Radiation doses to the breast and predicted breast cancer risk among patients treated for Hodgkin lymphoma with modern radiotherapy.

Purpose: To contrast breast radiation exposure from chest radiotherapy in 2006-2021 with 1965-1997, and to compare breast cancer (BC) risk 25 years after treatment predicted by two models.

Methods: Radiation dose distributions to the breast from 101 chest radiotherapies given 2006-2021 for Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) or other lymphoma in one German and two Dutch hospitals were compared with doses received by 505 Dutch HL patients treated 1965-1997 and sampled into a nested case-control study, weighted to represent a HL patient cohort. Dose-volume histograms, mean dose and doses to 10 breast segments were evaluated.

Combining dosiomics and machine learning methods for predicting severe cardiac diseases in childhood cancer survivors: the French Childhood Cancer Survivor Study.

Background: Cardiac disease (CD) is a primary long-term diagnosed pathology among childhood cancer survivors. Dosiomics (radiomics extracted from the dose distribution) have received attention in the past few years to assess better the induced risk of radiotherapy (RT) than standard dosimetric features such as dose-volume indicators. Hence, using the spatial information contained in the dosiomics features with machine learning methods may improve the prediction of CD.

Prediction of breast cancer risk for adolescents and young adults with Hodgkin lymphoma.

Background: While female survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) have an increased risk of breast cancer (BC), no BC risk prediction model is available. We developed such models incorporating mean radiation dose to the breast or breast quadrant-specific radiation doses.

Methods: Relative risks and age-specific incidence for BC and competing events (mortality or other subsequent cancer) were estimated from 1194 Dutch five-year HL survivors, treated at ages 11-40 during 1965-2000.

Neurological hospitalisations in childhood cancer survivors treated before 2001: findings from the French Childhood Cancer Survivor Study cohort.

Purpose: Childhood cancer survivors (CCS) have an increased risk of developing late chronic diseases, which can be influenced by the cancer type and its treatment. These chronic diseases can be severe and disabling, typically emerging years to decades after treatment. These deficits negatively impact quality of life, intelligence quotient, and memory.

Automatic Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Metastases Based on Computed Tomography Images.

Liver cancer, a leading cause of cancer mortality, is often diagnosed by analyzing the grayscale variations in liver tissue across different computed tomography (CT) images. However, the intensity similarity can be strong, making it difficult for radiologists to visually identify hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and metastases. It is crucial for the management and prevention strategies to accurately differentiate between these two liver cancers.

Cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction after radiation therapy for breast cancer: results from the BACCARAT cohort study.

Background: Radiation therapy (RT) for breast cancer (BC) can result in subtle cardiac dysfunction that can occur early after treatment. In 2022, the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) published the first guidelines in cardio-oncology with a harmonized definition of cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD). The aim of this study was to evaluate CTRCD occurrence over 24 months of follow-up after RT in BC patients and to analyze the association with cardiac radiation exposure.

Radiation Doses Received by Major Organs at Risk in Children and Young Adolescents Treated for Cancer with External Beam Radiation Therapy: A Large-scale Study from 12 European Countries.

Purpose: Childhood cancer survivors, in particular those treated with radiation therapy, are at high risk of long-term iatrogenic events. The prediction of risk of such events is mainly based on the knowledge of the radiation dose received to healthy organs and tissues during treatment of childhood cancer diagnosed decades ago. We aimed to set up a standardized organ dose table to help former patients and clinicians in charge of long-term follow-up clinics.

Radiomics-Based Classification of Tumor and Healthy Liver on Computed Tomography Images.

Liver malignancies, particularly hepatocellular carcinoma and metastasis, stand as prominent contributors to cancer mortality. Much of the data from abdominal computed tomography images remain underused by radiologists. This study explores the application of machine learning in differentiating tumor tissue from healthy liver tissue using radiomics features.

Very long-term outcomes of pediatric patients treated for optic pathway gliomas: A longitudinal cohort study.

Background: Optic pathway gliomas (OPGs) represent 5% of childhood brain tumors. Successive relapses lead to multiple treatments exposing to late complications.

Methods: We included patients treated at Gustave Roussy (GR) between January 1980 and December 2015 for OPG, before 18 years old and alive at 5 years from diagnosis.

Risk of subsequent gliomas and meningiomas among 69,460 5-year survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer in Europe: the PanCareSurFup study.

Background: Childhood cancer survivors are at risk of subsequent gliomas and meningiomas, but the risks beyond age 40 years are uncertain. We quantified these risks in the largest ever cohort.

