Approaches to the design of efficient and stable catalysts for biofuel reforming into syngas: doping the mesoporous MgAlO support with transition metal cations.

The mesoporous MgAlO support is promising for the design of efficient and stable to coking catalysts for natural gas and biofuel reforming into syngas. This work aims at doping this support with transition metal cations (Fe, Cr, Ti) to prevent the incorporation of Ni and rare-earth cations (Pr, Ce, Zr), loaded by impregnation, into its lattice along with providing additional sites for CO activation required to prevent coking. Doped MgAlMeO (Me = Fe, Ti, Cr) mesoporous supports prepared by the one-pot evaporation-induced self-assembly method with Pluronic P123 triblock copolymers were single-phase spinels.

"Liquid-To-Solid" Conversion of Biomass Wastes Enhanced by Uniform Nitrogen Doping for the Preparation of High-Value-Added Carbon Materials for Energy Storage with Superior Characteristics.

Sustainable human development urgently calls for decreasing the cost of energy storage. Continuous massive consumption of dedicated carbon electrode materials with complex internal molecular architectures requires rethinking both the source of materials and the process of their production. Finding an efficient sustainable solution is focused on the reuse and development of waste processing into corresponding high-value-added carbon materials.

Copper-Modified Titania-Based Photocatalysts for the Efficient Hydrogen Production under UV and Visible Light from Aqueous Solutions of Glycerol.

In this study, we have proposed titania-based photocatalysts modified with copper compounds for hydrogen evolution. Thermal pre-treatment of commercial TiO Degussa P25 (DTiO) and Hombifine N (HTiO) in the range from 600 to 800 °C was carried out followed by the deposition of copper oxides (1-10 wt. % of Cu).

Self-sustained oscillations in oxidation of methane over palladium: Experimental study and mathematical modeling.

An experimental study of the catalytic oxidation of methane over Pd foil in a flow reactor revealed that regular temporal oscillations in the reaction rate can arise at atmospheric pressure under methane-rich conditions. CO, CO, H, and HO were detected as products. The oscillations of partial pressures of products and reactants in the gas phase were accompanied by oscillations of the catalyst temperature.

Promoting effect of Zn in high-loading Zn/Ni-SiO catalysts for selective hydrogen evolution from methylcyclohexane.

The dehydrogenation of methylcyclohexane to toluene was investigated over high-loading monometallic Ni-SiO and bimetallic Zn/Ni-SiO catalysts. The catalysts were prepared by the impregnation coupled with the advantageous heterophase sol-gel technique. Their performance was tested in a fixed-bed flow reactor at 250-350 °C, 0.

Low Temperature Multilayer Adsorption of Methanol and Ethanol on Platinum.

Adsorption of methanol and ethanol on the clean Pt (111) surface was studied at temperatures between 80 and 130 K using polarization-modulation infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS). It was shown that adsorption of methanol at 80 K leads to the formation of amorphous solid methanol, and fast crystallization of the amorphous phase occurs upon warming at 100 K. Vapor deposition of methanol at 100 K directly leads to the formation of well-crystallized layers of solid methanol.

Size and structure effects on platinum nanocatalysts: theoretical insights from methanol dehydrogenation.

Methanol dehydrogenation on Pt nanoparticles was studied as a model reaction with the focus on size and structure effects employing the density functional theory approach. The effect of cluster morphology is manifested by the higher adsorption energy of COH intermediates on vertexes and edges of model nanoparticles compared to closely packed terraces. Moreover, due to the size effect, the adsorption sites of Pt nanoparticles (1.

Study of Reduction of MnCoO Mixed Oxides: The Role of Manganese Content.

A series of Mn-Co mixed oxides with a gradual variation of the Mn/Co molar ratio were prepared by coprecipitation of cobalt and manganese nitrates. The structure, chemistry, and reducibility of the oxides were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray absorption spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and temperature-programmed reduction (TPR). It was found that at concentrations of Mn below 37 atom %, a solid solution with a cubic spinel structure is formed.

Ni-Cu High-Loaded Sol-Gel Catalysts for Dehydrogenation of Liquid Organic Hydrides: Insights into Structural Features and Relationship with Catalytic Activity.

The heightened interest in liquid organic hydrogen carriers encourages the development of catalysts suitable for multicycle use. To ensure high catalytic activity and selectivity, the structure-reactivity relationship must be extensively investigated. In this study, high-loaded Ni-Cu catalysts were considered for the dehydrogenation of methylcyclohexane.

New titania-based photocatalysts for hydrogen production from aqueous-alcoholic solutions of methylene blue.

A series of CuO -TiO photocatalysts were prepared using fresh and thermally activated Evonik Aeroxide P25 titanium dioxide. The photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, XANES, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and N adsorption technique. Photocatalytic activity of the samples was tested in hydrogen production from aqueous-alcoholic solutions of methylene blue under UV radiation ( = 386 nm).

CuFeAl Nanocomposite Catalysts for Coal Combustion in Fluidized Bed.

A method of oil-drop granulation was suggested for the preparation of spherical CuFeAl nanocomposite catalysts. The catalysts were characterized by a set of physicochemical methods (X-ray diffraction, temperature-programmed reduction by H, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption, crushing strength) and tested in the oxidation of CO and burning of brown coal in a fluidized bed. It was found that the catalysts have high mechanical strength (16.

The Influence of Cu and Al Additives on Reduction of Iron(III) Oxide: In Situ XRD and XANES Study.

The reduction of Fe-based nanocomposite catalysts doped with Al and Cu has been studied using in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD), in situ X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES), and temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) techniques. The catalysts have been synthesized by melting of iron, aluminum, and copper salts. According to XRD, the catalysts consist mainly of FeO and AlO phases.

Experimental Study and Mathematical Modeling of Self-Sustained Kinetic Oscillations in Catalytic Oxidation of Methane over Nickel.

The self-sustained kinetic oscillations in the oxidation of CH over Ni foil have been studied at atmospheric pressure using an X-ray diffraction technique and mass spectrometry. It has been shown that the regular oscillations appear under oxygen-deficient conditions; CO, CO, H, and HO are detected as the products. According to in situ X-ray diffraction measurements, nickel periodically oxidizes to NiO initiating the reaction-rate oscillations.

Iron tetrasulfophthalocyanine immobilized on metal organic framework MIL-101: synthesis, characterization and catalytic properties.

Iron tetrasulfophthalocyanine (FePcS) has been irreversibly inserted into nanocages of the metal organic framework MIL-101 to give a hybrid material FePcS/MIL-101 which demonstrated a superior catalytic performance in the selective oxidation of aromatic substrates with (t)BuOOH than homogeneous FePcS.