Promotora intervention for metabolic and mental health to reduce type 2 diabetes risk: a pilot randomized controlled trial.

The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate a novel behavioral intervention (PRIME2) that integrates evidence-based approaches for reducing diabetes risk and perceived stress. We conducted a pilot randomized controlled trial of the 16-session PRIME2 intervention vs. usual care among 40 Spanish-speaking Latinx adults with prediabetes and body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m.

Heat stable and intrinsically sterile liquid protein formulations.

Over 80% of biologic drugs, and 90% of vaccines, require temperature-controlled conditions throughout the supply chain to minimize thermal inactivation and contamination. This cold chain is costly, requires stringent oversight, and is impractical in remote environments. Here, we report chemical dispersants that non-covalently solvate proteins within fluorous liquids to alter their thermodynamic equilibrium and reduce conformational flexibility.

Assessment of the available evidence for the use of 7-Tesla (T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in neurological and musculoskeletal disorders, with comparison to 3-T and 1.5-T MRI: A systematic scoping review.

Background: Ultra-high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at a field strength of 7 Tesla (T) has marked a significant milestone in diagnostic imaging since it was approved for clinical use in 2017. Despite the potential to improve image analysis by advances in signal-to-noise ratio, and improved spatial resolution and metabolic imaging, the clinical implementation of 7-T MRI remains limited. Factors that contribute to this limited availability are the high price, the operating costs, the need for specifically educated personnel, and lack of evidence of clinical benefit.

A polygeneric immunogen composed of 22 venoms from sub-Saharan African snakes to expand the neutralization scope of the EchiTAb-plus-ICP antivenom.

Recent research suggests that a polygeneric immunogen made from the venoms of the most medically important viperid and elapid snakes in sub-Saharan Africa could elicit a broader antibody response in horses compared to the current EchiTAb-plus-ICP antivenom, especially against neurotoxic elapid venoms. To test this, 25 horses that have been regularly immunized to produce this antivenom were reimmunized with an immunogen containing 22 venoms from various snake species from the genera , , , and both spitting and non-spitting . The plasma collected from these horses was processed using the caprylic acid method to produce an industrial-scale freeze-dried antivenom.

Biomathematical model to analyze the transmission dynamics of Covid-19: Case study, Santiago de Cali, Colombia.

The Covid-19 pandemic has challenged both the scientific community and government authorities in Colombia. Both sectors are collaborating to understand the transmission and spread of the virus and to establish control strategies. This study proposes a biomathematical model with difference equations to analyze the transmission of Covid-19 in Santiago de Cali from March 2020 to June 2022.

Fermented Quinoa and Canihua in Plant-Based Diets Increase Iron and Zinc Bioavailability in Growing Rats.

This study aimed at evaluating the effects of non-fermented and fermented pseudocereal flours, quinoa and canihua, on iron and zinc bioavailability in Wistar rats. Two diets prepared with 92% fermented quinoa or 79.5% fermented canihua were compared with diets prepared with the same amount of non-fermented pseudocereals.

Fractionation of Winemaking Grape Stalks by Subcritical Water Extraction to Obtain Added-Value Products.

Grape stalks (GSs) from winemaking were submitted to a green process to valorise its lignocellulosic biomass that applied subcritical water extraction (SWE) at 170 °C and 180 °C to obtain active extracts and cellulose-enriched fractions. The sum of the total phenolic content of the soluble extract and the solid residue fractions from the SWE exceeded that of the GS, which suggests the generation of compounds with antioxidant properties through SWE. All SWE fractions showed high antioxidant power.

How best to choose an oscillometer and reference equations for your patients with asthma.

The use of oscillometry has significantly advanced in recent years, thanks to the availability of more robust and portable measurement devices. However, a major drawback is the variability among different devices, which leads to noninterchangeable results. This lack of standardization has prevented the establishment of widely accepted reference equations, complicating the implementation of oscillometry in clinical practice.

Assessing the spread of sulfachloropyridazine in poultry environment and its impact on Escherichia coli resistance.

