Vitamin D, Bone Mineral Density and Serum IGF-1 Level in Non-ambulatory Children With Cerebral Palsy.

Objectives: To compare serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OHD) status, bone mineral density and Insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) level among children with cerebral palsy (CP) aged 1 to 8 years with age- and gender-matched controls.

Methods: A cross-sectional study enrolled 30 children in each group: CP with epilepsy, CP without epilepsy, and healthy controls. Bone mineral density (BMD), serum 25-OHD levels, and serum insulin like growth factor (IGF)-1 levels were measured.

Chemoradiation in locally advanced Ca Cx: Effect on NGAL levels.

Introduction: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) has been reported to be unregulated in many cancers and to suppress tumor suppressor genes like p53 leading to cell proliferation. Studies to report its relationship with carcinoma cervix (Ca Cx) are still scant.

Materials And Methods: Serum NGAL levels were analyzed in 30 patients of histopathologically proven locally advanced Ca Cx at the time of diagnosis and 3 weeks after standard chemoradiation by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Assessment of quality control system by sigma metrics and quality goal index ratio: A roadmap towards preparation for NABL.

Aim: To study sigma metrics and quality goal index ratio (QGI).

Methods: The retrospective study was conducted at the Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory, PGIMS, Rohtak, which recently became a National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration of Laboratories accredited lab as per the International Organization for Standardization 15189:2012 and provides service to a > 1700-bed tertiary care hospital. Data of 16 analytes was extracted over a period of one year from January 2017 to December 2017 for calculation of precision, accuracy, sigma metrics, total error, and QGI.

Chemotherapy: Impact on Anti-Müllerian Hormone Levels in Breast Carcinoma.

Introduction: Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) is a glycoprotein of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family that seems to reflect the continuous non-cyclical growth of small follicles and can be considered an indirect index of the size of the resting primordial follicle pool. Accordingly, AMH represents a marker of Ovarian Reserve (OR) and is particularly useful in demonstrating ovarian tissue damage induced by chemotherapy.

Aim: To evaluate and compare the levels of AMH in Breast Carcinoma patients before and after chemotherapy with age matched healthy controls and to assess whether AMH as a biochemical marker of the OR might improve prediction of chemotherapy related outcomes in these patients.

Evaluation of cord blood ischemia modified albumin in normal pregnancies and pre-eclampsia.

Objective: Pre-eclampsia is associated with ischemia and increased oxidative stress, which may lead to modification of plasma albumin to ischemia modified albumin (IMA).

Methods: IMA levels were estimated in cord blood of 30 newborns born to pre-eclamptic mothers and compared with 30 normal newborns. IMA was estimated colorimetrically and the results were compared statistically.

Immunocontraceptives: How far from reality?

Despite high expectations of safer, effective, economical, longer acting contraceptives, to date, there are no licensed contraceptive vaccines available in the market. Nevertheless, a role for vaccines undoubtedly exists as an aid to birth spacing and as a nonsurgical means of generating sterility. The research concerned in the area so far has been successful on the feline population, with room still for exhaustive studies on humans.

Comparative evaluation of serum fluoride levels in patients with and without chronic abdominal pain.

Background: Fluorosis ranks high among the major environmental health problems in India. Non-ulcer dyspeptic complaints are common in humans and it is a known fact that fluoride in drinking water, food and other items can cause these symptoms.

Methods: Fifty adult outpatients (mean age: 35.

Microalbuminuria and C-reactive protein as a predictor of coronary artery disease in patients of acute chest pain.

Microalbuminuria is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. It is gaining importance as a marker of atherogenic milieu and indicates the target organ damage and can be a valuable tool in screening and identification of patients with cardiovascular disease. Markers of inflammation, such as C-reactive protein (CRP), were found to be related to cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in patients with chest pain.

Glycohemoglobin levels with severity of periodontitis in non-diabetic population.

Background: Periodontal disease is closely related to type 2 diabetes and is an important complication of diabetes. There are few studies about the relationship the glycohemoglobin levels with severity of periodontitis in non-diabetic population. We therefore planned this study to evaluate the glycohemoglobin levels with severity of periodontitis in non-diabetic population.

