Maximal exercise and muscle energy metabolism after recovery from exercise hyperthermia syndrome.

Muscle energy metabolism was studied in 30 subjects after recovery from exercise hyperthermia syndrome (EHTS subjects) and 15 healthy men with identical physical activities. Blood lactate, free fatty acid (FFA), serum creatine kinase activity (CK), and glycerol and the temperature in the auditory duct (T(c)) and on the thumb pad (T(sk)) were measured at rest and during and after maximal exercise on a cycloergometer. The EHTS subjects had a limitation of physical performance, with lowered values for maximal oxygen uptake (VO(2max), P < 0.

Malignant hyperthermia susceptibility revealed by myalgia and rhabdomyolysis during fluoroquinolone treatment.

Fluoroquinolones cause myalgia, but this complication is not clearly documented. We describe a patient who developed myalgia and rhabdomyolysis during fluoroquinolone treatment. The patient was a 33-year-old man treated with norfloxacin for common cystitis.

Blood ammonia and ventilation at maximal exercise.

This study, intended to evaluate the role of ammonia (NH3) as a ventilatory stimulus, was conducted in three groups of subjects: 14 sedentary individuals, 12 triathletes, 5 patients with a glycolytic deficiency (Mc Ardle disease). All subjects performed maximal exercise tests on a cycle ergometer. Ventilation measured at maximal oxygen consumption (VE 100%) was correlated with lactatemia (lactate 100%) and ammonemia (NH3 100%) in the sedentary group, but only with ammonemia in triathletes, although NH3 100% and lactate 100% were correlated in both groups, which suggests that correlation between VE 100% and NH3 100% is not a false correlation.

Impairment of muscle energy metabolism in patients with sleep apnoea syndrome.

Impairment of muscle energy metabolism has been demonstrated in normal subjects with chronic hypoxaemia (altitude chronic respiratory failure). The purpose of this study was to verify the hypothesis that a comparable condition could develop in patients with sleep apnoea syndrome (SAS), considering that they are exposed to prolonged and repeated hypoxaemia periods. Muscle metabolism was assessed in 11 patients with SAS performing a maximal effort on cycloergometer.

Priapism following splenectomy in an unstable hemoglobin: hemoglobin Olmsted beta 141 (H19) Leu-->Arg.

We report a case of severe priapism occurring in a patient with an unstable hemoglobin, Hb Olmsted (beta 141 Leu-->Arg) This is a rare hemoglobin variant, which until now has been reported only once. The clinical course of the 12-year-old boy was characterized by severe hemolytic anemia leading to splenectomy and cholecystectomy at the of 3.5 years.

[Sufficient autotransfusion with a single-use device in experimental vascular surgery].

The authors used a disposable original system to recover total blood during surgery and realized 17 transfusions of autologous blood in sheep. No biological or clinical disturbance was observed.

Opposite effects of urea on hemoglobin-oxygen affinity in anemia of chronic renal failure.

We studied the action of urea on the spin-spin relaxation rate of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) phosphorus atoms in normal and uremic erythrocytes. At concentrations from 10 to 60 mM, urea increased the relaxation rates of 2,3-DPG P-3 phosphorus atoms. This evidenced a stronger binding of 2,3-DPG to hemoglobin (Hb), suggesting that the deoxyform of Hb was stabilized.

Effect of recombinant human erythropoietin treatment in uremic patients on oxygen affinity of hemoglobin.

Anemia of chronic renal failure is associated with a reduced affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen (Hb-O2 affinity). It has been reported that the correction of renal anemia by recombinant human erythropoietin (rhuEPO) treatment could be associated paradoxically with a further decrease in Hb-O2 affinity. We investigated changes in the compensatory mechanisms of chronic renal anemia during 25 weeks of rhuEPO treatment, in 19 chronic hemodialyzed (HD) patients.

Changes in blood ammonia induced by a maximum effort in trained and untrained subjects.

Twelve healthy male volunteers, either trained or untrained, performed a maximal exercise on a cycloergometer. Venous blood samples were taken for analysis during the effort and the following recovery. Blood concentrations of lactate and ammonia, and plasmatic concentrations of alanine, glutamate and glutamine were measured.

[The hyperammonemia of exercise; value of automatic measurement].

Ammonia blood level (NH3) was measured during maximum exercise performed on cycloergometer, in 11 patients. NH3 measurements through an automatic chemical method (whole blood) were compared to those of the enzymatic reference method (plasma). Automatic analysis made it possible to quickly obtain [NH3] values, that were highly correlated with those of the enzymatic method (P < 0.

31P NMR spectroscopy and ergometer exercise test as evidence for muscle oxidative performance improvement with coenzyme Q in mitochondrial myopathies.

Two patients with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy due to complexes I and IV deficiencies received 150 mg/d of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ). We studied them with a bicycle ergometer exercise test and 31P NMR spectroscopy before and after 10 months of treatment. Before treatment, we observed a low phosphocreatine/inorganic phosphate (PCr/P(i)) resting value along with abnormally high resting lactate concentration.

