Bed downtime: the novel use of a quality metric allows inpatient providers to improve patient flow from the emergency department.

Background: Emergency department (ED) boarding time is associated with increased length of stay (LOS) and inpatient mortality. Despite the documented impact of ED boarding on inpatient outcomes, a disparity continues to exist between the attention paid to the issue by inpatient and ED providers. A perceived lack of high yield strategies to address ED boarding from the perspective of the inpatient provider may discourage involvement in improvement initiatives on the subject.

Peroral endoscopic myotomy: anterior versus posterior approach: a randomized single-blinded clinical trial.

Background And Aims: Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) has become the mainstay for the treatment of achalasia at many institutions around the world since its inception in 2008. POEM can be performed using either the anterior or posterior approach. The primary aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of the anterior and posterior approaches at 1 year after POEM.

HIV viral suppression and geospatial patterns of HIV antiretroviral therapy treatment facility use in Rakai, Uganda.

Objective: To assess geospatial patterns of HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART) treatment facility use and whether they were impacted by viral load suppression.

Methods: We extracted data on the location and type of care services utilized by HIV-positive persons accessing ART between February 2015 and September 2016 from the Rakai Community Cohort Study in Uganda. The distance from Rakai Community Cohort Study households to facilities offering ART was calculated using the open street map road network.

Human immunodeficiency virus care cascade among sub-populations in Rakai, Uganda: an observational study.

Introduction: To assess progress towards the UNAIDS 90-90-90 initiative targets, we examined the HIV care cascade in the population-based Rakai Community Cohort Study (RCCS) in rural Uganda and examined differences between sub-groups.

Methods: Self-reports and clinical records were used to assess the proportion achieving each stage in the cascade. Statistical inference based on a χ test for categorical variables and modified Poisson regression were used to estimate prevalence risk ratios (PRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for enrolment into care and initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART).

Effectiveness of peer support on care engagement and preventive care intervention utilization among pre-antiretroviral therapy, HIV-infected adults in Rakai, Uganda: a randomized trial.

442 pre-ART, HIV-infected adults were randomized to peer support consisting of structured home visits to promote clinic attendance and preventive care intervention use or standard of care. At baseline, 62 % reported previously visiting an HIV clinic, 45 % reported taking cotrimoxazole prophylaxis, and 31 % were "care-naïve" (no previous clinic visit and not on cotrimoxazole). After 1 year, intervention participants were more likely to report being in care (92 vs 84 %; PRR 1.

HIV testing in the U.S. household population aged 15-44: data from the National Survey of Family Growth, 2006-2010.

Objectives: This report presents nationally representative estimates and trends for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing among the U.S. household population aged 15-44.

HIV risk-related behaviors in the United States household population aged 15-44 years: data from the National Survey of Family Growth, 2002 and 2006-2010.

Objective: This report presents national estimates of selected HIV risk-related behaviors among men and women 15-44 years of age in the United States, based on the 2006-2010 National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG). Data from the 2006-2010 NSFG are compared with data from the 2002 NSFG.

Methods: Data for 2006-2010 were collected through in-person interviews with a national sample of 22,682 men and women aged 15-44 years in the household population of the United States.

Infectious disease prevalence in Los Angeles county--a comparison to national estimates, 1999-2004 birth rates for U.S. teenagers reach historic lows for all age and ethnic groups.

This is the first time seroprevalence of antibody to these nine infectious diseases have been available for LAC. Differences in the race and ethnicity distribution of the United States and LAC were observed. Because disease prevalence varies by race and ethnicity, in some instances these demographic differences affected the population differences seen between the United States and LAC in the seroprevalence of the infectious diseases reported in this study.

Religiosity and HIV-related drug risk behavior: a multidimensional assessment of individuals from communities with high rates of drug use.

We examined the relationship between religiosity and HIV-related drug risk behavior among individuals from communities with high rates of drug use who participated in the SHIELD (Self-Help in Eliminating Life-Threatening Disease) study. This analysis examined the dimensions of religious ideation, religious participation, and religious support separately to further understand the relationship with risk taking. Results indicate that greater religious participation appeared to be the dimension most closely associated with drug behaviors.