Anatomical Variants of Internal Carotid Artery-Results from a Retrospective Study.

: The internal carotid artery (ICA) is a vascular structure that can be easily injured during sinus endoscopic procedures, and surgeons should be familiar with its anatomic variants. The aim of this study was to describe the anatomical variations in the internal carotid artery in relationship to sphenoidal sinuses, using computed tomography (CT). In this retrospective study, we evaluated the variations of the ICA in relationship to sphenoidal sinuses in a cohort of 600 patients who were assessed between January 2020 and December 2022 in 'Saint Spiridon' Emergency Hospital, Iasi, Romania.

The anatomo-radiological study of unusual extrasinusal pneumatizations: superior and supreme turbinate, crista galli process, uncinate process.

Introduction: One of the aspects that have an influence on rhinosinusal endoscopic surgery is extrasinusal pneumatization, which can also affect less common structures at this level. The pneumatization of the superior and supreme turbinates, uncinate process and crista galli are perfect examples of this situation. The diagnosis is made only through imaging methods.

[Anatomical variations of landmarks in endoscopic surgery of the paranasal sinuses revealed by MRI imaging].

Continue development of endoscopic techniques of rinosinusal approach involves knowledge about the anatomy of this region, with a three-dimensional orientation before surgery, a therapeutic plan well thought, anticipating the gesture controller, taking into account the particularities of each case. Endoscopic surgical anatomic variants parts at this level can be well identified by imaging methods (CT, MRI). CT study of patients who are candidates for surgery Fess is on top, as the technique of choice.