Impact of COVID-19 infection on genitourinary cancer management. SOGUG-COVID-19: A spanish, multicenter, observational study.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic is a great burden worldwide, but its impact on patients with genitourinary cancer (GUC) is poorly characterized. This study aimed to characterize the clinical features and evolution of GUC patients affected by COVID-19 in Spain.

Patients And Methods: SOGUG-COVID-19 was an observational ambispective non-interventional study that recruited patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection who had been treated for GUC in 32 Spanish hospitals.

Recommendations from the Galician Oncological Society and the Galician Society of Nuclear Medicine for the use of Lu-PSMA-617 radioligand-therapy in prostate cancer.

Theragnostic is a type of precision medicine that uses molecules linked to radioactive isotopes for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. In recent years, it has gained significant importance to treat neuroendocrine tumors and is currently being used in prostate cancer. Various radiopharmaceuticals have emerged for diagnosing and detecting lesions showing prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positivity on the Positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan, being the most widely used labeled with [Ga] and [F].

Outcomes and patterns of use of Radium-223 in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Introduction: Radium-223 dichloride (Ra-223) is recommended as a treatment option for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients with symptomatic bone metastases and no visceral disease, after docetaxel failure, or in patients who are not candidates to receive it. In this study, we aimed to ambispectively analyze overall survival (OS) and prognostic features in mCRPC in patients receiving Ra-223 as per clinical routine practice and identify the most suitable treatment sequence.

Patients And Methods: This study is observational, multicentric, and ambispective.

Summary of Research: Adjuvant Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab Versus Placebo for Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma After Nephrectomy (CheckMate 914): A Double-Blind, Randomized, Phase 3 Trial.

This is a summary of a research article reporting Part A of the CheckMate 914 study (NCT03138512; EudraCT 2016-004502-34). Following surgery to remove renal cell carcinoma (RCC), people with a high risk of the cancer returning received nivolumab plus ipilimumab (adjuvant therapy) or placebo to see if this risk was reduced. The results of this study showed that the risk of RCC returning or death was not changed with adjuvant nivolumab plus ipilimumab treatment compared with placebo.

Adjuvant nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus placebo for localised renal cell carcinoma after nephrectomy (CheckMate 914): a double-blind, randomised, phase 3 trial.

Background: Effective adjuvant therapy for patients with resected localised renal cell carcinoma represents an unmet need, with surveillance being the standard of care. We report results from part A of a phase 3, randomised trial that aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of adjuvant nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus placebo.

Methods: The double-blind, randomised, phase 3 CheckMate 914 trial enrolled patients with localised clear cell renal cell carcinoma who were at high risk of relapse after radical or partial nephrectomy between 4-12 weeks before random assignment.

A correlative biomarker study and integrative prognostic model in chemotherapy-naïve metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with enzalutamide.

Background: There is a considerable need to incorporate biomarkers of resistance to new antiandrogen agents in the management of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).

Methods: We conducted a phase II trial of enzalutamide in first-line chemo-naïve asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic mCRPC and analyzed the prognostic value of TMPRSS2-ERG and other biomarkers, including circulating tumor cells (CTCs), androgen receptor splice variant (AR-V7) in CTCs and plasma Androgen Receptor copy number gain (AR-gain). These biomarkers were correlated with treatment response and survival outcomes and developed a clinical-molecular prognostic model using penalized cox-proportional hazard model.

Randomized phase 3 noninferiority trial of radiotherapy and cisplatin vs radiotherapy and cetuximab after docetaxel-cisplatin-fluorouracil induction chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced unresectable head and neck cancer.

Objectives: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy is the standard treatment for patients with unresectable, locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (LA-SCCHN); induction chemotherapy (ICT) may provide survival benefits in some patients. This study aimed to demonstrate the noninferiority of concomitant cetuximab plus radiotherapy (cet+RT) vs cisplatin plus radiotherapy (cis+RT) in patients with unresectable LA-SCCHN who were responsive to ICT.

Materials And Methods: This randomized, open-label, phase 3 trial studied patients with unresectable LA-SCCHN who received 3 cycles of ICT (docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil; TPF) followed by cis+RT (standard arm) or cet+RT (experimental arm).

Circulating Proteins Associated with Response and Resistance to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer.

Despite the increasing use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in HER2-positive breast cancer (BC) patients, the clinical problem of predicting individual treatment response remains unanswered. Furthermore, the use of ineffective chemotherapeutic regimens should be avoided. Serum biomarker levels are being studied more and more for their ability to predict therapy response and aid in the development of personalized treatment regimens.

Proteomics as a Complementary Technique to Characterize Bladder Cancer.

Bladder cancer (BC) is the most common tumor of the urinary tract and is conventionally classified as either non-muscle invasive or muscle invasive. In addition, histological variants exist, as organized by the WHO-2016 classification. However, innovations in next-generation sequencing have led to molecular classifications of BC.

Detection of Circulating Serum Protein Biomarkers of Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer after Protein Corona-Silver Nanoparticles Analysis by SWATH-MS.

Because cystoscopy is expensive and invasive, a new method of detecting non-invasive muscular bladder cancer (NMIBC) is needed. This study aims to identify potential serum protein markers for NMIBC to improve diagnosis and to find treatment approaches that avoid disease progression to a life-threatening phenotype (muscle-invasive bladder cancer, MIBC). Here, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs, 9.