Sulfachloropyridazine (SCP) is an antimicrobial (AM) commonly used in the poultry industry. This drug is excreted as the original compound, which may accumulate in litter. This work was done to assess whether SCP residues from droppings of broiler chickens that were treated with therapeutic doses of this drug spread into the production environment and to determine if these events were associated with the selection of resistant bacteria.

Biocompatible Zn-Phthalocyanine/Gelatin Nanofiber Membrane for Antibacterial Therapy.

In this study, the fabrication and characterization of Zn-phthalocyanine/gelatin nanofibrous membranes is reported using the electrospinning technique. The membranes exhibit a homogeneous distribution of Zn-phthalocyanine within the gelatin matrix, maintaining the structural integrity and photosensitizing properties of the phthalocyanine. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the electrospun fibers possess diameters ranging results as 100-300, 200-700, and 300-800 nm for Gel, ZnPc/Gel 1, and ZnPc/Gel 2, respectively.

[Multidisciplinary consensus on the use of SGLT-2 inhibitors in chilean clinical practice using the GRADE methodology].

The Chilean consensus on the use of SGLT-2 inhibitors (iSGLT-2) in clinical practice, jointly developed by the societies of Cardiology, Diabetes, Family Medicine, and Nephrology, strongly recommends the use of these drugs in people with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, type 2 diabetes mellitus for prevention of cardiovascular events, and chronic kidney disease. In heart failure with preserved or mildly reduced ejection fraction, and chronic kidney disease without diabetes, the consensus suggests the use of iSGLT-2. The importance of combining iSGLT-2 with ACE inhibitors or ARBs in chronic kidney disease is highlighted, and their use is recommended to replace sulfonylureas as a second-line treatment for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes.

Health advocacy and moral distress among nurses in organ transplant units.

Background: Health advocacy is crucial for both patients and healthcare professionals. However, nurses who recognize the importance of health advocacy may experience heightened moral distress, particularly in complex donation and transplantation cases where patient autonomy, respect, and advocacy are paramount.

Aim: To identify the factors contributing to moral distress among nurses working in solid organ transplant units at a university hospital in São Paulo, with a focus on health advocacy.

Reference equations for DLNO and DLCO in Mexican Hispanics: influence of altitude and race.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate pulmonary diffusing capacity for nitric oxide (DLNO) and pulmonary diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) in Mexican Hispanics born and raised at 2240 m altitude (midlanders) compared with those born and raised at sea level (lowlanders). It also aimed to assess the effectiveness of race-specific reference equations for pulmonary diffusing capacity (white people vs Mexican Hispanics) in minimising root mean square errors (RMSE) compared with race-neutral equations.

Methods: DLNO, DLCO, alveolar volume (VA) and gas transfer coefficients (KNO and KCO) were measured in 392 Mexican Hispanics (5 to 78 years) and compared with 1056 white subjects (5 to 95 years).

A Death for Guillain-Barrè Syndrome After Receiving a COVID-19 Vaccine: A Case Report.

The virus SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) causes COVID-19, a potentially fatal disease. The COVID-19 vaccine is indicated for active immunization to prevent COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2. We reported the case of a 66-year-old woman with a medical history of hypertension and anxious-depressive syndrome who developed Guillain Barré Syndrome (GBS) 4 weeks after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine.

Key informant perspectives on overcoming HPV vaccination barriers in low-immunization NY counties.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is an important public health concern, with nearly 2,900 cases of HPV-related cancers reported in New York State (NYS) each year. Despite concerted efforts to enhance vaccine uptake in NYS, HPV vaccination rates among 13-15-year-olds failed to meet the 2020 healthy People target, and continue to lag behind the 2030 goal, of 80%. In counties with low immunization levels, understanding factors influencing decision-making among unvaccinated adolescents is crucial.

Two draft genomes of fungal leaf endophytes from tropical gymnosperms.

Two ascomycetes, sp. and sp. were isolated from healthy leaves of the tropical gymnosperms (Z2) and (Z50) from Panama.