Outcome after treatment of distal radius fractures in the elderly using the IlluminOss System.

Purpose: Distal radius fractures are very common and account for approximately 17% of all fractures treated. Multiple treatment methods are available to treat these fractures, both operative and nonoperative. This study aimed at evaluating the functional and clinical outcomes after treatment of distal radius fractures with the IlluminOss System in adult patients.

Epidemiology of injuries, treatment (costs) and outcome in burn patients admitted to a hospital with or without dedicated burn centre (Burn-Pro): protocol for a multicentre prospective observational study.

Introduction: The Emergency Management of Severe Burns (EMSB) referral criteria have been implemented for optimal triaging of burn patients. Admission to a burn centre is indicated for patients with severe burns or with specific characteristics like older age or comorbidities. Patients not meeting these criteria can also be treated in a hospital without burn centre.

The Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System in the Treatment of Humerus Fractures: A Prospective Clinical Trial.

Background Fractures of the proximal humerus are among the most common long-bone fractures and present unique challenges to surgeons. Traditional internal fixation methods, such as intramedullary nails, are associated with drawbacks such as an inability to fully fill the trabecular space and a limited ability to utilize supplemental hardware in many cases. We evaluated the safety and effectiveness of a novel fracture fixation device that utilizes a light-cured monomer to stabilize the fracture in a cohort of patients suffering from humerus fractures.

Effective Management of Bone Fractures with the Illuminoss® Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System: Initial Clinical Experience from the European Union Registry.

The IlluminOss system (IS) uses a light-curable polymer contained within an inflatable balloon catheter, forming a patient customized intramedullary implant. A registry was established in Germany and The Netherlands to prospectively collect technical and clinical outcomes in patients treated with IS for fractures of the phalange, metacarpal, radius, ulna, distal radius, fibula, clavicle and/or olecranon. Humeral, femoral, tibial and pelvic fractures were included under compassionate use.

Functional recovery after treatment of extra-articular distal radius fractures in the elderly using the IlluminOss® System (IO-Wrist); a multicenter prospective observational study.

Background: Approximately 17 % of all fractures involve the distal radius. Two-thirds require reduction due to displacement. High redislocation rates and functional disability remain a significant problem after non-operative treatment, with up to 30 % of patients suffering long-term functional restrictions.

The Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System: a minimally invasive, percutaneous intramedullary polymeric osteosynthesis for simple and complex long bone fractures.

The treatment of osteoporotic long bone fractures is difficult due to diminished bone density and compromised biomechanical integrity. The majority of osteoporotic long bone fractures occur in the metaphyseal region, which poses additional problems for surgical repair due to increased intramedullary volume. Treatment with internal fixation using intramedullary nails or plating is associated with poor clinical outcomes in this patient population.

Hip fracture surgery and performance indicators: an analysis of 941 patients operated in a large teaching hospital.

Background: In the Netherlands, two performance indicators for the treatment of hip fracture patients have been recently implemented. Both indicators state that surgery within 24 h after admission improves the outcome with regard to 1-year mortality and the amount of re-operations within 1 year. To determine the value of these performance indicators, we conducted a retrospective analysis of 941 hip fracture patients.

Second generation locked plating of proximal humerus fractures--a prospective multicentre observational study.

Surgical treatment of most displaced proximal humerus fractures is challenging due to osteoporosis. Locking plates are intended to provide superior mechanical stability. In a prospective multicentre study 131 patients were treated with second generation locked plating (NCB-PH, Zimmer, Inc.

Displaced proximal humeral fractures: intramedullary nailing versus conservative treatment.

Introduction: A variety of different treatment options are available for displaced three- or four-part fractures. In a retrospective cohort study we evaluated the results of intramedullary nailing with the ACE nail and conservative treatment of displaced proximal humeral fractures.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-four patients suffered a neer 4, 5 or 6 proximal humeral fracture who were treated with intramedullary nailing.

Bilateral axillary metastases of occult breast carcinoma: report of a case with a review of the literature.

The case of a 47-year-old premenopausal woman is presented in whom axillary lymph node metastases occurred on both sides 3 years apart although no primary tumor was detectable in either breast is presented. An overview of the literature on this rare entity is given. Patients with occult breast carcinoma with axillary lymph node metastases should have a complete physical examination, radiologic analysis (mammography, ultrasonography, and MRI of both breasts) and screening for disseminated disease.

Randomized clinical trial of non-mesh versus mesh repair of primary inguinal hernia.

Background: The optimum method for inguinal hernia repair has not yet been determined. The recurrence rate for non-mesh methods varies between 0.2 and 33 per cent.

Does isoniazid reduce side effects of intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy in superficial bladder cancer? Interim results of European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Protocol 30911.

Purpose: We analyzed the influence of the tuberculostatic agent isoniazid on the incidence and severity of adverse effects of intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) therapy in patients with superficial bladder cancer.

Materials And Methods: In a prospective randomized multicenter study the side effects of intravesical instillations with Tice strain BCG with and without isoniazid were compared in patients with stages pTa and pT1 bladder tumors. Isoniazid was given orally at a dose of 300 mg.

A randomized study of intravesical mitomycin C, bacillus Calmette-Guerin Tice and bacillus Calmette-Guerin RIVM treatment in pTa-pT1 papillary carcinoma and carcinoma in situ of the bladder.

Results of a randomized prospective study are reported in which mitomycin C, Tice bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) and RIVM-BCG were compared in 437 patients with primary or recurrent pTa and pT1 bladder tumors, including carcinoma in situ. The followup (or time in study) varied from 2 to 81 months (mean 36 months). After complete transurethral resection of all visible tumors the patients were treated with 30 mg.

