Performance of High Mobility Protein Group 1 and Interleukin-6 as Predictors of Outcomes Resulting from Variceal Bleeding in Patients with Advanced Chronic Liver Disease.

Variceal bleeding is a serious complication in cirrhotic patients and is related to increased expression of inflammatory mediators that accentuate circulatory dysfunction. The study aims to evaluate the performance of high mobility protein group 1 (HMG1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) as predictors of acute kidney injury (AKI), infection and death in these patients. Fifty patients who were diagnosed with advanced chronic liver disease with variceal bleeding were included.

Fibroblast-like synoviocytes from fluid and synovial membrane from primary osteoarthritis demonstrate similar production of interleukin 6, and metalloproteinases 1 and 3.

Objectives: The objective of the study was to compare the production of metalloproteinases (MMP)-1, -3 and interleukin (IL)-6 by fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) derived from synovial fluid (FD-FLS), and FLS derived from synovial tissue (TD-FLS) of patients with primary osteoarthritis (OA). The more accessible FD-FLS could facilitate the study of the role of these cells in OA pathophysiology.

Methods: MMP-1, MMP-3, and IL-6 levels were measured in the supernatant culture at baseline and 22 hours after stimulation with TNF-α and IL-1 β.

Mast cells are crucial in the resistance against Toxoplasma gondii oral infection.

During oral infection, mucosal immunity assumes a predominant role. Here, we addressed the role of mast cells (MCs), which are mainly located in mucosa during oral infection with Toxoplasma gondii, using MC-deficient (W/W(v) ) mice. We show that in the absence of MCs the resistance of W/W(v) mice to oral infection was considerably reduced.