A best practice guide for conducting healthy food retail research: A resource for researchers and health promotion practitioners.

Retail food environments play a pivotal role in influencing dietary behaviors, and therefore have huge potential as settings for promoting good nutrition and preventing obesity. Conducting research in retail settings can be challenging due to the varied motivations of the parties involved and the complex nature of retail environments. To improve the quality and consistency of research in this field, we have identified 16 thematic topics aimed at guiding researchers and public health practitioners on how to conduct healthy food retail research.

Extracting the fingerprints of sequences of random rhythmic auditory stimuli from electrophysiological data.

It has been classically conjectured that the brain assigns probabilistic models to sequences of stimuli. An important issue associated with this conjecture is the identification of the classes of models used by the brain to perform this task. We address this issue by using a new clustering procedure for sets of electroencephalographic (EEG) data recorded from participants exposed to a sequence of auditory stimuli generated by a stochastic chain.

L-carnitine protects against oxidative damage and neuroinflammation in cerebral cortex of rats submitted to chronic chemically-induced model of hyperphenylalaninemia.

Phenylketonuria is a genetic disorder characterized by high phenylalanine levels, the main toxic metabolite of the disease. Hyperphenylalaninemia can cause neurological impairment. In order to avoid this symptomatology, patients typically follow a phenylalanine-free diet supplemented with a synthetic formula that provides essential amino acids, including L-carnitine.

Non-Classical Complications of Adult-Onset Still's Disease: A Multicenter Spanish Study.

To investigate the prevalence and clinical spectrum of atypical or non-classical complications in adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) beyond macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) and to identify factors linked to their occurrence. Multicenter cross-sectional study of AODS cases included in the Spanish registry on Still's disease. This study included 107 patients (67% women), of whom 64 (59.

[Tuberculosis Profile in Chile: Effect of Migration, Overcrowding and Income on Tuberculosis and Its Spatial Distribution].

Aim: To analyze tuberculosis (TB) incidence, demographic profiles, and associated risk factors in migrant and national populations, in order to understand the impact of migration, overcrowding, and socioeconomic factors on TB prevalence and care-seeking behaviors.

Material And Methods: Data from various communes within the Metropolitan Region and other parts of the national territory were analyzed to assess TB incidence, demographic characteristics, and care-seeking behaviors among migrant and national populations.

Results: TB disproportionately affects males in both migrant and national populations.

Systematic Literature Review of Access Pathways to Drugs for Patients with Rare Diseases.

Objective: This article reviews the assessment pathways that have been implemented worldwide to facilitate access to drugs for patients with rare diseases.

Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used to conduct a systematic literature review. The Ovid (Embase/MEDLINE), Cochrane, Web of Science, Econlit, National Institute of Health Research, Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, and International Network of Agencies for Health Technology Assessment databases were searched.

Analysis on the Propagation and Assembly of Metallic Nanoparticles through Subwavelength Apertures with Overlapping Electrical Double Layers.

Hybrid nanoplasmonic structures composed of subwavelength apertures in metallic films and nanoparticles have recently been demonstrated as ultrasensitive plasmonic sensors. This work investigates the electrokinetically driven propagation of the assembly mechanism of the metallic nanoparticles through nanoapertures. The Debye-Hückel approximation for a symmetric electrolyte solution with overlapping electrical double layers (EDLs) is used to obtain an analytical solution to the problem.

Five-Year Outcomes of Moderately Hypofractionated Proton Therapy Incorporating Elective Pelvic Nodal Irradiation for High-Risk Prostate Cancer.

Purpose: To assess the efficacy of moderately hypofractionated intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT) targeting the prostate/seminal vesicles and pelvic lymph nodes for high-risk (HR) or unfavorable intermediate-risk (UIR) prostate cancer (PCa).

Materials And Methods: A prospective study (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02874014) of moderately hypofractionated IMPT accrued a target sample size of 56 patients with HR or UIR-PCa.

Adapting a mobile TB screening unit to provide integrated screening services and linkage to primary care.

Objective: We adapted a mobile TB screening unit to create an integrated screening program for noncommunicable diseases and TB, using community health worker (CHW) navigators to support linkage to care. We piloted the model in underserved communities of Lima, Peru, evaluating its feasibility, acceptability, and ability to continue supporting TB case detection.

Design: The program provided screening for TB, hypertension, diabetes, and depression and was rebranded to avoid TB-associated stigma.

Five-Year Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Positron Emission Tomography-Based Outcomes of Spot-Scanning Proton Radiation Therapy for Localized Prostate Cancer: A Single Institution Experience.

Purpose: We report 5-year oncologic outcomes of a prospective series of patients with prostate cancer treated with spot-scanning proton therapy (SSPT).

Methods And Materials: A prospective registry identified patients with prostate cancer treated with SSPT between January 2016 and December 2018. Five-year overall survival, local control, biochemical failure, regional and distant failures, and adverse events (AEs) were assessed.

Neurodegenerative biomarkers and inflammation in patients with propionic and methylmalonic acidemias: effect of L-carnitine treatment.

