Racial disparities affect the association between gestational urinary phthalate mixtures and infant genital measures.

Background: Phthalates are ubiquitous anti-androgenic endocrine disrupting chemicals found in personal care products, medications, and many plastics. Studies have shown a racial disparity in phthalates exposure among U.S.

The seasonal change of PAHs in Svalbard surface snow.

The Arctic region is threatened by contamination deriving from both long-range pollution and local human activities. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are environmental tracers of emission, transport and deposition processes. A first campaign has been conducted at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, from October 2018 to May 2019, monitoring weekly concentrations of PAHs in Arctic surface snow.

Diagnosis and treatment of malignant eyelid tumors.

Background: Malignant tumors of the eyelid are much less frequent than benign eyelid alterations. These are frequently incidental findings without symptoms which are often overlooked or misinterpreted by patients.

Objective: This article gives an overview of clinical aspects, diagnostics and treatment of the five most common malignant eyelid tumors and exemplarily explains the essential principles of evidence-based treatment of malignant eyelid tumors.

Glyphosate exposure and preterm birth: A nested case-control pilot study.

Preterm birth (PTB) is associated with a high risk of infant mortality and long-term adverse health effects. Glyphosate is a broad-spectrum herbicide applied in agricultural and non-agricultural settings. Studies suggested an association between maternal exposure to glyphosate and PTB among mostly racially homogenous populations, though results were inconsistent.

[Diagnosis and treatment of benign eyelid tumors].

Background: Benign tumors of the eyelids are frequent entities. They are often cause for cosmetic concern or can lead to irritation of the ocular surface. The differentiation from premalignant or malignant eyelid tumors is particularly important.

[Diagnosis and treatment of malignant eyelid tumors].

Background: Malignant tumors of the eyelid are much less frequent than benign eyelid alterations. These are frequently incidental findings without symptoms which are often overlooked or misinterpreted by patients.

Objective: This article gives an overview of clinical aspects, diagnostics and treatment of the five most common malignant eyelid tumors and exemplarily explains the essential principles of evidence-based treatment of malignant eyelid tumors.

Environmental toxicants and placental function.

The placenta is a temporary endocrine organ that facilitates gas, nutrient, and waste exchange between maternal and fetal compartments, partially shielding the fetus from potentially hazardous environmental toxicants. However, rather than being "opaque", the placenta is translucent or even transparent to some potential fetal developmental hazards, including toxic trace elements (TEs), perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), and environmental phenols (EPs) to which women with pregnancy are frequently exposed. These agents are both passively and actively transferred to the fetal compartment, where endocrine disruption, oxidative stress, and epigenetic changes may occur.

The artificial iris - Analysis of various implantation techniques after ocular trauma.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to analyze the outcome of various techniques for a custom-made iris prosthesis implantation as part of reconstructive anterior segment surgery following traumatic aniridia.

Methods: This retrospective interventional study was done for 6 eyes that received an artificial iris as secondary reconstructive measure for photophobia and unsatisfactory vision following initial globe repair. Different implantation techniques were employed.

Large Hemorrhagic Extrascleral Ciliary Body Melanoma Recurrence Treated With Transarterial Embolization and Coiling Followed by Exenteration.

A 59-year-old male patient who suffered from a systemically metastasized, large extrascleral uveal melanoma recurrence of the left eye presented with active hemorrhage from the tumor. He had undergone proton beam irradiation for an epithelioid ciliary body melanoma 4 years before presentation and was lost to follow-up. Magnetic resonance angiography showed vascularization of the lesion via the ophthalmic and maxillary artery.

Year-round measurements of size-segregated low molecular weight organic acids in Arctic aerosol.

Organic acids in aerosols Earth's atmosphere are ubiquitous and they have been extensively studied across urban, rural and polar environments. However, little is known about their properties, transport, source and seasonal variations in the Svalbard Archipelago. Here, we present the annual trend of organic acids in the aerosol collected at Ny-Ålesund and consider their size-distributions to infer their possible sources and relative contributions.

Innovative Multipodal Ligands Derived from Tröger's Bases for the Sensitization of Lanthanide(III) Luminescence.

Herein, the synthesis and characterization of the first family of multipodal ligands with a Tröger's base framework designed for the preparation of luminescent lanthanide(III) complexes are reported. Eight ligands were designed and synthesized using different strategies, including alkylation reactions, amide couplings, and Ugi multicomponent reactions. All the ligands bear carboxylate groups for the coordination of the lanthanide(III) ions, with the lanthanide(III)-sensitizing units consisting of the Tröger's base framework itself or attached benzamides.

Ultra-trace determination of total mercury in Italian bottled waters.

Mercury (Hg) is a widespread, highly toxic persistent pollutant with adverse health effects on humans. So far, concentrations below the method detection limit have always been reported by studies on the concentration of mercury in bottled water when determined using instrumental analytical methods. These are often very expensive and are unaffordable for many laboratories.

[Surgical treatment of eyelid tumors].

Eyelid tumors are often periocular skin lesions but can also be derived from adnexal structures or the conjunctiva. Treatment is primarily surgical, especially for malignant tumors, whereby complete excision is strived for to minimize the local rate of recurrence. Adjuvant therapy and conservative alternative methods (e.

Feedback mechanisms between snow and atmospheric mercury: Results and observations from field campaigns on the Antarctic plateau.

The Antarctic Plateau snowpack is an important environment for the mercury geochemical cycle. We have extensively characterized and compared the changes in surface snow and atmospheric mercury concentrations that occur at Dome C. Three summer sampling campaigns were conducted between 2013 and 2016.

[Oculoplastics in Cameroon].

Ophthalmological care in Cameroon is still being developed, although surgery for cataract and glaucoma is well established in several centres across the country. Our objective was to train the local doctors of the Presbyterian Eye Hospital (Acha) in Bafoussam and Douala to perform the most common oculoplasty procedures. The German Ophthalmological Society funded the project with a short-term lectureship of 2 weeks.

Caspase inhibitors protect against NMDA-mediated retinal ganglion cell death.

Background: Apoptosis is a major mechanism of cell death in glutamate-induced excitotoxicity and caspases as the executors of apoptosis play an important role in the development of various central nervous system and eye diseases. We studied the involvement of certain caspases in excitotoxic retinal ganglion cell death, which was experimentally induced in Brown Norway Rats by application of the glutamate receptor agonist N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA).

Methods: Animals were injected intravitreally with one of six caspase inhibitors (against caspases 1, 3, 4, 6, 8 and 9).

[Intravitreal administration of triamcinolone and bevacizumab for pigment epithelial detachment in conjunction with AMD].

Background: The effect of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors triamcinolone and bevacizumab (Avastin) on serous pigment epithelial detachment (PED) related to age-dependent macular degeneration (AMD) was analysed retrospectively.

Patients And Methods: Data of 45 patients (45 eyes) were evaluated: 11 patients received an intravitreal injection with triamcinolone and 16 with bevacizumab. The remaining 18 patients received no therapy.