The role of psychological characteristics of the personality of patients with colorectal cancer in the timeliness of diagnosis verification and prognosis of disease outcome.

Objective: Colorectal cancer (CRC) has become the third most commonly diagnosed type of cancer in the world. Based on the risk factors for colorectal cancer (behavior, lifestyle), it is important to better understand the behavioral and psychological characteristics of the individual associated with timely seeking medical help, coping with the extreme situation of diagnosis, and the course of the disease. This determined the purpose of the study: identify the psychological characteristics of patients with colorectal cancer associated with the stage of diagnosis verification and the prognosis of disease outcome.

[The psychological and environment risk factors of development of breast cancer in women residing in industrial megalopolis and rural locality].

The breast cancer hold leading position in the structure of oncological morbidity of women worldwide. The purpose of the study is to analyze contribution of psychological and environmental factors to risk of development of breast cancer in women residing in industrial metropolis and rural locality. The actuality of the study is conditioned by acquisition of new knowledge about risk factors of breast cancer.

Evaluation of Stromal Vascular Fraction Properties and Histological Changes of Regenerating Tissue during Healing of Radiation-Induced Lesions in the Rectum.

We analyzed the main properties of autologous adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) used for the treatment of radiation-induced lesions in the rectum. No statistically significant correlation between the main characteristics of the cell product (cell number, viability) and patient's age or donor area were revealed. The stages and peculiarities of histological changes in the regenerating tissue after injection of autologous adipose tissue cells were analyzed.

[Some patterns of development of radio-induced metachronous tumors].

Objective: to determine the specific features of the development of metachronous tumors and survival rates in patients with metachronous primary and multiple cancers after radiotherapy for the first tumor.

Material And Methods: The archival data of the Chelyabinsk Regional Oncology Dispensary on the treatment of 232 patients, in whom metachronous primary and multiple tumors occurred after radiotherapy for primary tumor, were studied.

Results: The patients' mean age at the diagnosis of the first tumor was 60.

[ALPPS in case of massive liver metastases].

It was presented the first experience of ALPPS technique using in treatment of massive liver metastases in the Urals. The technique allows to carry out surgical treatment without danger of development of post-operative liver failure. Also it permits to complete treatment during one hospitalization without stretching the therapeutic process in time.

[Immediate results of combined treatment for soft tissue sarcomas including intraoperative radiation therapy].

Nowadays the most popular and justified, from oncological positions, method of treatment for soft tissue sarcomas is a combined approach with the use of conservative surgery followed by postoperative radiation therapy. In this regard, intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) in a single dose of 10-20 Gy is a method that optimizes the role of radiation therapy in treatment of this pathology allowing precise localization of radiation zone within the "tumor bed", thereby minimizing damage of normal tissues and critical organs. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of IORT on the frequency and structure of post-operative complications.

[Results of combined treatment with intraoperative radial therapy of soft tissue sarcoma].

The intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) in combined therapy of soft tissue sarcoma in a single dose 10-20 Gy is the method, which can optimize the role of radiation therapy in treatment of this nosology. This method allows exact localization of the irradiation zone in the frames of "tumor bed", thereby minimizing the damage of normal tissues and critical organs. The aim of the study was the influence of IORT on the rate and structure of postoperative complications and long-term results of treatment in the group under study (n = 49) in comparison with the group of combined treatment without IORT (n = 57) and the group of surgical treatment.

[The assesment of significance of the retroperitoneal lymph node dissection in proximity of metastatic tumor with main vessels in patients with germ cell testicular tumors].

The therapeutic approach should be defined more exactly in proximity of residual retroperitoneal metastases of germ cell testicular tumor and main vessels (left after chemotherapy). The data of 29 (24%) patients were analyzed over a period of time since 2003 till 2011. The general survival was 82% in the group without lymph node dissection (17 patients) in median observation of 27.

[Long-term results of combined treatment of soft tissue sarcoma with the use of intraoperative radiotherapy].

This retrospective study of long-term results of combined treatment of soft tissue sarcoma with the use of intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) included 171 patients. Controls received adjuvant distant gamma-therapy (n = 57) or surgical treatment (n = 171). IORT significantly improved 5 year general (p = 0.

[Surgical treatment of leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava].

The presented review of the literature is generalization of the currently existing data of foreign and Russian literature concerning treatment of a rare non-organic retroperitoneal tumour from smooth-muscle tissue, i. e., leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava.

[Value of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of recurrent colorectal cancer].

To diagnose recurrent colorectal cancer is an urgent problem of oncoproctology. Eighty patients with suspected recurrent colon tumor were examined. All the patients underwent irrigoscopy, colonoscopy, magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen and small pelvis.