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin in superficial bladder cancer: consensus and controversies.

In this overview, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy in superficial bladder cancer items are discussed on which consensus has been reached and on which controversies exist. The evaluation of the optimal route of administration has shown that intravesical instillation of BCG alone is accepted as the best route of administration. In searching for the appropriate BCG strain, the analysis of the results of 6 substrains has made clear that no particular strain has shown superiority over others.

Effects of isoniazid (INH) on the BCG-induced local immune response after intravesical BCG therapy for superficial bladder cancer.

Because recent investigations showed that the use of isoniazid (INH) severely impaired the local immune reaction to intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) in the bladder of guinea pigs, in this study the effect of INH in man has been investigated. Patients were treated with BCG with or without oral INH. The concentration of free INH in most urine samples of patients treated with BCG/INH was much higher (mean 38.

Effects of sequential intravesical administration of mitomycin C and bacillus Calmette-Guérin on the immune response in the guinea pig bladder.

It has been suggested that intravesical treatment with mitomycin C (MMC) before instillation of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) improves the antitumor activity of BCG in human bladder cancer. Therefore, we studied the immunological effects of sequential intravesical treatment with MMC and BCG in the guinea pig. Four weekly intravesical instillations with MMC preceded six weekly intravesical BCG instillations.

Induction of urinary interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-2, IL-6, and tumour necrosis factor during intravesical immunotherapy with bacillus Calmette-Guérin in superficial bladder cancer.

To study the local immunological effects of intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) therapy in superficial bladder cancer patients, the production of interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-2, IL-6, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), and interferon gamma (IFN gamma) was investigated in the urine. Urine specimens were collected during the six weekly BCG instillations, before instillation, and 2, 4, 6, 8, and 24 h thereafter. Results were standardized to urine creatinine.

Leukocytes in the urine after intravesical BCG treatment for superficial bladder cancer. A flow cytofluorometric analysis.

Cellular immunologic reactions occurring in the bladder after intravesical treatment with bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) were investigated by flow cytofluorometric analysis of leukocytes present in the urine. Urine specimens from 11 superficial bladder cancer patients were collected before and 5, 24, 48 and 72 h after repeated BCG instillations. Monoclonal antibodies specific for granulocytes, monocytes/macrophages, and T-and B-lymphocytes were used to characterize and quantify leukocyte subpopulations.

Presence of activated lymphocytes in the urine of patients with superficial bladder cancer after intravesical immunotherapy with bacillus Calmette-Guérin.

To study the mode of action of intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy in the prevention and cure of superficial bladder cancer, flow-cytofluorometric analysis of the cellular immunological reaction in the urine of patients was performed. Fresh urine-derived leucocytes were obtained from eight patients before (t0) and 24 h (t24) and 48 h (t48) after repeated intravesical BCG instillations (at least 5 instillations). For two patients urine-derived leucocytes were investigated at the first BCG instillation.

Presence of interleukin-2 in urine of superficial bladder cancer patients after intravesical treatment with bacillus Calmette-Guérin.

Urine samples were obtained from patients with superficial bladder cancer after immunotherapy with bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). The patients were repeatedly (once a week for 6 consecutive weeks) treated with intravesical administration of approximately 5 X 10(8) culturable particles of BCG. Some patients received more than six BCG instillations.

Squamous and transitional elements in rat bladder carcinomas induced by N-butyl-N-4-hydroxybutyl-nitrosamine (BBN). A study of cytokeratin expression.

Three hundred rat bladders bearing tumors induced by N-butyl-N-4-(OH)butyl-nitrosamine (BBN) were examined by routine histologic study and immunohistochemical staining of intermediate filament types. Smaller lesions were similar to human urothelial dysplasia histologically and immunohistochemically. Progression of the lesions demonstrated large exophytic papillomas with extensive endophytic epithelial growth into abundant stroma.

In vitro stimulation of lymphocytes by vascular endothelial cells. A study with canine arterial and venous endothelial cells.

Data are presented on the ability of arterial and venous endothelial cells to stimulate allogeneic leukocytes. Mixed cultures of allogeneic endothelium and lymphocytes result in proliferation of lymphocytes and generation of cell-mediated cytotoxicity, which do not occur in cultures of syngeneic combinations of endothelium and lymphocytes. Studies of kinetics showed a peak in proliferation at days 6-7.

Limiting dilution analysis of canine alloantigen-reactive T lymphocytes.

A sensitive limiting dilution assay for the determination of canine cytotoxic T lymphocyte precursors (CTL-P) has been developed. Murine second MLC supernatant as a source of Interleukin 2 (IL 2) was used to expand stimulated CTL-P to numbers that were easily detectable with the classic 51Cr lysis assay. The frequencies of CTL-P that reacted to allogeneic stimulator cells in canine peripheral blood ranged from 1:1000 to 1:2000 lymphocytes.

Analysis of buoyant density of canine peripheral blood leukocytes with PVP-Silica (Percoll) density gradients.

Isolation of canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells with a one step centrifugal separation procedure has not been very successful sofar. Significant contamination with polymorphonuclear cells has been reported. An analysis of the buoyant density of canine peripheral blood leukocytes on a self-generating Percoll gradient showed that the buoyant densities of polymorphonuclear cells and lymphocytes are so near that separation with high purity and yield is not possible with the use of a density gradient.

Lymphocyte stimulation by canine kidney cells.

Lymphocyte stimulation in mixed kidney cell-leukocyte cultures (MKLC) has been investigated in a canine model. Canine kidney cells were obtained by perfusion trypsinization. Cultured kidney cells, which appeared to be of epithelial origin by several criteria, have been used as stimulator cells.