Transplantation of gasdermin pores by extracellular vesicles propagates pyroptosis to bystander cells.

Pyroptosis mediated by gasdermins (GSDMs) plays crucial roles in infection and inflammation. Pyroptosis triggers the release of inflammatory molecules, including damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). However, the consequences of pyroptosis-especially beyond interleukin (IL)-1 cytokines and DAMPs-that govern inflammation are poorly defined.

Identifying the Prognostic Factors Affecting the Conversion From Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy to Open Cholecystectomy in Acute Cholecystitis.

Introduction Acute cholecystitis, commonly caused by gallstones, is a prevalent surgical emergency worldwide. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is the gold standard for treatment, but the timing is crucial, with early surgery (within seven days) reducing complications. Identifying prognostic factors such as age, sex, white blood cell (WBC) count, C-reactive protein (CRP), and gallbladder wall thickness can help predict outcomes and reduce the need for conversion to open surgery.

Charge-switchable zwitterionic nanomagnets for wastewater remediation.

Enormous amounts of toxic synthetic dyes and inorganic contaminants, such as heavy metals, are regularly discharged into local water bodies unregulated and untreated through effluents from a wide range of industries. Designing industrial methodologies that limit or eliminate the unloading of harmful substances in the surrounding environment has become a requisite for sustainable growth. Although the magnetic separation-based adsorption technique seems quite promising, the functional moieties on the nanoparticle surface often restrict the choice of target pollutants, limiting their universal applicability.

An Improved Focus-Forming Assay for Determination of the Dengue Virus Titer.

Dengue virus (DENV), a common and prevalent mosquito-borne endemic disease, is caused by four serotypes (DENV-1-4) and has spread rapidly on a global scale over the past decade. A crucial step in the development of antiviral therapeutics requires the utilization of in vitro cell-based techniques, such as plaque assays and focus-forming assays (FFA) for virus quantification. Vero cells have been widely used for FFA and plaque assay; however, there are instances when their efficacy and efficiency in the detection of certain clinical DENV isolates are low.

Unveiling the complex interplay between gut microbiota and polycystic ovary syndrome: A narrative review.

Background & Aim: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder that affects women throughout their reproductive age and characterised via polycystic ovaries, hyperandrogenism, and irregular menstruation. There is rising evidence that the pathophysiology of PCOS is significantly affected via the gut microbiota and its metabolic products.

Methods: This narrative review synthesizes current literature exploring the relationship between gut microbiota and PCOS.

Robotics can decrease the rate of post-operative ventral hernia: a single centre retrospective cohort study.

Midline incision for extra-corporeal anastomosis is common with traditional laparoscopic right hemicolectomy. Incisional hernias develop in up to 20% of these patients within a year adding considerable morbidity and healthcare costs. Robotic assisted surgery (RAS) improves technical ease of intra-corporeal anastomosis, preventing midline extraction but its benefit over laparoscopy remains debated.

Comparative Evaluation of Scaling and Root Planing with and without Oxygen-releasing Gel in the Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis: A Split-mouth Study.

Aim: The study aims to compare the effectiveness of scaling root planing alone and scaling root planing with oxygen-releasing gel in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.

Materials And Methods: A split-mouth randomized controlled trial was designed on 25 systemically healthy participants with 50 sites having chronic periodontitis. Two sites were selected for each patient and were randomly allocated into two groups.

Dedifferentiated Chondrosarcoma: A Report of a Rare and Intriguing Case.

Dedifferentiated chondrosarcomas (DDCS) are highly aggressive tumors with poor outcomes. Chondrosarcoma (CS) can be categorized based on localization (periosteal, central, and peripheral) or histology, with conventional CS being the most common subtype. However, rarer histological types, such as clear-cell CS, DDCS, and mesenchymal CS, also exist.

The impact of margins and re-resection in pediatric synovial sarcoma.

Introduction: Synovial sarcoma is one of the most common soft tissue sarcomas in children. Guidelines regarding the adequate extent of resection margins and the role of re-resection are lacking. We sought to evaluate the adequate resection margin and the role of re-resection in predicting outcomes in children with synovial sarcomas.

Investigation of Solid Polymer Electrolytes for NASICON-Type Solid-State Symmetric Sodium-Ion Battery.

