Systematic Identification of circRNAs in Alzheimer's Disease.

Mammalian circRNAs are covalently closed circular RNAs often generated through backsplicing of precursor linear RNAs. Although their functions are largely unknown, they have been found to influence gene expression at different levels and in a wide range of biological processes. Here, we investigated if some circRNAs may be differentially abundant in Alzheimer's Disease (AD).

Influence of intragastric perfusion of aqueous spice extracts on acid secretion in anesthetized albino rats.

Background: The effect of spices on gastric acid secretion is variable. Their mechanism of action is also not well established.

Aim: To study the effect of spices on gastric acid secretion in anesthetized rats.

Effect of cadmium on the spermatogenesis of Rana hexadactyla Lesson.

A single subcutaneous injection of 0.5 mg cadmium chloride in Amphibian Ringer solution caused a significant decrease in secondary spermatogonial and primary spermatocytic stages in the semineferous tubules of frogs in 7 days. B3 cells of adenohypophysis and the activities of delta 5-3 beta-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase and 17 beta-dehydrogenase in the Leydig cells were significantly increased in the same period.

The management of distal hypospadias with meatal-based, vascularized flaps.

In 63 children distal hypospadias was repaired using a meatal-based, vascularized flap. An acceptable glandular meatus was achieved in 62 children. Complications requiring further operation occurred in 5 children (8 per cent) and all were repaired successfully with only 1 other procedure.

Prenatal diagnosis of fetal urinary tract abnormalities by ultrasound.

The prenatal detection of renal enlargement and sonolucent "cystic" lesions in 4 fetal abdomens by ultrasound is described. These were later proved to be congenital urinary tract anomalies. Only one of the other 4,628 mothers who had ultrasound gave birth to a child with a congenital urinary tract anomaly that was missed, and 1 fetus was falsely diagnosed as having a congenital urinary tract anomaly based on the ultrasound.

Immediate exploration of the unilateral acute scrotum in young male subjects.

Physical exertion, sexual activity or trauma can precipitate cremasteric contraction and result in torsion of a testicle with an underlying congenital anomaly. A high index of suspicion is required by the primary care doctor if acute torsion is to be diagnosed early for immediate reduction. The duration of torsion and the degree of twisting determine the long-term salvage rate of testicular tissue.