Identification of Early Risk Factors for Mortality in Pediatric Veno-Arterial Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation: The Patient Matters.

Objective: Pediatric Veno-Arterial Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation (VA ECMO) is a life saving technology associated with high mortality. A successful VA ECMO course requires attention to multiple aspects of patient care, including ECMO and patient parameters. Early, potentially modifiable, risk factors associated with patient mortality should be analyzed and adjusted for when assessing VA ECMO risk profiles.

Which adults aged 65 and older are at low-risk for cervical spine injuries after low-level falls?

Objectives: The population is aging and falls are a common reason for emergency department visits. Appropriate imaging in this population is important. The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of cervical spine injury and identify factors associated with cervical spine injuries in adults ≥ 65 years after low-level falls.

Emergency physician gender and head computed tomography orders for older adults who have fallen.

Objective: Physicians vary in their computed tomography (CT) scan usage. It remains unclear how physician gender relates to clinical practice or patient outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess the association between physician gender and decision to order head CT scans for older emergency patients who had fallen.

Formulation and In Vitro-Ex vivo Evaluation of Cannabidiol and Cannabidiol-Valine-Hemisuccinate Loaded Lipid-Based Nanoformulations for Ocular Applications.

The goal of this investigation is to develop stable ophthalmic nanoformulations containing cannabidiol (CBD) and its analog cannabidiol-valine-hemisuccinate (CBD-VHS) for improved ocular delivery. Two nanoformulations, nanoemulsion (NE) and nanomicelles (NMC), were developed and evaluated for physicochemical characteristics, drug-excipient compatibility, sterilization, thermal analysis, surface morphology, ex-vivo transcorneal permeation, corneal deposition, and stability. The saturation solubility studies revealed that among the surfactants tested, Cremophor EL had the highest solubilizing capacity for CBD (23.

Improved Topical Ophthalmic Natamycin Suspension for the Treatment of Fungal Keratitis.

Natamycin (NT) is used as a first-line antifungal prescription in the treatment of fungal keratitis (FK) and is commercially available as a 5% w/v ophthalmic suspension. NT shows poor water solubility and light sensitivity. Thus, the present investigation is aimed to enhance the fraction of NT in solution in the commercial formulation by adding cyclodextrins (CDs), thereby improving the delivery of the drug into deeper ocular tissues.

Derivation of the Falls Decision Rule to exclude intracranial bleeding without head CT in older adults who have fallen.

Background: Ground-level falls are common among older adults and are the most frequent cause of traumatic intracranial bleeding. The aim of this study was to derive a clinical decision rule that safely excludes clinically important intracranial bleeding in older adults who present to the emergency department after a fall, without the need for a computed tomography (CT) scan of the head.

Methods: This prospective cohort study in 11 emergency departments in Canada and the United States enrolled patients aged 65 years or older who presented after falling from standing on level ground, off a chair or toilet seat, or out of bed.

Patterns of multiple chronic conditions in pregnancy: Population-based study using latent class analysis.

Background: Adults with multiple chronic conditions (MCC) are a heterogeneous population with elevated risk of future adverse health outcomes. Yet, despite the increasing prevalence of MCC globally, data about MCC in pregnancy are scarce.

Objectives: To estimate the population prevalence of MCC in pregnancy and determine whether certain types of chronic conditions cluster together among pregnant women with MCC.

Gatifloxacin Loaded Nano Lipid Carriers for the Management of Bacterial Conjunctivitis.

Bacterial conjunctivitis (BC) entails inflammation of the ocular mucous membrane. Early effective treatment of BC can prevent the spread of the infection to the intraocular tissues, which could lead to bacterial endophthalmitis or serious visual disability. In 2003, gatifloxacin (GTX) eyedrops were introduced as a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone to treat BC.