The Role of Ibuprofen and Midazolam in Pediatric Dentistry: A Retrospective Study and Neurophysiological Considerations.

Managing anxiety and behavior during pediatric dental procedures is challenging. This study examines the effects of combining ibuprofen with midazolam sedation using both behavioral management and clinical hypnosis to improve patient cooperation and reduce post-treatment pain. A retrospective cohort study of 311 children (mean age 74.

Pediatric Sedation in Dutch Dental Clinics: The Influence of Guideline Modifications on Adverse Events.

: Dental fear and uncooperative behavior can hinder dental treatment quality. Pediatric Procedural Sedation and Analgesia (PPSA) is used to facilitate treatment when the coping capacity is exceeded. Out-of-hospital PPSA has been associated with more adverse outcomes compared to when it is used in hospital-based settings.

Integrated data from intravital imaging and HPLC-MS/MS analysis reveal large interspecies differences in AFB metabolism in mice and rats.

Large interspecies differences between rats and mice concerning the hepatotoxicity and carcinogenicity of aflatoxin B (AFB) are known, with mice being more resistant. However, a comprehensive interspecies comparison including subcellular liver tissue compartments has not yet been performed. In this study, we performed spatio-temporal intravital analysis of AFB kinetics in the livers of anesthetized mice and rats.

Comparative metabolism of aflatoxin B in mouse, rat and human primary hepatocytes using HPLC-MS/MS.

Aflatoxin B (AFB) is a highly hepatotoxic and carcinogenic mycotoxin produced by Aspergillus species. The compound is mainly metabolized in the liver and its metabolism varies between species. The present study quantified relevant AFB- metabolites formed by mouse, rat, and human primary hepatocytes after treatment with 1 µM and 10 µM AFB.

Activation of CD8 T Cells in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Lung.

Despite the importance of inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the immune cell landscape in the lung tissue of patients with mild-moderate disease has not been well characterized at the single-cell and molecular level. To define the immune cell landscape in lung tissue from patients with mild-moderate COPD at single-cell resolution. We performed single-cell transcriptomic, proteomic, and T-cell receptor repertoire analyses on lung tissue from patients with mild-moderate COPD ( = 5, Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease I or II), emphysema without airflow obstruction ( = 5), end-stage COPD ( = 2), control ( = 6), or donors ( = 4).

Hypnosis and Sedation for Anxious Children Undergoing Dental Treatment: A Retrospective Practice-Based Longitudinal Study.

To assess whether the treatment of children with oral midazolam and pediatric hypnosis techniques can improve the compliance in consecutive sessions, a retrospective longitudinal practice-based observational study was designed and carried out. A total of 311 children between 3 and 12 years of age were treated under hypnosis and sedation with midazolam (0.40 mg/kg body weight).

Regenerative endodontic therapy: a follow-up of 47 anterior traumatised teeth.

Purpose: To collect long-term survival data in anterior traumatised teeth on the outcome of Regenerative Endodontic Treatments (RET) with a network of dentists working in different clinics to overcome the problem of anecdotical evidence.

Methods: The seven dentists from Paediatric REsearch Project (PREP) performed RET treatments following the same protocol in five different secondary dental care clinics in the Netherlands. Treatment resulting in pain, apical problems, sinus tracts, resorption or fracture were considered as failure of treatment.

Barriers and opportunities to oral health in Dutch-Moroccan children in the Netherlands: a narrative report.

Introduction: Previous studies showed that 5-year-old Dutch-Moroccan children had significantly higher dmft scores compared to Dutch children of the same age, even after correction for socio-economic status. The mechanisms underlying this difference are little understood.

Aim: To explore cultural factors involved in poorer oral health of Dutch-Moroccan children by identifying knowledge, attitudes and behaviour of their mothers concerning their children's oral health.

A study of parental presence/absence technique for child dental behaviour management.

Aim: To examine the effectiveness of parental presence/absence (PPA) technique on the dental behaviour management of children.

Materials And Methods: This randomised control study recruited 61 child dental patients with uncooperative behaviour (Frankl 1 or 2) managed with AAPD-endorsed non-pharmacological techniques at a post-graduate university clinic. PPA was only used in the test group (31 children).

Dental fear and caries in 6-12 year old children in Greece. Determination of dental fear cut-off points.

Aim: To present: the normative data on dental fear and caries status; the dental fear cut-off points of young children in the city of Thessaloniki, Greece.

Methods: Study Design: This is a cross-sectional study with two independent study groups. A first representative sample consisted of 1484 children from 15 primary public schools of Thessaloniki.

Relationship between Child and Parental Dental Anxiety with Child's Psychological Functioning and Behavior during the Administration of Local Anesthesia.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to determine: 1) the relationship between children's psychological functioning, dental anxiety and cooperative behavior before and during local anesthesia, 2) the relationship of parental dental anxiety with all the above child characteristics.

Study Design: There was a convenient sample of 100 children (4-12 years). Child dental anxiety and psychological functioning were measured using the "Children's Fear Survey Schedule" (CFSS-DS) and the "Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire" (SDQ) respectively.

Ethnic Disparities in Dental Caries among Six-Year-Old Children in the Netherlands.

