Automated and ImageJ thresholding algorithm-based analysis of macular vessel density in diabetic patients.

Purpose: To assess the macular vessel density (VD) on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) using proprietary software (automated) and image processing software (manual) in diabetic patients.

Methods: In a retrospective study, OCT-A images (Triton, TOPCON Inc.) of type 2 diabetics presenting to a tertiary eye care center in North India between January 2018 and December 2019 with or without nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and with no macular edema were analyzed.

Long-term perimetric stabilization with a management algorithm of set target intraocular pressure in different severities of primary angle-closure glaucoma.

Purpose: To evaluate long-term perimetric stabilization at set Target (IOPs) in primary angle-closure glaucoma with visual field defects.

Methods: Two hundred forty-eight eyes, of 124 primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) patients on medical treatment, and 124 eyes, of 95 patients after trabeculectomy performed at least 5 years prior were evaluated. One hundred eighty-five eyes had a follow-up of ≥10 years.

Physiological and metabolic changes in two Himalayan medicinal herbs under drought, heat and combined stresses.

Unlabelled: Jones and Ham-ex-Smith are important medicinal herbs of the Himalayan region, which are highly demanded by pharmaceutical industries. Climatic variability especially increasing temperature and water deficit affects the growth and productivity of these species. In addition, increased temperature and water deficit may trigger the biosynthesis of medicinally important bioactive metabolites, which influence the quality of raw plant material and finished products.

Evaluating target intraocular pressures in primary congenital glaucoma.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term intraocular pressures that provide stabilization/reversal of glaucomatous neuropathy after surgery in primary congenital glaucoma (PCG).

Methods: Prospective evaluation of consecutive PCG patients who underwent trabeculectomy-trabeculotomy and followed up for ≥2 years. Records of regularly performed examination under anesthesia were maintained to ascertain intraocular pressure, (IOP), fundus, refraction and corneal diameter.

Seasonal trends in morpho-physiological attributes and bioactive content of Jones under full sunlight and shade conditions.

Unlabelled: Jones an important medicinal herb of the Himalayan region, is an essential source of many therapeutic compounds and is traded/consumed in very high volume. The hypothesis of this study was that different seasons and light conditions may affect the content of medicinally valuable components with changes in the morpho-physiological attributes of the plant. Growing plants under suitable light conditions and harvesting of appropriate plant parts in optimum season is crucial for harnessing the full potential of the crop.

Achieving low target intraocular pressures in severe glaucoma.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess details of therapy required to achieve an intraocular pressure (IOP) of ⩽12 mmHg in patients with severe glaucoma of different etiologies.

Methods: Patients with a follow-up of at least 1 year, who fulfilled inclusion criteria were selected, and data analyzed with respect to baseline IOP, number of medications, and/or surgeries required to achieve an IOP of ⩽12 mmHg and ⩾6 mmHg. Final IOP, visual field status and medications/surgery required were noted.

Does TRABECULECTOMY meet the 10-10-10 challenge in PACG, POAG, JOAG and Secondary glaucomas?

Purpose: Evaluation of the intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering efficacy of trabeculectomies over > 10 years and their ability to stabilize glaucomatous optic neuropathy.

Methods: In total, 181 eyes (136 patients), which underwent trabeculectomy (10 min surgery) at least 10 years prior and were on regular follow-up, were evaluated. Qualified/complete success was taken as criteria A: IOP ≤ 12 mmHg, B: IOP ≤ 15 mmHg and C: IOP ≤ 18 mmHg, with all > 5 mmHg, with/without medications.

Treatment before macular grid in patients of diabetic macular edema.

Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of intravitreal bevacizumab and posterior subtenons triamcinolone acetate in the management of diffuse diabetic macular edema (DME) and to evaluate their efficacy as an adjunct to modified grid laser in management of DME.

Design: This was a prospective, randomized clinical trial of 30 patients.

Materials And Methods: A total of 30 patients attending the medical ophthalmology clinic at a tertiary care hospital were included in the study.

Dose-dependent response of Trichoderma harzianum in improving drought tolerance in rice genotypes.

This study demonstrates a dose-dependent response of Trichoderma harzianum Th-56 in improving drought tolerance in rice by modulating proline, SOD, lipid peroxidation product and DHN / AQU transcript level, and the growth attributes. In the present study, the effect of colonization of different doses of T. harzianum Th-56 strain in rice genotypes were evaluated under drought stress.

Ocimum sanctum leaf extract induces drought stress tolerance in rice.

Ocimum leaves are highly enriched in antioxidant components. Thus, its leaf extract, if applied in plants, is believed to efficiently scavenge ROS, thereby preventing oxidative damage under drought stress. Thus, the present study was performed in kharif 2013 and rabi 2014 season to evaluate the effect of aqueous leaf extract of Ocimum sanctum against drought stress in 2 rice genotype under glass house conditions.

Patterns of pseudophakic retinal detachment in a referral tertiary care center and the need for improving cataract surgical training.

Purpose: To determine the risk factors associated with development of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in patients undergoing different types of cataract surgery.

Methods: Records of 200 patients presenting with pseudophakic retinal detachment (PRD) between January 2012 and July 2013 at a tertiary care center were reviewed. Duration and type of cataract surgery (phacoemulsification, extracapsular cataract extraction [ECCE], and small-incision cataract surgery [SICS]) and history of YAG capsulotomy with risk factors were recorded.

Sensitivity of multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) in detecting siderosis.

Objective: To evaluate use of multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) in diagnosing retinal toxicity from siderosis with normal ERG.

Design: Prospective case series.

Participants: Six patients with retained intraocular foreign body were recruited.

Changing pattern of utilization of human donor cornea in India.

Purpose: To review the changing pattern of donor, corneal utilization in an eye bank at a Tertiary Care Center in Northern India by analyzing the trend in the years 2003, 2008, and 2011.

Methods: A retrospective review of eye bank records for 3 years (2003, 2008, and 2011) was performed at the National Eye Bank. Details including a clinical grade of donor cornea, indication of corneal transplantation (therapeutic or optical), type of procedure (penetrating or lamellar keratoplasty [LK]), and clinical diagnosis of the graft recipients were recorded.

Test-retest variability of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness measurements using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: To evaluate the test-retest variability of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) in measurement of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness.

Methods: A total of 65 eyes of healthy subjects were enrolled in this observational cross-sectional study. RNFL thickness and GCIPL thickness were measured using the repeat scan optic cube and macular cube protocol using Cirrus HD-OCT (software version 6.

IOP agreement between I-Care TA01 rebound tonometer and the Goldmann applanation tonometer in eyes with and without glaucoma.

To analyze correlation of intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement between new rebound tonometer (RBT) I-Care TA01 and Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT). One hundred eighty-five eyes of 185 subjects presenting with glaucoma or cataract were enrolled in the study. In all patients, IOP was obtained by an ophthalmologist using I-Care TA01 and GAT.