to identify adult inpatients with AF and a primary diagnosis of ischemic stroke between 2016 and 2020.

Evaluating the Usability and Safety of Virtual Reality Application Combined with the SWalker for Functional Gait Rehabilitation.

This research evaluates from a usability point of view the combination of a developed fully immersive virtual reality (VR) solution with the SWalker robotic device. It aims to contribute to research in the exploration of immersive experiences overground with a functional gait recovery device. We evaluated the system in a pilot study with 20 healthy participants aged 85.

Effects of Passiflora incarnata and Valeriana officinalis in the control of anxiety due to tooth extraction: a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Objective: This study evaluated the efficacy of Valeriana officinalis L. and Passiflora incarnata L. to control anxiety, surgical discomfort, and changes in vital signs of patients undergoing extraction of two unilateral third molars.

Infrared Thermography of Teat in French Dairy Alpine Goats: A Promising Tool to Study Animal-Machine Interaction during Milking but Not to Detect Mastitis.

There is a need to develop tools for mastitis management in goats and to measure the effects of milking machines on teats. Infrared thermography (IRT), as shown in cows, was a good candidate for early mastitis detection and focusing on milking equipment and settings implicated in potential problems. The aim of this study was to test IRT to detect udder inflammation and the effects of mechanical milking on teats in relation to inflammation status, udder balance, and teat shape in Alpine goats.

Clinical inertia in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus among patients attending selected healthcare institutions in Colombia.

Background: The burden of disease of diabetes in Colombia have increased in the last decades. Secondary prevention is crucial for diabetes control. Many patients already treated remain with poor glycemic control and without timely and appropriate treatment intensification.

Perceived neighborhood disorder and type 2 diabetes disparities in Hispanic, Black, and White Americans.

Introduction: Approximately 32 million Americans have type 2 diabetes, and that number continues to grow. Higher prevalence rates are observed among certain subgroups, including members of marginalized racial/ethnic groups as well as residents of disordered neighborhoods (i.e.

A scientometric analysis of fairness in health AI literature.

Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning are central components of today's medical environment. The fairness of AI, i.e.

Stimulus-Elicited Involuntary Cognition: Boundary Conditions and Systematic Effects.

For decades, researchers have been presenting participants with stimuli and instructing the participants not to respond to the stimuli in some way. Today, researchers are studying the effects that such stimuli have, not only on behavior, but on conscious experience. To this end, researchers have used several laboratory tasks, including the reflexive imagery task (RIT).

Ingestion and surgical retrieval of an endodontic file: a case report.

Ingestions and aspirations of foreign bodies are rare, but do occasionally occur during dental treatment. Although reports exist, few include photos demonstrating the extensive surgical intervention that may be necessary to manage such events. Perhaps this lack of visualization, and associated lack of awareness, is one of the reasons some clinicians still provide non-surgical root canal therapy (NSRCT) without a rubber dam.