[Preventive lymphadenectomy in complex treatment of melanoma of the skin, trunk and extremities].

Results of treatment of 90 patients with primary melanoma of the skin, trunk and extremities with stages T2-T4N0M0 were analyzed. Different strategies were used in relation to regional lymph nodes. It was found that prophylactic lymphadenectomy in terms of more than 4 weeks after excision of primary cutaneous melanoma reliably prolongs total and recurrence-free survival as compared with the method without fulfilling prophylactic lymphadenectomy.

[Transesophageal ultrasonography in the diagnosis of malignant tumors of the mediastinum].

Aim: To assess transesophageal ultrasonography capabilities in diagnosis of mediastinal malignant tumors.

Materials And Methods: Technique of radial transesophageal ultrasonography was used to diagnose mediastinal malignancy in 157 patients. Method of amplitude hystography was employed to assess lymph nodes.

[Long-term results of combined photon-neutron radiotherapy for malignant salivary gland tumors at the Ural Neutron Therapy Center].

An evaluation of combined photon-neutron radiotherapy (CPNT) of malignant tumors of the salivary gland (31) is presented. Overall 1-year survival was 100%, 2 years--95%, 3 years--65%, 4 years--57% and 5 years--47%. Radiation-related injury incidence did not vary dramatically: CPNT--15%, photon therapy--11%.

[Role of fast neutrons in the treatment of soft tissue sarcoma].

The report deals with our data on evaluation of combined photon-neutron radiotherapy (CPNT) received by 33 patients with soft tissue sarcoma at the Clinic of the Urals Neutron Therapy Center. Follow-up ranged 10-80 months (median--68 months). Complete response was reported in 100% (control--45%).

[Prophylaxis of early radiation injuries to intact tissues following exposure to combined photon-neutron radiotherapy for malignant head and neck tumors].

Our data are presented on comparison of early- and late-response and complications in 320 patients with head and neck tumors after combined photon-neutron radiotherapy (CPNT) alone or in conjunction with cisplatin. Laser therapy via the LGN-222 quartz installation alternating with irradiation sessions was used to prevent and palliate radiation injuries. As a result, the incidence of acute (grade I-II) reactions was significantly lowered and severe fast-neutron-induced complications were avoided.

[Application of compression equipment using the "form memory" effect and super-elasticity of titanium nickelide in surgery for rectal cancer].

The study is concerned with development of equipment for forming circular compression intestinal anastomosis using the "form memory" effect and super-elasticity of titanium nickelide. A sequence of technological operations is suggested, experimental tests and clinical trials carried out and immediate and end-results for anterior resection in rectal cancer are evaluated. Compression equipment for forming colorectal anastomosis proved reliable in long-term operation.

[Extended preoperative course of radiotherapy as component of combined and complex treatment of locally-advanced ampular rectal cancer].

Sixty-two patients were treated for locally-advanced ampular rectal cancer at the Center's Clinic (2004-2008). Extended preoperative course of radiotherapy plus 5 = fluorouracil chemomodification was given to 55 patients (group 1) and the same plus hyperthermia--to 27 (group 2). Radiation injuries were reported in 37.

[Use of compression suturing device for colorectal anastomoses].

78 patients with rectal cancer were operated on with the use of a new-generation compression suturing device for colorectal anastomosis. There were no complications and deaths postoperatively. Long-term follow-up revealed no contractures of the anastomotic zone.

[Experience with using anterior resections in the surgery of rectum].

A retrospective analysis of direct results of anterior resections of the rectum fulfilled for cancer is presented. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to the methods of forming colorectal anastomoses: manual nodular, compression-mechanical method using apparatus AKA-2, 4 and a compressive method with apparatuses on the basis of the effect of memory of the form in the titanium nikelide alloy. Advantages of using compressive apparatuses are shown as well as the reliability of compressive colorectal anastomoses.

[Effectiveness of different regimes of combined treatment (cisplatin+ radiotherapy) for intraoral and oropharyngeal cancer].

Three regimes of combined treatment for intraoral and oropharyngeal cancer were compared. In group A, cisplatin 6 mg/m2 was given intravenously, daily; group B--40 mg/m2, weekly; group C--100 mg/m2, once in 3 weeks. All patients simultaneously received distant radiation therapy in a standard fractionated dose of 2 Gy per fraction, 5 times a week, up to TTD of 68-70 Gy.

[Treatment of the patients with complications of colon malignant tumors].

Results of treatment of 150 patients with colorectal cancer complicated with obturation intestinal obstruction are analyzed. Rational health care organization has permitted to increase operability and respectability of tumor to 96 and 87% accordingly compared with 73 and 57.5% at control group.