P-, E-, and H-cadherins differ in their relationships with coronary stenosis, cardiovascular outcomes, and unplanned recurrent revascularization.

Background And Aims: Cadherins are adhesion proteins, and their dysregulation may result in the development of atherosclerosis, plaque rupture, or lesions of the vascular wall. The aim of the present study was to detect the associations of cadherins-P, -E, and -H, with atherosclerosis and pathological cardiovascular conditions.

Methods And Results: The present study with 3-year follow up evaluated atherosclerosis and fasting levels of P-, E-, and H-cadherins in the serum samples of 214 patients in a hospital setting.

Serum Level of Cadherin-P (CDH3) Is a Novel Predictor of Cardiovascular Events Related to Atherosclerosis in a 3-Year Follow-Up Study.

: Placental cadherin (CDH3) is an adhesion molecule expressed in many malignant tumors. The role of serum CDH3 in atherosclerosis is unclear. : This 3-year follow-up study measured atherosclerosis and serum CDH3 in 218 angiography inpatients.

Asymmetric electrostatic dodecapole: compact bandpass filter with low aberrations for momentum microscopy.

Imaging energy filters in photoelectron microscopes and momentum microscopes use spherical fields with deflection angles of 90°, 180° and even 2 × 180°. These instruments are optimized for high energy resolution, and exhibit image aberrations when operated in high transmission mode at medium energy resolution. Here, a new approach is presented for bandpass-filtered imaging in real or reciprocal space using an electrostatic dodecapole with an asymmetric electrode array.

Thermoresponsive carboplatin-releasing prodrugs.

Platinum-based anticancer drugs, while potent, are associated with numerous and severe side effects. Hyperthermia therapy is an effective adjuvant in anticancer treatment, however, clinically used platinum drugs have not been optimised for combination with hyperthermia. The derivatisation of existing anticancer drugs with appropriately chosen thermoresponsive moieties results in drugs being activated only at the heated site.

Observation of time-reversal symmetry breaking in the band structure of altermagnetic RuO.

Altermagnets are an emerging elementary class of collinear magnets. Unlike ferromagnets, their distinct crystal symmetries inhibit magnetization while, unlike antiferromagnets, they promote strong spin polarization in the band structure. The corresponding unconventional mechanism of time-reversal symmetry breaking without magnetization in the electronic spectra has been regarded as a primary signature of altermagnetism but has not been experimentally visualized to date.

Thermal expansion anisotropy of FeMo and FeMo μ-phases predicted using first-principles calculations.

The intermetallic μ-phase, which precipitates in steels and superalloys, can noticeably soften the mechanical properties of their matrix. Despite the importance of developing superalloys and steels, the thermodynamic properties and directions of thermal expansion of the μ-phase are still poorly studied. In this work, the thermal expansion paths, elastic, thermal and thermodynamic properties of the FeMo and FeMo μ-phases are studied using the first-principles-based quasi-harmonic Debye-Grüneisen approach.

Influence of Bi doping on the electronic structure of (Ga,Mn)As epitaxial layers.

The influence of the addition of Bi to the dilute ferromagnetic semiconductor (Ga,Mn)As on its electronic structure as well as on its magnetic and structural properties has been studied. Epitaxial (Ga,Mn)(Bi,As) layers of high structural perfection have been grown using low-temperature molecular-beam epitaxy. Post-growth annealing of the samples improves their structural and magnetic properties and increases the hole concentration in the layers.

Circular dichroism in hard X-ray photoelectron diffraction observed by time-of-flight momentum microscopy.

X-ray photoelectron diffraction (XPD) is a powerful technique that yields detailed structural information of solids and thin films that complements electronic structure measurements. Among the strongholds of XPD we can identify dopant sites, track structural phase transitions, and perform holographic reconstruction. High-resolution imaging of k-distributions (momentum microscopy) presents a new approach to core-level photoemission.

Application of an antibody microarray for serum protein profiling of coronary artery stenosis.

Protein expression profiling in the serum is used to identify novel biomarkers and investigate the signaling pathways in various diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate serum biomarkers associated with coronary artery stenosis resulting from atherosclerosis. The study included 4 groups of subjects: group A and B with and without coronary lesions, respectively, were selected from a previously reported cohort study on coronary atherosclerosis, control group C comprised of asymptomatic subjects and group D was used for independent validation of the microarray data by ELISA.

Direct observation of antiferromagnetic parity violation in the electronic structure of MnAu.

Using momentum microscopy with sub-m spatial resolution, allowing momentum resolved photoemission on individual antiferromagnetic domains, we observe an asymmetry in the electronic band structure,E(k)≠E(-k), in MnAu. This broken band structure parity originates from the combined time and parity symmetry,PT, of the antiferromagnetic order of the Mn moments, in connection with spin-orbit coupling. The spin-orbit interaction couples the broken parity to the Néel order parameter direction.

Optimal metrology with programmable quantum sensors.

Quantum sensors are an established technology that has created new opportunities for precision sensing across the breadth of science. Using entanglement for quantum enhancement will allow us to construct the next generation of sensors that can approach the fundamental limits of precision allowed by quantum physics. However, determining how state-of-the-art sensing platforms may be used to converge to these ultimate limits is an outstanding challenge.

CO Electroreduction on Silver Foams Modified by Ionic Liquids with Different Cation Side Chain Length.