[The contribution of effort tests in the evaluation of factors related to dyspnea in pneumonology].

Forty nine patients suffering from respiratory disorders underwent an exercise test carried out on a bicycle ergometer (n = 45) or by walking rapidly on flat or inclined ground (n = 4). The respiratory restrictions on effort were correlated with a degree of dyspnoea (stages 1 to 4) established by a questionnaire. The analysis of the effort test had consequences of practical importance: in effect, in this study, nearly half the patients benefited from advice orientated in particular towards the level of activity which would be suitable for them, and to reduction in their weight.

[Influence of chronic smoking on leukocytes].

The authors showed a significant increase in total leukocyte count (2p less than 0.001), neutrophil concentration (2p less than 0.001) and lymphocyte concentration (2p less than 0.

[Polycythemia vera and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate deficiency. Apropos of 2 cases].

Two cases of mistaken diagnosis of polycythemia vera leading to useless or dangerous treatments exemplify the old saying "primum non nocere". Absolute polycythemia which lacks both the specific characteristics of polycythemia vera and lacks both the specific characteristics of polycythemia vera and any tumoral etiology (particularly renal) but is accompanied with normal arterial oxygen saturation should suggest the possibility of an anomalous hemoglobin with increased affinity for oxygen. Two alternative mechanisms may be present: anomalous hemoglobins due to the substitution of an amino acid or, as in the two reported cases, a deficit in intraerythrocytic 2,3 diphosphoglyceride.

[Tobacco consumption and carboxyhemoglobin levels in blood donors].

The authors studied the tobacco consumption of 283 blood donors and its consequences. 151 were nonsmokers and 132 were smokers (47.7% smoke more than 10 g/day).

Assessment of the central chemosensitivity in man under transient or progressive hypercapnia.

In healthy man, the central chemosensitivity to CO2 was studied after depression of the arterial chemoreflex drive by inhalation of pure oxygen. The effectiveness of the functional decrease of arterial chemoreceptor function was assessed by the delayed hyperventilation which followed transient inhalation of hypercapnic gas mixtures for 3 or 5 breaths in hyperoxic conditions. In such a case the first significant increase in tidal volume (VT) occurred 13.

[Smoking and carbon monoxide consumption (author's transl)].

Among 2,069 patients subjected to pulmonary function tests, 20% were smokers with a mean oxyhemoglobin (HbCO) level of 5.2%. Similar values for HbCO (2.

[Hemoglobin oxygen combining capacity power. Reproducibility, variability; the effect of carboxyhemoglobin (author's transl)].

Hemoglobin oxygen combining power (HOCP) was measured in blood samples of 41 non smoking subjects and 36 smokers. The reproductibility and the varibility of this value were established (maximal variability was 2,5% in individual measurement). When the oxygen carrying capacity is reported to total hemoglobin (Hbt.

[Correlations between the changes in the affinity of hemoglobin of oxygen and the anaerobic metabolism during muscular exercise in 20 silicotic patients (author's transl)].

This study investigated the changes in hemoglobin affinity for oxygen -- P50 standard [P50 (7.40)]; P50 in vivo (P50 IV), and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate concentration (2,3-DPG) -- and the anaerobic metabolism during a short muscular exercise in 20 silicotic patients. P50 (7.

[P50 and stored blood (+4 degrees C and -80 degrees C). In vitro studies].

The authors studied the hemoglobin oxygen affinity (P50) and the 2,3 diphospho-glycerate (2,3-DPG) level in: 33 samples of total stored blood (ACD medium); 14 samples of the same blood after mixing with a solution including inosine, pyruvate, phosphate (I.P.P.

[Hemoglobin oxygen affinity in children on chronic hemodialysis].

We have studied the changes induced by hemodialysis in the blood oxygen affinity in a group of 8 children with chronic kidney failure. Before dialysis: the affinity was low - P50 (7.40) = 28,3 Torr.

Secondary polycythaemia in chronic respiratory insufficiency.

The relationship between polycythaemia, P50 and SaCO (saturation in carboxyhaemoglobin) has been studied in 50 patients who were hypoxaemic due to chronic respiratory insufficiency. These patients were divided into two groups according to their haemoglobin concentration and haematocrit: 21 polycythaemic patients with haemoglobin greater than or equal to 16 g/dl and haematocrit greater than or equal to 50% and 29 patients without polycythaemia. PaO2, PaCO2, plasma and erythrocyte pH, haemoglobin, haematocrit, and carbon monoxide saturation and intraerythrocytic 2-3 diphosphoglycerate concentration were measured during steady-state ventilation.

[A new method for rapid determination of blood L-lactate using an enzymatic lactate sensor (author's transl)].

We determined the lactate concentration in 112 samples of arterial blood, simultaneously by two-different technic: 1) The usual enzymatic technic (plasmatic and intracellular lactates). 2) A new technic using an enzymatic lactate sensor ("lactate analyzer 5400") which measures the plasmatic lactates only. The data obtained with the two technics were very similar (r = 0,982).