Protein Extraction Methods Suitable for Muscle Tissue Proteomic Analysis.

Muscle tissue is one of the most dynamic and plastic tissues of the mammalian body and covers different roles, such as force generation and metabolic control. Muscular proteomics provides an important opportunity to reveal the molecular mechanisms behind muscle pathophysiology. To ensure successful proteomic analysis, it is necessary to have an efficient and reproducible protein extraction method.

RICTOR/mTORC2 downregulation in BRAF melanoma cells promotes resistance to BRAF/MEK inhibition.

Background: The main drawback of BRAF/MEK inhibitors (BRAF/MEKi)-based targeted therapy in the management of BRAF-mutated cutaneous metastatic melanoma (MM) is the development of therapeutic resistance. We aimed to assess in this context the role of mTORC2, a signaling complex defined by the presence of the essential RICTOR subunit, regarded as an oncogenic driver in several tumor types, including MM.

Methods: After analyzing The Cancer Genome Atlas MM patients' database to explore both overall survival and molecular signatures as a function of intra-tumor RICTOR levels, we investigated the effects of RICTOR downregulation in BRAF MM cell lines on their response to BRAF/MEKi.

Proteomics Reveals How the Tardigrade Damage Suppressor Protein Teaches Transfected Human Cells to Survive UV-C Stress.

The genome sequencing of the tardigrade revealed a unique nucleosome-binding protein named damage suppressor (Dsup), which was discovered to be crucial for the extraordinary abilities of tardigrades in surviving extreme stresses, such as UV. Evidence in Dsup-transfected human cells suggests that Dsup mediates an overall response in DNA damage signaling, DNA repair, and cell cycle regulation, resulting in an acquired resistance to stress. Given these promising outcomes, our study attempts to provide a wider comprehension of the molecular mechanisms modulated by Dsup in human cells and to explore the Dsup-activated molecular pathways under stress.

Proteomics coupled with AhR-reporter gene bioassay for human and environmental safety assessment of sewage sludge and hydrochar.

Today application of sewage sludge (SL) and hydrochar (HC) in agriculture is a common practice for soil conditioning and crop fertilization, however safety concerns for human and environmental health due to the presence of toxic compounds have recently been expressed. Our aim was to test the suitability of proteomics coupled with bioanalytical tools for unravelling mixture effects of these applications in human and environmental safety assessment. We conducted proteomic and bioinformatic analysis of cell cultures used in the DR-CALUX® bioassay to identify proteins differentially abundant after exposure to SL and the corresponding HC, rather than only using the Bioanalytical Toxicity Equivalents (BEQs) obtained by DR-CALUX®.

BAL Proteomic Signature of Lung Adenocarcinoma in IPF Patients and Its Transposition in Serum Samples for Less Invasive Diagnostic Procedures.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a form of chronic and irreversible fibrosing interstitial pneumonia of unknown etiology. Although antifibrotic treatments have shown a reduction of lung function decline and a slow disease progression, IPF is characterize by a very high mortality. Emerging evidence suggests that IPF increases the risk of lung carcinogenesis.

Neurodegenerative Disorder Risk in Krabbe Disease Carriers.

Krabbe disease (KD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the galactocerebrosidase gene (). Defective GALC causes aberrant metabolism of galactolipids present almost exclusively in myelin, with consequent demyelinization and neurodegeneration of the central and peripheral nervous system (NS). KD shares some similar features with other neuropathies and heterozygous carriers of mutations are emerging with an increased risk in developing NS disorders.

Multi-Omics Integrative Approach of Extracellular Vesicles: A Future Challenging Milestone.

In the era of multi-omic sciences, dogma on singular cause-effect in physio-pathological processes is overcome and system biology approaches have been providing new perspectives to see through. In this context, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are offering a new level of complexity, given their role in cellular communication and their activity as mediators of specific signals to target cells or tissues. Indeed, their heterogeneity in terms of content, function, origin and potentiality contribute to the cross-interaction of almost every molecular process occurring in a complex system.

Serum Proteomic Profile of Asthmatic Patients after Six Months of Benralizumab and Mepolizumab Treatment.

Severe eosinophilic asthma is characterized by chronic airway inflammation, oxidative stress, and elevated proinflammatory cytokines, especially IL-5. Mepolizumab and benralizumab are both humanized IgG antibodies directed against IL-5 signaling, directly acting on eosinophils count. Together with the complexity of severe asthma classification and patient selection for the targeted treatment, there is also the urgency to clarify the follow-up of therapy to identify biomarkers, in addition to eosinophils, for the optimal duration of treatment, persistence of effectiveness, and safety.

A Novel Ex Vivo Approach Based on Proteomics and Biomarkers to Evaluate the Effects of Chrysene, MEHP, and PBDE-47 on Loggerhead Sea Turtles ().

