First report of apple hammerhead viroid infecting apple trees in Montenegro.

Apple hammerhead viroid (AHVd, Pelamoviroid, Avsunviroidae) is one of the five viroids infecting apples. It has been identified on all continents except Australia since its viroid nature was confirmed (DiSerio et al. 2018; CABI and EPPO 2022).

Small RNA Sequencing and Multiplex RT-PCR for Diagnostics of Grapevine Viruses and Virus-like Organisms.

Metagenomic approaches used for virus diagnostics allow for rapid and accurate detection of all viral pathogens in the plants. In order to investigate the occurrence of viruses and virus-like organisms infecting grapevine from the Ampelographic collection Kromberk in Slovenia, we used Ion Torrent small RNA sequencing (sRNA-seq) and the VirusDetect pipeline to analyze the sRNA-seq data. The used method revealed the presence of: (GLRaV-1), (GLRaV-2), (GLRaV-3), (GRSPaV), (GFLV) and its satellite RNA (satGFLV), (GFkV), (GRVFV), (GPGV), (GV-Sat), (HSVd), and (GYSVd-1).

Elimination of Eight Viruses and Two Viroids from Preclonal Candidates of Six Grapevine Varieties ( L.) through In Vivo Thermotherapy and In Vitro Meristem Tip Micrografting.

Viruses and virus-like organisms are a major problem in viticulture worldwide. They cannot be controlled by standard plant protection measures, and once infected, plants remain infected throughout their life; therefore, the propagation of healthy vegetative material is crucial. In vivo thermotherapy at 36-38 °C for at least six weeks, followed by meristem tip micrografting (0.

Virome Status of Preclonal Candidates of Grapevine Varieties ( L.) From the Slovenian Wine-Growing Region Primorska as Determined by High-Throughput Sequencing.

Diseases caused by viruses and virus-like organisms are one of the major problems in viticulture and grapevine marketing worldwide. Therefore, rapid and accurate diagnosis and identification is crucial. In this study, we used HTS of virus- and viroid-derived small RNAs to determine the virome status of Slovenian preclonal candidates of autochthonous and local grapevine varieties ( L.