Ionic liquids (ILs) are capable of tuning the kinetics of electroreduction processes by modifying a catalyst interface. In this work, a group of hydrophobic imidazolium-based ILs were immobilized on Ag foams by using a procedure known as "solid catalyst with ionic liquid layer" (SCILL). The derived electrocatalysts demonstrated altered selectivity and CO production rates for the electrochemical reduction of CO compared to the unmodified Ag foam.

Time-of-flight photoelectron momentum microscopy with 80-500 MHz photon sources: electron-optical pulse picker or bandpass pre-filter.

The small time gaps of synchrotron radiation in conventional multi-bunch mode (100-500 MHz) or laser-based sources with high pulse rate (∼80 MHz) are prohibitive for time-of-flight (ToF) based photoelectron spectroscopy. Detectors with time resolution in the 100 ps range yield only 20-100 resolved time slices within the small time gap. Here we present two techniques of implementing efficient ToF recording at sources with high repetition rate.

Parameters of cutaneous microvasculature in men of working age with newly diagnosed arterial hypertension.

Objective: To investigate structural and functional features of cutaneous microvasculature in men of working age with newly diagnosed arterial hypertension (AH).

Materials And Methods: The study included 161 apparently healthy men from 30 to 60 years, who underwent a comprehensive examination of cardiovascular system "from the heart to the capillaries". Control group (CG) included 60 normotensive men.

DETECTION OF IN THREE FILE SNAKES () IMPORTED FROM INDONESIA TO THE MOSCOW ZOO (RUSSIA).

Three file snakes () were delivered to the Moscow Zoo (Russia) from Jakarta (Indonesia). Shortly after arrival, multiple white blisters were detected on their bodies. All three snakes died within a month of arrival.

Electroreductive 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Dimerization on Carbon Electrodes.

The electrochemical conversion of biomass-based compounds to fuels and fuel precursors can aid the defossilization of the transportation sector. Herein, the electrohydrodimerization of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to the fuel precursor 5,5'-bis(hydroxymethyl)hydrofuroin (BHH) was investigated on different carbon electrodes. Compared to boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes, on glassy carbon (GC) electrodes a less negative HMF reduction onset potential and a switch in product selectivity from BHH to the electrocatalytic hydrogenation product 2,5-di(hydroxymethyl)furan (DHMF) with increasing overpotential was found.

Subpicosecond metamagnetic phase transition in FeRh driven by non-equilibrium electron dynamics.

Femtosecond light-induced phase transitions between different macroscopic orders provide the possibility to tune the functional properties of condensed matter on ultrafast timescales. In first-order phase transitions, transient non-equilibrium phases and inherent phase coexistence often preclude non-ambiguous detection of transition precursors and their temporal onset. Here, we present a study combining time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy and ab-initio electron dynamics calculations elucidating the transient subpicosecond processes governing the photoinduced generation of ferromagnetic order in antiferromagnetic FeRh.

Suppression of the vacuum space-charge effect in fs-photoemission by a retarding electrostatic front lens.

The performance of time-resolved photoemission experiments at fs-pulsed photon sources is ultimately limited by the e-e Coulomb interaction, downgrading energy and momentum resolution. Here, we present an approach to effectively suppress space-charge artifacts in momentum microscopes and photoemission microscopes. A retarding electrostatic field generated by a special objective lens repels slow electrons, retaining the k-image of the fast photoelectrons.

Development and Research of a Theoretical Model of the Magnetic Tunnel Junction.

Spin-dependent tunneling structures are widely used in many spintronic devices and sensors. This paper describes the magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) characteristics caused by the inhomogeneous magnetic field of ferromagnetic layers. The extremely oblate magnetic ellipsoids have been used to mimic these layers.

Temperature-dependent change of the electronic structure in the Kondo lattice system YbRhSi.

The heavy-fermion behavior in intermetallic compounds manifests itself in a quenching of local magnetic moments by developing Kondo spin-singlet many-body states combined with a drastic increase of the effective mass of conduction electrons, which occurs below the lattice Kondo temperature. This behavior is caused by interactions between the strongly localized 4electrons and itinerant electrons. A controversially discussed question in this context is how the localized electronic states contribute to the Fermi surface upon changing the temperature.

Single-hemisphere photoelectron momentum microscope with time-of-flight recording.

Photoelectron momentum microscopy is an emerging powerful method for angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES), especially in combination with imaging spin filters. These instruments record k-k images, typically exceeding a full Brillouin zone. As energy filters, double-hemispherical or time-of-flight (ToF) devices are in use.

Néel Vector Induced Manipulation of Valence States in the Collinear Antiferromagnet MnAu.

The coupling of real and momentum space is utilized to tailor electronic properties of the collinear metallic antiferromagnet MnAu by aligning the real space Néel vector indicating the direction of the staggered magnetization. Pulsed magnetic fields of 60 T were used to orient the sublattice magnetizations of capped epitaxial MnAu(001) thin films perpendicular to the applied field direction by a spin-flop transition. The electronic structure and its corresponding changes were investigated by angular-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with photon energies in the vacuum-ultraviolet, soft, and hard X-ray range.

MiRNA let-7 from TPO(+) Extracellular Vesicles is a Potential Marker for a Differential Diagnosis of Follicular Thyroid Nodules.

Background: The current approaches to distinguish follicular adenomas (FA) and follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) at the pre-operative stage have low predictive value. Liquid biopsy-based analysis of circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) presents a promising diagnostic method. However, the extreme heterogeneity of plasma EV population hampers the development of new diagnostic tests.