The principal aim of the present study was to develop and apply novel ex vivo tests as an alternative to cell cultures able to evaluate the possible effects of emerging and legacy contaminants in . To this end, we performed ex vivo experiments on non-invasively collected whole-blood and skin-biopsy slices treated with chrysene, MEHP, or PBDE-47. Blood samples were tested by oxidative stress (TAS), immune system (respiratory burst, lysozyme, and complement system), and genotoxicity (ENA assay) biomarkers, and genotoxic and immune system effects were observed.

Alteration of Serum Proteome in Levo-Thyroxine-Euthyroid Thyroidectomized Patients.

The monotherapy with levo-thyroxine (LT4) is the treatment of choice for patients with hypothyroidism after thyroidectomy. However, many athyreotic LT4-treated patients with thyroid hormones in the physiological range experience hypothyroid-like symptoms, showing post-operative, statistically significant lower FT3 levels with respect to that before total thyroidectomy. Since we hypothesized that the lower plasmatic FT3 levels observed in this subgroup could be associated with tissue hypothyroidism, here we compared, by a preliminary proteomic analysis, eight sera of patients with reduced post-surgical FT3 to eight sera from patients with FT3 levels similar to pre-surgery levels, and six healthy controls.

Differential redox proteomic profiles of serum from severe asthma patients after one month of benralizumab and mepolizumab treatment.

Mepolizumab and Benralizumab are biological drugs for severe asthma patients able to reduce moderate-to-severe exacerbation rate (peripheral eosinophilial % mepolizumab 1.6 ± 1.2; benralizumab 0; p < 0.

Proteome Characterization of BALF Extracellular Vesicles in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Unveiling Undercover Molecular Pathways.

In the longtime challenge of identifying specific, easily detectable and reliable biomarkers of IPF, BALF proteomics is providing interesting new insights into its pathogenesis. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first shotgun proteomic investigation of EVs isolated from BALF of IPF patients. Our main aim was to characterize the proteome of the vesicular component of BALF and to explore its individual impact on the pathogenesis of IPF.

Nusinersen Modulates Proteomics Profiles of Cerebrospinal Fluid in Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type 1 Patients.

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type 1 is a severe infantile autosomal-recessive neuromuscular disorder caused by a survival motor neuron 1 gene () mutation and characterized by progressive muscle weakness. Without supportive care, SMA type 1 is rapidly fatal. The antisense oligonucleotide nusinersen has recently improved the natural course of this disease.

Ceruloplasmin and oxidative stress in severe eosinophilic asthma patients treated with Mepolizumab and Benralizumab.

Introduction: Severe eosinophilic asthma has been associated with Th2 airway inflammation and elevated proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, such as IL-5. Precision therapies have recently been shown to improve asthma symptoms with a steroid-sparing effect. Two such therapies, Benralizumab and Mepolizumab, humanized IgG antibodies directed against the IL-5 receptor and IL-5, have been approved for severe eosinophilic asthma.

Common molecular pathways targeted by nintedanib in cancer and IPF: A bioinformatic study.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an interstitial lung disease (ILD) sharing various genetic, molecular and cell processes with lung cancer (LC). Nintedanib, a tyrosine-kinase inhibitor, was first developed as an anticancer drug because it suppresses angiogenesis. It was then recognized as an anti-fibrotic agent and approved for the treatment of IPF.

Metabolic Dysregulation in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fibroproliferative disorder limited to the lung. New findings, starting from our proteomics studies on IPF, suggest that systemic involvement with altered molecular mechanisms and metabolic disorder is an underlying cause of fibrosis. The role of metabolic dysregulation in the pathogenesis of IPF has not been extensively studied, despite a recent surge of interest.

[Chronicity practices - The integrated management for chronic conditions in the health district of Campi Salentina (Lecce ASL)].

A program concerning the care management of chronic conditions has been carried out in the primary care setting, starting from previous projects based on delivering integrated care and on promoting patient empowerment. The chronicity practice, which is based on common facilities and time of work, is aimed to improve communication about individual care plan of patients, to improve adherence to the treatment and to the follow-up. The expected outcome are: the increasing adherence to healthy lifestyle and doctor's recommendations, improved clinical outcome, satisfaction of patients and health professionals.

[Indicators of communication and degree of professional integration in healthcare].

According to the chronic care model, improving the management of chronic illness requires efficient communication between health care professionals and the creation of a web of integrated healthcare The aim of this study was to identify an efficient methodology for evaluating the degree of professional integration through indicators related to communication between healthcare professionals. The following types of indicators were identified:-structure indicators to evaluate the presence of prerequisites necessary for implementing the procedures -functional indicators to quantitatively evaluate the use of communications instruments-performance indicators Defining specific indicators may be an appropriate methodology for evaluating the degree of integration and communication between health professionals, available for a bargaining system of incentives.