First report of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Erinaceus europaeus and Hemiechinus auritus hedgehogs from recovery centers of Portugal.

Enterocytozoon bieneusi microsporidia are emerging pathogens infecting a wide range of vertebrate and invertebrate hosts, known to have zoonotic features since they infect both wild and domestic animals, and humans. Despite their significance, there is very limited epidemiological data on microsporidia in hedgehogs, especially European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) and long-eared hedgehogs (Hemiechinus auritus), the former known as synantropic hedgehogs, and the latter suited as pets. As such, the present study aimed to assess the presence of E.

A Thorny Tale of Parasites: Screening for Enteric Protozoan Parasites in Hedgehogs from Portugal.

Enteric protozoan parasites, such as sp., , spp., and , may have implications for both animal and human health.

[Spatial-temporal distribution of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil from 2007 to 2020Distribución espaciotemporal de la leishmaniasis visceral en Brasil en el período 2007-2020].

Objective: To analyze the dynamics of the spatial and temporal distribution of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil from 2007 to 2020.

Method: This ecological study focused on the spatial pattern of visceral leishmaniasis cases in Brazil from 2007 to 2020 using data from the Information System for Notifiable Diseases (SINAN). The variables analyzed were the incidence rate of visceral leishmaniasis and the visceral leishmaniasis composite indicator (VLCI), from which triennial thematic maps were constructed.

Genotypic and Phenotypic Characterization of Pathogenic , spp., and spp., in Free-Living Birds in Mainland Portugal.

Birds are potential carriers of pathogens affecting humans and agriculture. Aiming to evaluate the occurrence of the top three most important foodborne pathogens in free-living birds in Portugal, we investigated 108 individual fecal samples from free-living birds and one pooled sample of gull feces ( = 50) for the presence of (pathogenic and non-pathogenic), spp. and spp.

Pathogenic , spp. and spp. in Two Natural Conservation Centers of Wildlife in Portugal: Genotypic and Phenotypic Characterization.

Human-wildlife coexistence may increase the potential risk of direct transmission of emergent or re-emergent zoonotic pathogens to humans. Intending to assess the occurrence of three important foodborne pathogens in wild animals of two wildlife conservation centers in Portugal, we investigated 132 fecal samples for the presence of (Shiga toxin-producing (STEC) and non-STEC), spp. and spp.

[Tuberculosis and diabetes comorbidity in Brazil, 2012-2018: exploratory spatial data analysis and statistical modelingLa comorbilidad tuberculosis-diabetes en Brasil, 2012-2018: análisis exploratorio de la distribución espacial y modelización estadística].

Objective: To describe the spatial distribution of tuberculosis-diabetes comorbidity and identify the social determinants of the double burden of disease in the period from 2012 to 2018 in Brazil.

Method: In the present ecological study, municipalities were the unit of analysis. All cases of tuberculosis reported from 2012 to 2018 to the National Notifiable Disease Information System SINAN were included.

[Abandonment of tuberculosis treatment in Brazil, 2012-2018: trend and spatiotemporal distribution].

Ecological study that analyzes the trend and the spatiotemporal distribution of new cases of tuberculosis (TB) that abandoned treatment in Brazil, notified in the Notifiable Diseases Information System, in the period from 2012 to 2018. For the study of the trend used the Prais-Winsten generalized linear regression model was used and the Moran Global and Local indices for spatial analysis. The mean and median proportion of TB treatment dropout in Brazil was 10.

Nocturnal Birds of Prey as Carriers of and Other Staphylococci: Diversity, Antimicrobial Resistance and Clonal Lineages.

Owls are nocturnal predators that inhabit urbanized and farmlands. They are in direct contact with other animals, both livestock and small wild rodents that they mostly feed on. Staphylococci can be both commensal and pathogenic bacteria that are widespread across the various ecological niches.

Beriberi in Brazil: A Disease That Affects Indigenous People.

Background: Beriberi is the clinical manifestation of thiamine deficiency. It is multicausal and typically associated with poverty and food insecurity among vulnerable populations, such as indigenous people.

Objective: The objective of this study was to carry out a spatial analysis of reported cases of beriberi among indigenous people in Brazil.

Trends in the use of personal protective equipment by health care workers who experienced occupational accidents in Brazil.

Introduction: Personal protective equipment creates a protective barrier for mucous membranes, airways, and skin in situations with possible exposure to biological material.

Objectives: To analyze temporal trends in the use of personal protective equipment at the time of accidental exposure to biological materials in Brazilian health care workers.

Methods: This was an ecological time series study of the use of personal protective equipment in health professionals who experienced accidental exposure to biological materials.

Impact of anthropogenic pressures on wild mammals of Northern Portugal.

Background And Aim: Wild mammals are among the most threatened species of the world in large part due to human activity. In this work, we used the method of partial least squares-path modeling associated with a geographic information system to analyze the impact of anthropogenic pressures on the mortality of wild mammals.

Materials And Methods: We collected the data related to the cause of death of native wild mammals admitted to the Wildlife Rehabilitation Centre of Parque Biológico de Gaia in Northern Portugal, during 10 years (2008-2017).

Outcomes, Mortality Causes, and Pathological Findings in European Hedgehogs (, Linnaeus 1758): A Seventeen Year Retrospective Analysis in the North of Portugal.

This study aimed to analyze the admission causes, outcomes, primary causes of death, and main lesions observed in the post mortem examinations of Western European hedgehogs, (Linnaeus, 1758), in the north of Portugal. The data were obtained by consulting the records from the two main wildlife rehabilitation centers located in the north of Portugal (Wildlife Rehabilitation Centre of Parque Biologico de Gaia and the Wildlife Rehabilitation Centre of the University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro). Over 17 years (2002-2019) a total of 740 animals were admitted.

Pyometra Caused by in a Wild European Hedgehog ().

A severely debilitated, free-living adult female European hedgehog () was presented for rehabilitation. It died overnight, and postmortem examination revealed a closed pyometra. Histopathology confirmed metritis with endometrial hyperplasia, and was isolated from the purulent uterine material.

Preservation of wild bird species in northern Portugal - Effects of anthropogenic pressures in wild bird populations (2008-2017).

In this study we aim to obtain a holistic view over the consequences of human-induced threats to the wild bird populations in the study area, based on data collected from a Wildlife Rehabilitation Centre (WRC) through the method of Partial Least Squares-Path Modelling (PLS-PM). The study area comprised 76 rural and urban municipalities located in northern Portugal. Within PLS-PM the threats ("anthropogenic pressures") are termed exogenous latent variables, while the final environmental consequence (wild bird mortality) is termed endogenous latent variable.

Assessment of the exposure to heavy metals and arsenic in captive and free-living black kites (Milvus migrans) nesting in Portugal.

Due to their high trophic level, raptor species may serve as important indicators of environmental contamination by heavy metals. This study was conducted to determine if the habitat of the black kite (Milvus migrans) is contaminated by heavy metals and arsenic and to assess the degree and type of exposure that may be present. For this purpose, this study was conducted on a group of captive birds (n = 12) and on a group of free-living birds admitted to two wildlife rehabilitation centers (n = 31).

Biomonitoring of heavy metals (Cd, Hg, and Pb) and metalloid (As) with the Portuguese common buzzard (Buteo buteo).

The accumulation of heavy metals in the environment may have a wide range of health effects on animals and humans. Thus, in this study, the concentrations of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg) in the blood and tissues (liver and kidney) of Portuguese common buzzards (Buteo buteo) were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) in order to monitor environmental pollution to these elements. In general, Hg and As were the elements which appeared in the highest and lowest concentrations, respectively.