Neuropharmacological Profile of Gamma-Decanolactone on Chemically-induced Seizure in Mice.

Background: Gamma-Decanolactone (GD) is a monoterpene compound that presents anticonvulsant effect in acute and chronic models of epilepsy and it acts as a noncompetitive glutamate antagonist.

Objective: This study evaluated the anticonvulsant profile and the possible mechanism of action of GD in seizures induced by isoniazid (INH; 250 mg/kg), picrotoxin (PCT; 5 mg/kg) and 4- aminopyridine (4-AP; 13 mg/kg) in male mice.

Method: Thirty minutes before the convulsants administration, animals received a single administration of saline, GD (100 or 300 mg/kg) or the positive control diazepam (DZP; 2 mg/kg).

Citrus essential oils inhalation by mice: Behavioral testing, GCMS plasma analysis, corticosterone, and melatonin levels evaluation.

The use of orange essential oils (EOs) as a complementary treatment is very common in Brazilian popular culture. The levels of melatonin (MEL) and corticosterone (CORT) hormones were investigated simultaneously, by the Luminex™ immunoassay system in mice plasma, after Citrus aurantium and Citrus sinensis EOs inhalation for 30 min. The plasma was analyzed by headspace through gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry for investigation of the EO components.

Rosmarinic Acid Attenuates the Activation of Murine Microglial N9 Cells through the Downregulation of Inflammatory Cytokines and Cleaved Caspase-3.

Objective: The present study evaluated the ability of rosmarinic acid (RA) to inhibit microglia activation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the N9 murine microglial cell line, and investigated the putative mechanisms involved in this process.

Methods: In all tests, N9 murine microglial cells were pretreated with RA (0.1, 1.

Gamma-Decanolactone Improves Biochemical Parameters Associated with Pilocarpine-Induced Seizures in Male Mice.

Background And Objective: Gamma-decanolactone (GD) is a monoterpene effective against seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole. The mechanism of action of GD is likely to be via glutamate antagonism. GD also inhibits intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in vitro.

Manual acupuncture improves parameters associated with oxidative stress and inflammation in PTZ-induced kindling in mice.

The use of acupuncture in the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) disorders is an age-old practice. Although only a few studies have proved its efficacy, evidence has indicated the use of acupuncture to treat different types of seizures. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of manual acupuncture (MAC) using the chemical kindling model.

Neurobehavioral effects of vigabatrin and its ability to induce DNA damage in brain cells after acute treatment in rats.

Rationale: Vigabatrin (VGB) is a drug indicated mostly for the treatment of spasms in childhood and West's syndrome patients. This drug inhibits irreversibly the enzyme GABA-transaminase (GABA-T), increasing GABA concentrations and enhancing GABAergic neurotransmission in the brain, which is known to induce behavioral changes.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of VGB in the short-term memory (STM), long-term memory (LTM), motivation, locomotion, and exploratory behavior tests and to detect deleterious or protective effects on DNA in target tissues of the drug.

Behavioral and genotoxic evaluation of rosmarinic and caffeic acid in acute seizure models induced by pentylenetetrazole and pilocarpine in mice.

The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of rosmarinic acid (RA) and caffeic acid (CA) in the acute pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) and pilocarpine (PIL) seizure models. We also evaluated the effect of RA and CA on the diazepam (DZP)-induced sleeping time test and its possible neuroprotective effect against the genotoxic damage induced by PTZ and PIL. Mice were treated intraperitoneally (i.

Antiepileptogenic, antioxidant and genotoxic evaluation of rosmarinic acid and its metabolite caffeic acid in mice.

Aims: Antioxidant compounds have been extensively investigated as a pharmacological alternatives to prevent epileptogenesis. Rosmarinic acid (RA) and caffeic acid (CA) are compounds with antioxidant properties, and RA has been shown to inhibit GABA transaminase activity (in vitro). Our aim was to evaluate the effect of RA and CA on seizures induced by pentylenotetrazole (PTZ) using the kindling model in mice.