The inevitable shift toward renewable energy and electrification necessitates earth-abundant sodium reserves for next-generation Na-based energy storage technologies. By coupling the benefits of solid electrolytes over traditional nonaqueous electrolytes due to their safety hazards, solid-state sodium-ion batteries hold huge prospects in the future. This work presents a comprehensively developed solid-state sodium-ion symmetric full cell operating at room temperature enabled through a poly(vinylidene fluoride--hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP)-based polymer electrolyte and modified NASICON-structured positive and negative electrodes.

Telerehabilitation in post-stroke care: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objectives: This meta-analysis introduces tele-medicine in time-sensitive conditions like stroke and the challenges hindering at-home rehabilitation. It aims to consolidate evidence supporting telerehabilitation effectiveness in post-stroke patients, with a focus on ADL, balance, mobility, and motor control.

Methods: We conducted a meta-analysis using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines.

Survival Outcomes of Transoral Microsurgery in T3/T4a Laryngeal Tumors: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: To critically evaluate oncological and functional outcomes following transoral laser microsurgery (TLM) in patients with T3/T4a glottic and supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

Data Sources: A comprehensive search of five major databases-PubMed, Embase, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science-was conducted using a combination of relevant keywords and MeSH terms.

Review Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis of odds ratio (OR), hazards ratio (HR), and proportion, focusing on oncological and functional outcomes of TLM in advanced T3/T4a glottic and supraglottic tumors.

Exploring the Impact of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis on Otolaryngological Functions.

Importance: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons at the spinal or bulbar level.

Objective: We aim to describe the most frequent otolaryngology (ORL) complaints and voice disturbances in patients with bulbar onset ALS.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Removal of anionic dye from textile effluent using zirconium phosphate loaded polyaniline-graphene oxide composite: Lab to pilot scale evaluation.

Efficient filtering of dyes is essential for the protection of ecosystem and human health due to the considerable water pollution caused by the effluents released from the sector. We present a simple, scalable UV radiation-assisted method for treating methyl orange dye-polluted water from the textile industry using zirconium phosphate-loaded polyaniline-graphene oxide (PGZrP) composite. The new material was synthesized by sonochemically incorporating a polyaniline-graphene oxide composite with hydrothermally synthesized zirconium phosphate.

Gestational diabetes mellitus: Impacts on fetal neurodevelopment, gut dysbiosis, and the promise of precision medicine.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common metabolic disorder affecting approximately 16.5% of pregnancies worldwide and causing significant health concerns. GDM is a serious pregnancy complication caused by chronic insulin resistance in the mother and has been associated with the development of neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring.

Low-cost one-pot synthesis of hydrophobic and hydrophilic monodispersed iron oxide nanoparticles.

The synthesis of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (SPIONs) with size and shape tunability, which is also industrially scalable, remains challenging. Surface functionalization of the nanoparticles is yet another active research subject. Although a variety of inorganic and organometallic precursors have been tried, which are demanding in terms of both cost and effort, the use of iron hydroxide, a simple and cheap iron precursor, has not been explored in detail for the synthesis of SPIONs following a thermal decomposition route.

Global and regional mortality statistics of nipah virus from 1994 to 2023: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.

The mortality rate of Nipah virus (NiV) can vary in different regions, and its pattern across timelines has yet to be assessed. The primary objective is to perform a comparative analysis of mortality rates across different timelines and countries. Articles reporting NiV mortality from inception to November 2023 were analyzed in PubMed, Ovid Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases.

An Evaluation of Occupational Stress and Periodontal Status Among Indian Army Male Personnel: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Oral illnesses are multifactorial and also behavior-related. Stress and habits influence periodontal disease. Based on this premise, assessing the influence of stress on military personnel and understanding its influence on oral and periodontal health becomes imperative.

Efficacy and safety of proton therapy versus intensity-modulated radiation therapy in the treatment of head and neck tumors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

To comprehensively evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and safety when utilizing proton therapy (PT) versus intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in head and neck cancer patients. Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science were systematically searched for studies on comparative PT and IMRT outcomes. We performed a random effect model meta-analysis to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and odds ratio (OR) for efficacy and safety outcome variables between PT and IMRT.