Blood-based protein biomarkers in bladder urothelial tumors.

Bladder cancer (BC) is the fifth most common cancer with a high prevalence rate. It is classically classified in two groups, namely non-muscle invasive (NMIBC) and muscle invasive (MIBC). NMIBC accounts for 75% of cases and has a better prognosis than MIBC.

Comprehensive cross-platform comparison of methods for non-invasive EGFR mutation testing: results of the RING observational trial.

Several platforms for noninvasive EGFR testing are currently used in the clinical setting with sensitivities ranging from 30% to 100%. Prospective studies evaluating agreement and sources for discordant results remain lacking. Herein, seven methodologies including two next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based methods, three high-sensitivity PCR-based platforms, and two FDA-approved methods were compared using 72 plasma samples, from EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients progressing on a first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI).

Combination of gefitinib and olaparib versus gefitinib alone in EGFR mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC): A multicenter, randomized phase II study (GOAL).

Objectives: Progression-free survival (PFS) and response rate to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) varies in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) driven byEGFR mutations, suggesting that other genetic alterations may influence oncogene addiction. Low BRCA1 mRNA levels correlate with longer PFS in erlotinib-treated EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients. Since the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, olaparib, may attenuate and/or prevent BRCA1 expression, the addition of olaparib to gefitinib could improve outcome in EGFR-mutant advanced NSCLC.

Identification of a Profile of Neutrophil-Derived Granule Proteins in the Surface of Gold Nanoparticles after Their Interaction with Human Breast Cancer Sera.

It is well known that the interaction of a nanomaterial with a biological fluid leads to the formation of a protein corona (PC) surrounding the nanomaterial. Using standard blood analyses, alterations in protein patterns are difficult to detect. PC acts as a "nano-concentrator" of serum proteins with affinity for nanoparticles' surface.

A new scenario in metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a SOG-GU consensus.

Background: This article describes and compares approved targeted therapies and the newer immunotherapy agents.

Materials And Methods: This article especially performs an in-depth review of currently available data for tivozanib, explaining its mechanism of action, its safety profile and its role as an efficacy drug in the management of renal cancer.

Results: Despite the fact that the treatment of advanced RCC has been dramatically modified in recent years, durable remissions are scarce and it remains a lethal disease.

Proteomic investigation on bio-corona of Au, Ag and Fe nanoparticles for the discovery of triple negative breast cancer serum protein biomarkers.

Nowadays, there are no targeted therapeutic modalities for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). This disease is associated with poor prognosis and worst clinical outcome because of the aggressive nature of the tumor, delayed diagnosis, and non-specific symptoms in the early stages. Therefore, identification of novel specific TNBC serum biomarkers for screening and therapeutic purposes remains an urgent clinical requirement.

Potential clinical applications of the personalized, disease-specific protein corona on nanoparticles.

Nanoscale objects lose their original identity once in contact with biological fluids and get a new biological identity, referred to as a protein corona (PC). The PC modifies many of the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles (NPs), including surface charge, size, and aggregation state. These changes, in turn, affect the biological fate of NPs, including their biodistribution, pharmacokinetics, and therapeutic efficacy.

Proteomic analysis of the bio-corona formed on the surface of (Au, Ag, Pt)-nanoparticles in human serum.

Adsorption of biomolecules onto nanoparticles surface in biological samples led to the formation of a bio-corona, it could modified the "identity" of nanoparticles, contributing to the determination of their toxicity and biocompatibility. Gel electrophoresis in combination with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was employed to qualitatively analyze and identify the human serum proteins adsorbed on the surface of three different nanomaterials stabilized with citrate: 10.02 ± 0.

Concurrent chemoradiation for locally advanced stage III non-small cell lung cancer with cisplatin, vinorelbine, and thoracic radiotherapy: a phase II study from the Galician Lung Cancer Group.

Purpose: The aim of this phase II study was to evaluate the activity and safety of the combination of cisplatin and vinorelbine with thoracic radiotherapy in unresectable locally advanced stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR). Secondary objectives included toxicity profile, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).

Novel functionalized nanomaterials for the effective enrichment of proteins and peptides with post-translational modifications.

Low abundance proteins/peptides usually suffer strong interference with highly abundant proteins/peptides as well as other contaminants, resulting in low ionization efficiency in MS analysis. Hence, the enrichment and separation of proteins/peptides from complex mixtures are of great value to their successful identification. In this review we present an overview of the application of different nanocomposites for the specific enrichment of peptides/proteins with post-translational modifications (PTMs), such as phosphorylation and glycosylation.

Androgen receptor gene status in plasma DNA associates with worse outcome on enzalutamide or abiraterone for castration-resistant prostate cancer: a multi-institution correlative biomarker study.

Background: There is an urgent need to identify biomarkers to guide personalized therapy in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). We aimed to clinically qualify androgen receptor (AR) gene status measurement in plasma DNA using multiplex droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) in pre- and post-chemotherapy CRPC.

Methods: We optimized ddPCR assays for AR copy number and mutations and retrospectively analyzed plasma DNA from patients recruited to one of the three biomarker protocols with prospectively collected clinical data.