Antioxidant Enzymes and Lipid Peroxidation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with and without Nephropathy.

Background: Oxidative stress has been considered to be a pathogenic factor of diabetic complications including nephropathy. There are many controversies and limited studies regarding the antioxidant enzymes in diabetic nephropathy.

Aim: This study was to evaluate the levels of antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients with and without nephropathy.

The ominous link between obesity and abdominal adiposity with diabetes and diabetic dyslipidemia in diabetic population of developing country.

Background: Individuals with obesity and abdominal adiposity are at higher risk for hyperinsulinaemia, insulin resistance, and diabetes. This study was, therefore, designed to evaluate the association of both generalized and regional obesity with metabolic variables and biochemical indices.

Methods: 200 confirmed patients of type-2diabetes of either gender were studied.

Decrease in antioxidant status of plasma and erythrocytes from geriatric population.

Background: Ageing is associated with an accumulation of free radical damage, which leads to physiological and clinical modifications. The study aims to find out the status of lipid profile, antioxidant enzymes, malondialdehyde in geriatric population.

Patients/methods: The study was conducted on 150 subjects (75 healthy control between the ages of 20-30 years and 75 elderly subjects between ages of 50-70 years as cases).

Association of insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and thyroid hormones in patients of acute leukemia.

Background: For many years, several studies have demonstrated a relationship between insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), thyroid hormones, and various malignancies. IGF-1 plays an important role in tumor proliferation in various malignancies. The relationship between IGF-1 and thyroid hormones is complex and not fully understood.

Study of changes in antioxidant enzymes status in diabetic post menopausal group of women suffering from cardiovascular complications.

Background: In type 2 diabetic patients, persistence of hyperglycemia has been reported as a cause of increased production of oxygen free radicals (FR), which leads to oxidative stress (OS) and becomes the main factor for predisposition to the cardiovascular complications in diabetes. Diabetic postmenopausal women are prone to cardiovascular disease due to reduced production of estrogen which is a potent antioxidant and prevents oxidative stress (OS) in body. The study is being aimed to find out the status of antioxidant enzymes (AOEs) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in post-menopausal diabetic women.

Diagnostic significance of adenosine deaminase, uric acid and C-reactive protein levels in patients of head and neck carcinoma.

Background: Carcinomas are considered to be associated with increased cellular proliferation under antigenic stimulation and inflammation. Therefore, the markers of increased cellular turnover such as adenosine deaminase and uric acid were estimated quantitatively along with markers of inflammation such as C-reactive protein in squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck region.

Methods: The levels of adenosine deaminase, uric acid, and C-reactive protein were estimated in 50 patients of squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck region before starting any treatment and compared with their corresponding levels in 30 healthy age and gender matched controls.

HbA(1c) levels in cardiovascular diseased patients without diabetes in a developing country.

Background: High levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)) have been associated with Coronary Vascular Diseases (CVD) in diabetic patients. Recent studies have reported no association between elevated glycated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)) and incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) among women without diabetes. There are many controversial studies on topics such as "Glycated hemoglobin levels (HbA(1c)) have been associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the non-diabetic patients".

Cefepime versus ceftazidime as empirical therapy for fever in neutropenic patients with haematological malignancies.

An open randomized comparative study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Cefepime (2 gm iv. 8 hr.) vs.

Plasma tocopherol levels: a preliminary reference range.

Alpha-tocopherol level was measured spectrofluorometrically in 279 healthy volunteers to establish reliable reference values and to compare possible sex and age-related differences. In the present study, men had higher tocopherol levels than women (p<0.05) and older subjects had lower values.

Plasma lipoperoxides: a preliminary reference range.

We measured lipoperoxides, as malonaldehyde (MDA) by thiobarbituric acid reaction in serum from 80 male and 120 female volunteers to establish reliable reference values and to compare possible sex- and age- related differences. In the present study women had higher MDA concentration in serum than do men (p<0.05) and older subjects had higher values (p<0.

Adenosine-deaminase (ADA) activity in Psoriasis (A Preliminary Study).

Study of adenosine-deaminase activity 'in 23 patients hav-mg psoriasis compared with an equal number of healthy controls revealed significantly high ADA-activity in the psotiatic patients.