Sex Estimation Using Heel-Ball Index: A Metric-Based Comparative Study on Foot and Footprint Dimensions.

Sexual dimorphism plays a vital role in individual identification, and body dimensions can contribute to establishing a biological profile for identification purposes. To determine the reliability of the Heel-Ball Index (HBI) in estimating sex from foot dimensions and footprint dimensions and also to investigate the potential of dimensions and indices, using a standardized value, in estimating sex, from foot dimensions and footprint dimensions. In this study, a group of 112 young Indian adults aged 18 to 22, consisting of 56 males and 56 females, was examined.

Analysis of mcr family of colistin resistance genes in Gram-negative isolates from a tertiary care hospital in India.

Aim: Colistin serves as the drug of last resort for combating numerous multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative infections. Its efficacy is hampered by the prevalent issue of colistin resistance, which severely limits treatment options for critically ill patients. Identifying resistance genes is crucial for controlling resistance spread, with horizontal gene transfer being the primary mechanism among bacteria.

Codesign and Launch of 'On the Ball': An Inclusive Community-Based 'Testicular Awareness' Campaign.

Introduction: Increased awareness of testicular diseases can lead to early diagnosis. Evidence suggests that men's awareness of testicular diseases is low, with many expressing their willingness to delay help-seeking for symptoms of concern. The risk of testicular diseases is higher in gender and sexual minority groups.

A Study on Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Related to Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Students of Nonmedical Background in Manipal, India.

Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are one of the major public health problems in India with adolescents being a vulnerable section of the affected population. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), one in twenty adolescents contracts an STI every year, excluding the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other viral infections. It is important to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices related to STIs among adolescents and young adults of non-medical backgrounds to educate them properly about protective and preventive measures and to allay misconceptions, if any.

Promoting 'testicular awareness': Co-design of an inclusive campaign using the World Café Methodology.

Introduction: Testicular cancer is the most common cancer in men aged 15-44 years in many countries. Most men with testicular cancer present with a lump. Testicular symptoms are more likely to occur secondary to benign diseases like epididymo-orchitis, a common sexually transmitted infection.

Integrons as the potential targets for combating multidrug resistance in Enterobacteriaceae using CRISPR- Cas9 technique.

The emergence of multi-drug resistance (MDR) to pan-drug resistance (PDR) in Enterobacteriaceae has made treatment extremely challenging. Genetic mutations and horizontal gene transfer (HGT) through mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were frequently associated mechanisms of drug resistance in pathogens. However, transposons, plasmids, and integrons transfer MDR genes in bacterium via HGT much faster.

Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis: A peculiar presentation of scrub typhus.

Scrub typhus is a disease endemic to the Indian subcontinent caused by the obligate intracellular pleomorphic organism, . Scrub typhus, among other acute febrile illnesses, manifests as prodromal symptoms of fever, malaise, myalgia and anorexia followed by a distinct maculopapular rash, hepatosplenomegaly and lymphadenopathy. We report the case of a patient presenting to tertiary care hospital in southern India in 2021 who developed a rare cutaneous vasculitis secondary to infection with .

Clinico-Pathological Correlation in Dermatological Disorders: A Retrospective Audit of 332 Skin Biopsies from a Tertiary Care Center.

Background: Skin biopsy is a frequently employed tool by the dermatologists with several factors that are known to influence its diagnostic yield as well as interpretation. The objective of our study was to analyze the clinico-pathological concordance and discordance rates in various dermatological conditions and study the factors affecting the same. Materials and.

Cutaneous ulceration as a presenting feature of type 1 lepra reaction: A case report.

Reactions in leprosy represent sudden shift in the immunological response and are seen in 11-25% of affected patients. It can be seen before, during or after the completion of multidrug therapy (MDT). Two types of reactions are recognized; Type 1 reaction (T1R), seen in borderline leprosy, affecting mainly skin and nerves; type 2 reaction (T2R) or erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL), seen in lepromatous leprosy, characterized by systemic features in addition to cutaneous lesions.

Hair Loss in Children: A Clinicoetiological Study from South India.

Background: Scalp hair loss in children is one of the common complaints encountered in dermatological practice. Accurate diagnosis of hair loss in children is of major significance as it can have severe psychological implications given the cosmetic importance of hair.

Aims: This study aims to study the different causes and clinical presentations of scalp hair loss in children.

Efficacy of 810 nm diode laser in hair reduction in Indian subpopulation using a novel Gabor filter-based detection software and hair algorithm.

Background: Diode laser (810 nm) is frequently employed for hair reduction. There are few studies determining the efficacy in Indian population.

Objectives: Assessment of efficacy and safety of 810 nm diode laser in facial/axillary hair reduction and objective assessment of the improvement with dermoscopy, photographs, and novel Gabor filter-based hair detection algorithm.

Utility of Immunofluorescence Antigen Mapping in Hereditary Epidermolysis Bullosa.

Background: Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is characterized by blisters and erosions on the trauma-prone areas of the body. It occurs as a result of mutation in the genes encoding structural proteins. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is considered the gold standard test in the laboratory diagnosis of EB.

Comparative analysis of different methods used for molecular characterization of Burkholderia cepacia complex isolated from noncystic fibrosis conditions.

Purpose: Burkholderia is a Gram-negative opportunistic bacterium capable of causing severe nosocomial infections. The aim of this study was to characterize Burkholderia cepacia complex and to compare different molecular methods used in its characterization.

Methods: In this study, 45 isolates of Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) isolated from clinical cases were subjected to RAPD (Random amplified polymorphic DNA), recA-RFLP (Restriction fragment length polymorphism), 16SrDNA-RFLP, whole-cell protein analysis, recA DNA sequencing and biofilm assay.

Serration pattern analysis as a practical adjunct tool for categorization of subepidermal autoimmune blistering diseases.

Background: Serration pattern analysis helps in the classification of subepidermal autoimmune blistering disorders; more precisely, it helps to differentiate epidermolysis bullosa acquisita from other subepidermal autoimmune blistering disorders. Most of the published reports of this tool have come from a single center.

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to study the utility of serration pattern analysis in classifying subepidermal autoimmune blistering disorders.

Evaluation of Potential Drug-Drug Interactions with Medications Prescribed to Geriatric Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Background And Objectives: The drugs most commonly implicated in major potential interactions are those used in the day-to-day clinical management of elderly patients with chronic diseases. This study is planned to evaluate the profile of drug-drug interactions in the medications prescribed to elderly population and also to identify the possible predictors for potential drug-drug interactions in the elderly.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included patients aged above 60 years with a minimum of two drugs in the prescriptions.

Utility of immunofluorescence in dermatology.

Immunofluorescence (IF) tests have redefined our understanding of many immune-mediated skin diseases, especially autoimmune blistering diseases (AIBDs). Nomenclature of certain AIBDs (for example, linear IgA diseases and IgA pemphigus) has been done based solely on the finding of tissue-bound immunoreactants as detected by IF tests. Direct and indirect are the two major types of IF tests; they are not only useful in the diagnosis but also guide the clinician in the treatment at least in certain AIBDs, as the titer of circulating antibodies as detected by IF reflects the disease activity.