Propionic and methylmalonic acidemias (PAcidemia and MMAcidemia, respectively) are genetic disorders characterized by acute metabolic decompensation and neurological complications. L-carnitine (LC) is effective in reducing toxic metabolites that are related to the pathophysiology of these diseases. Therefore we investigated biomarkers of inflammation (cytokines and C-reactive protein (CRP)), neurodegeneration (BDNF, NCAM-1 and cathepsin-D) and biomolecules oxidation (sulfhydryl content and thiobarbituric acid-reactive species (TBARS)), as well as carnitine concentrations in untreated patients with PAcidemia and MMAcidemia, in patients under treatment with LC and a protein-restricted diet for until 2 years and in patients under the same treatment for more than 2 years.

Benthic foraminifera as bio-indicators of natural and anthropogenic conditions in Roscoff Aber Bay (Brittany, France).

Living benthic foraminifera, known as environmental bio-indicators of both natural and anthropogenic conditions in marine environments, were investigated in the coastal environment of Roscoff Aber Bay (Brittany, France). Eight sampling sites subject to natural variations (freshwater inputs, tides) and/or anthropogenic impacts (pollution, eutrophication) were studied over four seasons in 2021-2022 (November, February, May, August). We sought to understand the spatial distribution of foraminiferal populations within and between sampling sites over the different seasons and to identify sensitive species and those tolerant to anthropogenic impacts.

Inflammation and lipoperoxidation in mucopolysaccharidoses type II patients at diagnosis and post-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Introduction: Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II) is caused by deficiency of the enzyme iduronate-2-sulfatase; one possible therapy for MPS II is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). It is established that there is excessive production of reactive species in MPS II patients, which can trigger several processes, such as the inflammatory cascade.

Objectives: Our aim was to outline an inflammatory profile and lipoperoxidation of MPS II patients for a better understanding of disease and possible benefits that HSCT can bring in these processes.

Co-creation in public health research: an introduction to basic principles.

Co-creation is a participatory design approach that leverages the experiential knowledge of non-academic actors. It is increasingly adopted in public health research to enhance the relevance, acceptability, and impact of interventions. This perspective article provides a practical introduction to co-creation, its application, and benefits and considerations for public health researchers.

Long-term enzyme replacement therapy in Fabry patients protects against oxidative and inflammatory process.

Fabry disease (FD) is an X-linked recessive lysosomal storage disorder, characterized by a deficiency of α-galactosidase, which causes the progressive accumulation of glycosphingolipids, especially globotriaosylsphingosine (Gb3), in lysosomes across multiple organs. Substrate deposition, associated with tissue damage in FD, also contributes to the emergence of a pro-inflammatory state presented by some patients. We investigated pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and the expression of inflammation-associated genes in treated FD patients, as well as oxidative parameters.

Ethnic diversity in Chilean blood groups: A comprehensive analysis of genotypes, phenotypes, alleles and the immunogenic potential of antigens in northern, southern and central regions.

Background And Objectives: The available information on blood groups in the Chilean population is derived from studies on aboriginal cohorts and routine serological test results. The purpose of this study is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of genotypes, phenotypes and blood group alleles in donors from northern, central and southern Chile using molecular methods.

Materials And Methods: Overall, 850 samples from donors in northern, central and southern Chile were genotyped.

Adenosine Metabolism Pathway Alterations in Frontal Cortical Neurons in Schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia is a neuropsychiatric illness characterized by altered neurotransmission, in which adenosine, a modulator of glutamate and dopamine, plays a critical role that is relatively unexplored in the human brain. In the present study, postmortem human brain tissue from the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) of individuals with schizophrenia ( = 20) and sex- and age-matched control subjects without psychiatric illness ( = 20) was obtained from the Bronx-Mount Sinai NIH Brain and Tissue Repository. Enriched populations of ACC pyramidal neurons were isolated using laser microdissection (LMD).

O short-branch Microsporidia, where art thou? Identifying diversity hotspots for future sampling.

Short-branch Microsporidia were previously shown to form a basal grade within the expanded Microsporidia clade and to branch near the classical, long-branch Microsporidia. Although they share simpler versions of some morphological characteristics, they do not show accelerated evolutionary rates, making them ideal candidates to study the evolutionary trajectories that have led to long-branch microsporidian unique characteristics. However, most sequences assigned to the short-branch Microsporidia are undescribed, novel environmental lineages for which the identification requires knowledge of where they can be found.

How marine are Marine Stramenopiles (MAST)? A cross-system evaluation.

Marine Stramenopiles (MAST) were first described two decades ago through ribosomal RNA gene (rRNA gene) sequences from marine surveys of microbial eukaryotes. MAST comprise several independent lineages at the base of the Stramenopiles. Despite their prevalence in the ocean, the majority of MAST diversity remains uncultured.

Outcomes Associated with Healthcare-Associated Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Children's Hospitals.

To determine if healthcare-associated (HA)-respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is associated with worse outcomes, this multicenter cohort study studied 26 children with HA-RSV and 78 matched non-HA-RSV patients of whom 58% and 55%, respectively, had ≥2 comorbidities. Overall, 39% of HA-RSV versus 18% of non-HA-RSV patients required respiratory support escalation (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 5.1, CI95 1.

Sex disparities in gallstone disease: insights from the MAUCO prospective population-based cohort study.

Objective: To investigate factors associated with the prevalence and incidence of gallstone disease (GSD) in women and men of the MAUCO population-based prospective cohort.

Design: 8948 MAUCO participants (aged 38-74 years) underwent abdominal ultrasound at baseline (2015-2019); 4385 received follow-up ultrasound at years 2 or 4. Factors associated with prevalent GSD were assessed using Poisson multiple regression and with incident GSD using Cox regression models.