Constructive ergonomics and enabling interventions.

This paper presents a constructive view of Human Factors/Ergonomics (HFE) and its implications regarding work, organisations and HFE interventions. In contrast to a defensive approach to HFE, which would view work mostly as a source of constraints, and the role of HFE as reducing these constraints, the goal of constructive ergonomics is to eliminate obstacles hindering success and development and to maximise opportunities for acting and learning. After having developed the concept and the methods of enabling interventions, as well as their consequences on the role of ergonomists, two enabling interventions are presented to illustrate the implementation of the constructive approach in real work settings.

Developmental approach of safety in ergonomics/human factors: insights of constructed safety in six work environments.

This article brings together works on the concept of constructed safety in ergonomics, carried out over the last twenty-five years. Firstly, we situate this approach to safety in relation to previously developed existing models (e.g.

Work debate spaces: A tool for developing a participatory safety management.

In recent years, various studies have shown the importance of instituting work debate space within companies in order to address constraints within the organization. However, few of these studies demonstrate the implementation methods of discussion spaces and their contributions. Based on the action research developed in an electric company, this article demonstrates how work debate space (WDS) contribute to the development of an integrated safety culture.

[Patient participation to patient safety in radiotherapy: a reality to be developed].

Background: Patient safety during radiotherapy has become a central priority for public policy further to the various accidents arisen at Epinal, Toulouse and Grenoble for the most symbolic. In this context, patients' involvement in the management of their own safety can be a way to improve the quality of care in general.

Objective And Method: This study was carried out in the radiotherapy department of the Georges-Pompidou European Hospital and aimed at analyzing the role of patients in the management of patient safety.

Socio-Technical Systems Analysis in Health Care: A Research Agenda.

Given the complexity of health care and the 'people' nature of healthcare work and delivery, STSA (Sociotechnical Systems Analysis) research is needed to address the numerous quality of care problems observed across the world. This paper describes open STSA research areas, including workload management, physical, cognitive and macroergonomic issues of medical devices and health information technologies, STSA in transitions of care, STSA of patient-centered care, risk management and patient safety management, resilience, and feedback loops between event detection, reporting and analysis and system redesign.

Auto- and allo-confrontation as tools for reflective activities.

This paper presents a methodology of assistance to reflective activity, based on confronting participants with the video recording of their own activity or that of others. A typology of the various forms of use of confrontation is proposed and illustrated from a study based on the construction of technical procedures. Two categories of results are highlighted.