Methods: Using data from 69,460 5-year childhood cancer survivors (diagnosed 1940-2008), across Europe, standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and cumulative incidence were calculated.

Increased Cardiac Risk After a Second Malignant Neoplasm Among Childhood Cancer Survivors: A FCCSS Study.

Background: Childhood cancer survivors (CCS) are at an elevated risk of developing both a second malignant neoplasm (SMN) and cardiac disease.

Objectives: This study sought to assess the excess of occurrence of cardiac disease after a SMN among CCS.

Methods: Analyses included 7,670 CCS from the French Childhood Cancer Survivors Study cohort diagnosed between 1945 and 2000.

Cumulative Absolute Risk of Subsequent Colorectal Cancer After Abdominopelvic Radiotherapy Among Childhood Cancer Survivors: A PanCareSurFup Study.

Purpose: Childhood cancer survivors are at the risk of developing subsequent colorectal cancers (CRCs), but the absolute risks by treatment modality are uncertain. We quantified the absolute risks by radiotherapy treatment characteristics using clinically accessible data from a Pan-European wide case-control study nested within a large cohort of childhood cancer survivors: the PanCareSurFup Study.

Methods: Odds ratios (ORs) from a case-control study comprising 143 CRC cases and 143 controls nested within a cohort of 69,460 survivors were calculated.

Subsequent female breast cancer risk associated with anthracycline chemotherapy for childhood cancer.

Anthracycline-based chemotherapy is associated with increased subsequent breast cancer (SBC) risk in female childhood cancer survivors, but the current evidence is insufficient to support early breast cancer screening recommendations for survivors treated with anthracyclines. In this study, we pooled individual patient data of 17,903 survivors from six well-established studies, of whom 782 (4.4%) developed a SBC, and analyzed dose-dependent effects of individual anthracycline agents on developing SBC and interactions with chest radiotherapy.

Radiation exposure and leukaemia risk among cohorts of persons exposed to low and moderate doses of external ionising radiation in childhood.

Background: Many high-dose groups demonstrate increased leukaemia risks, with risk greatest following childhood exposure; risks at low/moderate doses are less clear.

Methods: We conducted a pooled analysis of the major radiation-associated leukaemias (acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) with/without the inclusion of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL)) in ten childhood-exposed groups, including Japanese atomic bomb survivors, four therapeutically irradiated and five diagnostically exposed cohorts, a mixture of incidence and mortality data. Relative/absolute risk Poisson regression models were fitted.

Early Development of Atherosclerotic Plaques in the Coronary Arteries after Radiotherapy for Breast Cancer (BACCARAT Study).

Background-Radiotherapy (RT) for breast cancer (BC) can lead to an increased risk of coronary artery disease several years after RT. The aim of this study was to evaluate the development of overall, non-calcified and calcified atherosclerotic plaques over 2 years after BC for RT and associations with cardiac exposure. Methods-The study included 101 left- or right-sided BC patients treated with RT without chemotherapy.

Individual Participant Data Network Meta-Analysis of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy or Chemoradiotherapy in Esophageal or Gastroesophageal Junction Carcinoma.

Purpose: The optimal neoadjuvant treatment for resectable carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus (TE) or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) remains a matter of debate. We performed an individual participant data (IPD) network meta-analysis (NMA) of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to study the effect of chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy, with a focus on tumor location and histology subgroups.

Patients And Methods: All, published or unpublished, RCTs closed to accrual before December 31, 2015 and having compared at least two of the following strategies were eligible: upfront surgery (S), chemotherapy followed by surgery (CS), and chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery (CRS).

Radiation-induced lung injury after breast cancer treatment: incidence in the CANTO-RT cohort and associated clinical and dosimetric risk factors.

Purpose: Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is strongly associated with various clinical conditions and dosimetric parameters. Former studies have led to reducing radiotherapy (RT) doses to the lung and have favored the discontinuation of tamoxifen during RT. However, the monocentric design and variability of dosimetric parameters chosen have limited further improvement.

Predictive factors of long-term follow-up attendance in very long-term childhood cancer survivors.

Background: Long-term follow-up (LTFU) clinics have been developed but only some childhood cancer survivors (CCS) attend long-term follow-up (LTFU).

Objective: To identify factors that influence LTFU attendance.

Methods: Five-year CCS treated for a solid tumor or lymphoma in Gustave Roussy before 2000, included in the FCCSS cohort (French Childhood Cancer Survivor Study), aged >18 years and alive at the date of the LTFU Clinic opening (January 2012) were invited to a LTFU visit.