Intra-abdominal hypertension: pulmonary and cerebral complications.

Intra-abdominal hypertension causes many physiologic changes, primarily by reducing thoracic compliance and secondarily causing organ failure, which is the body's normal response to trauma or acute inflammatory response. Compartment syndrome as a cause of abdominal hypertension has adverse effects on the circulation, threatening the function and viability of tissues. Intra-abdominal hypertension with the clinical picture of compartment syndrome is a reperfusion injury that is a cyclic event.

Pathophysiology of abdominal compartment syndrome.

For over a century, raised intra-abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) has been known. The physiology and clinical results of this syndrome produce significant morbidity and quite high mortality rates. Increased intra-abdominal pressure causes progressive hypoperfusion and ischemia of the intestines as well as other peritoneal and retroperitoneal structures, including the pulmonary, cardiovascular, renal, splanchnic, and central nervous systems.

[Laparoscopic colorectal surgery].

Laparoscopy is not a standard approach for colorectal diseases yet. This is due to the technically demanding procedure, the necessary equipment and open questions on cancer surgery. In this paper, short-term results in a small group of patients together with a review of the recent publications are presented.

[Laparoscopic approach to incisional hernia--Carbajo procedure].

Incisional hernia is a common entity and occurs often in patients with previous operations in the abdominal cavity and the abdominal wall. In such patients, surgical therapy is challenging, since the recurrence rate varies between 14 and 50%. New technologies enabled the production of a new biocompatible non-adhesive mesh.

[Postoperative thromboembolic complications and preventive measures].

Modern surgical procedures become very extensive and aggressive in every surgical branch. Due to expressive development of anesthesia techniques with large monitoring systems support is provided to patients for broad spectrum of disorders. Therefore, we need to protect patients from imminent complications, as development of deep venous thrombosis and embolic pulmonary incidents.

A model of dual circulation in liver acini with hypoxia regulated adenosine secretion.

It was postulated by W.W. Lautt that the hepatic artery flow compensation for changes in portal vein flow (the 'hepatic arterial buffer response') is regulated through the portal blood washout of adenosine from the small fluid compartment that surrounds the hepatic arterial resistance vessels.

[Consciousness disorders in patients after carotid artery surgery].

The range of surgical management of the carotid arteries becomes every day wider. The most common cause of carotid arteries disease is atherosclerosis and its consequences for the brain, and more rarely anatomical anomalies. The majority of our patients had cerebral damage prior to the surgical procedure, so we have taken particular care to prevent cerebral perfusion disturbances following the operation.

[Neuropsychologic examination in the evaluation of level of consciousness in patients with a craniocerebral injury associated with multiple injuries].

Today's way of life, with its high level of mechanization and need for speed brings a large number of injuries to the working population. There is usually a wide range of injuries, among which are very often closed head injuries. Until today the whole focus was on the restoration of organic systems and very little attention was given to subtle deficits in the area of cognition and higher intellectual functions.