As electric vehicles become more widely used, there is a higher demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and hence a greater incentive to find better ways to recycle these at their end-of-life (EOL). This work focuses on the process of reclamation and re-use of cathode material from LIBs. Black mass containing mixed LiMnO and NiCoAlO from a Nissan Leaf pouch cell are recovered via two different recycling routes, shredding or disassembly.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReplacement of indium tin oxide with the intrinsically conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) has been of significant interest in recent years as a result of lower processing and material costs. In addition, the inclusion of additives has been reported to further enhance the conductivity, rheology, and wettability of PEDOT:PSS. In this study, Tween 80 was shown to decrease the sheet resistance of PEDOT:PSS films from approximately 1000 to 76 Ω□ at a 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis literature review covers the solubility and processability of fluoropolymer polyvinylidine fluoride (PVDF). Fluoropolymers consist of a carbon backbone chain with multiple connected C-F bonds; they are typically nonreactive and nontoxic and have good thermal stability. Their processing, recycling and reuse are rapidly becoming more important to the circular economy as fluoropolymers find widespread application in diverse sectors including construction, automotive engineering and electronics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSilicon solar cell manufacturing is an expensive and high energy consuming process. In contrast, dye sensitized solar cell production is less environmentally damaging with lower processing temperatures presenting a viable and low cost alternative to conventional production. This paper further enhances these environmental credentials by evaluating the digital printing and therefore additive production route for these cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis review covers the options for recycling of plastic waste and provides a general overview of the main issues associated with plastic disposal. It provides a summary of the quantities and type of plastics in the waste stream and also the main effects of recycling on the plastic material itself. The four types of recycling: primary, secondary, tertiary and quarternary, the requirements each places on the feed stock, and the uses of each are given.
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