Photoluminescence and Energy Transfer in Double- and Triple-Lanthanide-Doped YVO Nanoparticles.

Optical materials doped with several lanthanides are unique in their properties and are widely used in various fields of science and technology. The study of these systems provides solutions for noncontact thermometry, bioimaging, sensing technology, and others. In this paper, we report on the demonstration of YVO nanoparticles doped with one, two, and three different rare earth ions (Tm, Er, and Nd).