The aim of this study was to investigate potential differences in caries prevalence of children from ethnic minority groups compared to native Dutch children and the influence of socio-economic status (SES) and parent-reported oral health behaviour on this association. The study had a cross-sectional design, embedded in a population-based prospective multi-ethnic cohort study. 4,306 children with information on caries experience, belonging to 7 different ethnic groups, participated in this study.

MicroCT study on the enamel mineral density of primary molars.

Aim: The aim of this study is to report on the mineral density of the enamel of primary molars related to the age of the child and to compare the mineral density of sound and carious enamel in those molars.

Materials And Methods: This study included 23 children and 41 extracted primary molars. The primary molars of 21 children met all of the inclusion criteria, and these were studied and scanned using microCT.

Association between Bone Mass and Dental Hypomineralization.

The aim of this study was to examine the association between the bone mass (bone mineral content [BMC]) and hypomineralized second primary molars (HSPMs)/molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) in 6-y-old children. This cross-sectional study was embedded in the Generation R Study, a population-based prospective cohort study, starting from fetal life until adulthood in Rotterdam, Netherlands. The European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry criteria were used to score the intraoral photographs on the presence or absence of HSPMs and MIH.

Longitudinal Changes in Dental Fear and Coping Behavior in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults With Cleft Lip and/or Cleft Palate.

Objective: To determine changes in dental anxiety levels of cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) children and to explore the role of coping strategies in the development of their dental anxiety.

Design: Prospective study.

Setting: Free University Medical Center Amsterdam.

Blood flow and Bmp signaling control endocardial chamber morphogenesis.

During heart development, the onset of heartbeat and blood flow coincides with a ballooning of the cardiac chambers. Here, we have used the zebrafish as a vertebrate model to characterize chamber ballooning morphogenesis of the endocardium, a specialized population of endothelial cells that line the interior of the heart. By combining functional manipulations, fate mapping studies, and high-resolution imaging, we show that endocardial growth occurs without an influx of external cells.

Pre- and postnatal determinants of deciduous molar hypomineralisation in 6-year-old children. The generation R study.

Background: Deciduous Molar Hypomineralisation (DMH) and Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH) are common developmental disturbances in pediatric dentistry. Their occurrence is related. The same determinants as suggested for MIH are expected for DMH, though somewhat earlier in life.

Child dental anxiety, parental rearing style and dental history reported by parents.

Aim: To examine the relationship between self-reported parental rearing style, parent's assessment of their child's dental anxiety and the dental history of children.

Materials And Methods: Parents of primary school children were asked to complete questionnaires about their parenting style, using four different questionnaires. Parents also completed the Child Fear Survey Schedule Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS) on behalf of their child and a questionnaire about the dental history of their child.

Mineral content in teeth with deciduous molar hypomineralisation (DMH).

Objectives: We report the mineral (hydroxyapatite) density of sound and opaque areas in DMH molars with sound parts of (carious) deciduous teeth serving as controls.

Methods: Twenty-nine extracted second primary molars obtained from 15 children were studied. Thirteen of these molars were DMH molars with yellow opacities, seven were DMH molars with white opacities, three DMH molars with brown opacities and eleven were molars without DMH.

Is maternal use of medicines during pregnancy associated with deciduous molar hypomineralisation in the offspring? A prospective, population-based study.

Background: The effects of maternal use of medicines during pregnancy on tooth development has scarcely been studied; only negative effects of tetracycline on tooth germs are known (irreversible tooth discoloration and enamel hypoplasia).

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether antibacterials and anti-allergic and anti-asthma medicines, being the most frequently used medicines during pregnancy, are associated with deciduous molar hypomineralisation (DMH) and, if so, which specific medicines.

Materials And Methods: To clarify this possible association, the participants of the Generation R Study, a population-based prospective cohort study from fetal life until young adulthood, were studied.

Comparison of two computerised anaesthesia delivery systems: pain and pain-related behaviour in children during a dental injection.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there is a difference in pain and distress response of the child when using two different computer-controlled local analgesic delivery systems, the Sleeper One(®) and the WAND(®), and whether this was influenced by the anxiety level of the child.

Methods: This randomised controlled trial was conducted among 112 children (56 girls) aged 4-6 years (mean age 66 months, SD 9 months). All children needing at least one dental visit using local analgesia were randomly assigned to either the Sleeper One(®) or the WAND(®).

Pain-related behaviour in children: a randomised study during two sequential dental visits.

Aim: To determine the difference in pain- and distress-related behaviour in children between two consecutive dental treatment sessions using a computer-controlled local anaesthetic delivery system, with dental anxiety as co-variable.

Methods: A randomised prospective study over two sequential visits in three paediatric dental practices. For both visits 112 young, healthy children needing dental treatment were randomly assigned to either the use of the Wand(®) or the Sleeper One(®).

Unilateral dampening of Bmp activity by nodal generates cardiac left-right asymmetry.

Signaling by Nodal and Bmp is essential for cardiac laterality. How activities of these pathways translate into left-right asymmetric organ morphogenesis is largely unknown. We show that, in zebrafish, Nodal locally reduces Bmp activity on the left side of the cardiac field.

Child dental anxiety, parental rearing style and referral status of children.

Objective: Treating children can be difficult for both dentist and child. In some cases treatment fails and those children are referred to a specialist paediatric dentist. Different factors can be put forward for referral of children, such as factors relating to the child, dentist and parent.