#Skinny girls: young girls' learning processes and health-related social media.

This paper provides in-depth knowledge into young girls' learning processes in relation to physical activity, diet/nutrition and body image. Data were generated from interviews with 49 girls (age 13-15) in England. The practical epistemological analysis technique was used to explore young people as both producers and consumers, or prosumers, of content and knowledge.

Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Prebiotic Enriched Infant Formula-A Randomized Controlled Trial.

The present study aims to evaluate the effects of an infant formula supplemented with a mixture of prebiotic short and long chain inulin-type oligosaccharides on health outcomes, safety and tolerance, as well as on fecal microbiota composition during the first year of life. In a prospective, multicenter, randomized, double-blind study, = 160 healthy term infants under 4 months of age were randomized to receive either an infant formula enriched with 0.8 g/dL of OraftiSynergy1 or an unsupplemented control formula until the age of 12 months.

Guideline for wireless capsule endoscopy in children and adolescents: A consensus document by the SEGHNP (Spanish Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition) and the SEPD (Spanish Society for Digestive Diseases).

Introduction: Capsule Endoscopy (CE) in children has limitations based mainly on age. The objective of this consensus was reviewing the scientific evidence.

Material And Methods: Some experts from the Spanish Society of Gastroenterology (SEPD) and Spanish Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (SEGHNP) were invited to answer different issues about CE in children.

[Quantitative analysis of nutrient intake in children under 3 years old. ALSALMA study].

Objective: The objective of the study was to analyze the nutritional patterns of children under three years of age and to compare the results against the recommendations for energy and nutrient intake.

Patients And Methods: In this cross-sectional epidemiological study, parents completed a dietary diary on their food intake of their children on 4 non-consecutive days. The percentage of children with mean intakes below the recommendations for each age and nutrient was analyzed using the "Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) cut-point method.

The HLA-DQ2 genotype selects for early intestinal microbiota composition in infants at high risk of developing coeliac disease.

Objective: Intestinal dysbiosis has been associated with coeliac disease (CD), but whether the alterations are cause or consequence of the disease is unknown. This study investigated whether the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ2 genotype is an independent factor influencing the early gut microbiota composition of healthy infants at family risk of CD.

Design: As part of a larger prospective study, a subset (n=22) of exclusively breastfed and vaginally delivered infants with either high genetic risk (HLA-DQ2 carriers) or low genetic risk (non-HLA-DQ2/8 carriers) of developing CD were selected from a cohort of healthy infants with at least one first-degree relative with CD.

Double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled intervention trial to evaluate the effects of Bifidobacterium longum CECT 7347 in children with newly diagnosed coeliac disease.

Interactions between the immune system and the intestinal microbiota may play a role in coeliac disease (CD). In the present study, the potential effects of Bifidobacterium longum CECT 7347 in children with newly diagnosed CD were evaluated. A double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in thirty-three children who received a capsule containing either B.

[Evaluation of diet and nutrient intake in children under three years old. ALSALMA pilot study].

Objective: The present study evaluates energy and nutrient intake in Spanish children under three years of age, and compares the results with the current recommendations in order to identify possible inadequate nutrient intake.

Patients And Methods: A cross-sectional pilot study. The mothers completed a diet diary for four non-consecutive days, recording the products and amounts consumed by their children.

Influence of breastfeeding versus formula feeding on lymphocyte subsets in infants at risk of coeliac disease: the PROFICEL study.

Purpose: In addition to genetic risk, environmental factors might influence coeliac disease (CD) development. We sought to assess the effect of the interaction between milk-feeding practices and the HLA-DQ genotype on peripheral lymphocyte subsets and their activation markers in infants at familial risk for CD.

Methods: 170 newborns were classified in 3 different genetic risk groups (high risk, HR; intermediate risk, IR; and low risk, LR) after DQB1 and DQA1 typing.

Influence of milk-feeding type and genetic risk of developing coeliac disease on intestinal microbiota of infants: the PROFICEL study.

Interactions between environmental factors and predisposing genes could be involved in the development of coeliac disease (CD). This study has assessed whether milk-feeding type and HLA-genotype influence the intestinal microbiota composition of infants with a family history of CD. The study included 164 healthy newborns, with at least one first-degree relative with CD, classified according to their HLA-DQ genotype by PCR-SSP DQB1 and DQA1 typing.

Influence of environmental and genetic factors linked to celiac disease risk on infant gut colonization by Bacteroides species.

Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy involving genetic and environmental factors whose interaction might influence disease risk. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of milk-feeding practices and the HLA-DQ genotype on intestinal colonization of Bacteroides species in infants at risk of CD development. This study included 75 full-term newborns with at least one first-degree relative suffering from CD.

[Application of the Porto criteria for the diagnosis of paediatric inflammatory bowel disease in a paediatric reference centre].

Introduction: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) have classically included two entities: Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The correct differentiation between these two diseases has important implications. The term inflammatory bowel disease unclassified (IBDu) describes inflammatory changes of the colon that cannot be classified as ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease.

Long-term efficacy of adalimumab in paediatric Crohn's disease patients naïve to other anti-TNF therapies.

Introduction: Adalimumab is a fully-humanized anti-TNF a antibody that has showed its efficacy in Crohn's disease (CD) adult patients. Its less immunogenic composition seems to be an advantage compared to previous anti-TNF α, mainly infliximab. Good response to adalimumab has been reported in patients naïve to infliximab, in those in whom infliximab has shown no efficacy and in those intolerant or who have lost previous response to it.

[Implication of the anxiety and depression in eating disorders of young obese].

Objectives: the goals of the present study were: 1) to compare the levels of anxiety, depression, and eating disorders in young patients assisted at a children's hospital for obesity; 2) to determine whether anxiety and depression explain the symptoms of the eating disorders; and 3) to know which of these symptoms better discriminate the young people with different degrees of obesity.

Materials And Method: Descriptive, cross-sectional study with a sample comprised by 281 youngsters (56% girls) aged 11-17 years. The BMI percentiles were calculated by using the WHO growth tables.

[Adolescent obesity: anxiety, cognitive and behavioural symptoms characteristic of eating disorders].

Objective: To assess the presence of symptoms of anxiety, cognitive and behavioural symptoms characteristic of eating disorders in overweight adolescents.

Material And Methods: The sample consisted of 297 adolescents (55.2% female and 44.

Interplay between human leukocyte antigen genes and the microbial colonization process of the newborn intestine.

Coeliac disease (CD) development involves genetic (HLA-DQ2/DQ8) and environmental factors. Herein, the influence of the HLA-DQ genotype on the gut colonization process of breast-fed children was determined. A cohort of 20 newborns, with at least one first-degree relative with CD, were classified according to their HLA-DQ genotype into high, intermediate and low genetic risk groups, showing 24-28%, 7-8% and less than 1% probability to develop CD, respectively.

[Response to stopping azathioprine in Crohn's patients on combined treatment with infliximab].

Background: The use of immunomodulatory agents has changed the management of inflammatory bowel disease. Immunosuppressive drugs (mainly thiopurines) and biological treatments (mainly monoclonal antibodies against TNFalpha) are currently most frequently and earlier used. The recent report of new cases of the rare and almost always fatal hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma in young patients on combined therapy with azathioprine/6-mercaptopurine and infliximab suggests that the optimal strategies for reducing increased risk of side-effects need to be urgently assessed.

Safety and efficacy of granulocyte and monocyte adsorption apheresis in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease: a prospective pilot study.

Objective: Selective granulocyte-monocyte adsorption (GMA) apheresis is a safe technique that has shown efficacy in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), especially in adult steroid-dependent and steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis. GMA apheresis is performed with Adacolumn, a direct blood perfusion system that selectively adsorbs circulating granulocytes and monocytes. Studies on efficacy of GMA apheresis in paediatric IBD are scarce.

Treatment cost of ulcerative colitis is apheresis with Adacolumn cost-effective?

Background: Scarce data are available in Europe on the cost of treatment for ulcerative colitis (UC).

Aim: To assess the cost of illness of moderate-to-severe UC in two scenarios: traditional treatment versus alternative treatment incorporating granulocyte, monocyte adsorption - apheresis (GMA-Apheresis; Adacolumn). To determine the relative cost-effectiveness of both options in steroid-dependent patients.

Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome in childhood: a rare, benign, and probably misdiagnosed cause of rectal bleeding. Report of three cases.

Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome is an uncommon and often underdiagnosed condition that usually presents with hematochezia, mucous discharge, and tenesmus. Its etiology is unknown but it seems related to excessive straining with defecation. Prolonged efforts force the anterior rectal mucosa into the anal canal with strangulation and appearance of congestion, edema, and ulceration.

Treatment of severe osteoporosis with alendronate in a patient with lysinuric protein intolerance.

Lysinuric protein intolerance is an inborn error of cationic amino acid transport of which osteoporosis is a major feature. Treatment with oral bisphosphonates improves bone mineral density even in severe osteoporosis.