Qualitative Health-Related Quality of Life and Natural Language Processing: Characteristics, Implications, and Challenges.

Objectives: This article focuses on describing the main characteristics of the application of NLP in the qualitative assessment of quality of life, as well as its implications and challenges.

Methods: The qualitative methodology allows analysing patient comments in unstructured free text and obtaining valuable information through manual analysis of these data. However, large amounts of data are a healthcare challenge since it would require a high number of staff and time resources that are not available in most healthcare organizations.

Toward One Health: a spatial indicator system to model the facilitation of the spread of zoonotic diseases.

Recurrent outbreaks of zoonotic infectious diseases highlight the importance of considering the interconnections between human, animal, and environmental health in disease prevention and control. This has given rise to the concept of One Health, which recognizes the interconnectedness of between human and animal health within their ecosystems. As a contribution to the One Health approach, this study aims to develop an indicator system to model the facilitation of the spread of zoonotic diseases.

Effect of Ethanol Consumption on the Accuracy of a Glucose Oxidase-Based Subcutaneous Glucose Sensor in Subjects with Type 1 Diabetes.

Continuous glucose monitors (CGM) have improved the management of patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D), with glucose oxidase (GOx)-based sensors being the most used. However, they are potentially subject to both electrochemical and enzymatic interferences, including those related to changes of pH. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of ethanol, given as beer along with a mixed meal, on the accuracy of a commercial GOx-CGM.

Spatial statistical analysis of the relationship between self-reported mental health during the COVID-19 lockdown and closeness to green infrastructure.

The COVID-19 pandemic has produced alterations in the behaviour and psychological health of people, who have had to learn living under uncertain circumstances escaping their control. This situation has been aggravated in those countries applying strict home confinement rules to try bending their epidemic curve. This is the case of Spain, where the stringent lockdown period was extended over three months.

Effect of meal composition and alcohol consumption on postprandial glucose concentration in subjects with type 1 diabetes: a randomized crossover trial.

Introduction: Meal composition is known to affect glycemic variability and glucose control in type 1 diabetes. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of high carbohydrate meals of different nutritional composition and alcohol on the postprandial glucose response in patients with type 1 diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: Twelve participants were recruited to this randomized crossover trial.

Updated Software for Automated Assessment of Glucose Variability and Quality of Glycemic Control in Diabetes.

Glycemic variability is an important factor to consider in diabetes management. It can be assessed with multiple glycemic variability metrics and quality of control indices based on continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) recordings. For this, a robust repeatable calculation is important.

Assessment of Glucose Control Metrics by Discriminant Ratio.

Increasing use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data has created an array of glucose metrics for glucose variability, temporal patterns, and times in ranges. However, a gold standard metric has not been defined. We assess the performance of multiple glucose metrics to determine their ability to detect intra- and interperson variability to determine a set of recommended metrics.

Parallel Control of an Artificial Pancreas with Coordinated Insulin, Glucagon, and Rescue Carbohydrate Control Actions.

Background: An artificial pancreas with insulin and glucagon delivery has the potential to reduce the risk of hypo- and hyperglycemia in people with type 1 diabetes. However, a maximum dose of glucagon of 1 mg/d is recommended, potentially still requiring rescue carbohydrates in some situations. This work presents a parallel control structure with intrinsic insulin, glucagon, and rescue carbohydrates coordination to overcome glucagon limitations when needed.

Continuous Glucose Monitoring in People With Type 1 Diabetes on Multiple-Dose Injection Therapy: The Relationship Between Glycemic Control and Hypoglycemia.

Objective: The inverse relationship between overall glucose control and hypoglycemia risk is weakened by the use of real-time continuous glucose monitoring (rtCGM). We assess the relationship between glucose control and hypoglycemia in people with type 1 diabetes using multiple-dose injection (MDI) regimens, including those at highest risk of hypoglycemia.

Research Design And Methods: CGM data from the intervention (rtCGM) and control (self-monitored blood glucose [SMBG]) phases of the Multiple Daily Injections and Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Diabetes (DIAMOND) and HypoDE studies were analyzed.

Glycemic Variability and Hypoglycemic Excursions With Continuous Glucose Monitoring Compared to Intermittently Scanned Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Adults With Highest Risk Type 1 Diabetes.

Background: The I-HART CGM study has shown that real-time continuous glucose monitoring (rtCGM) has greater beneficial impact on hypoglycemia than intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (iscCGM) in adults with type 1 diabetes at high risk (Gold score ≥4 or recent severe hypoglycemia using insulin injections). In this subanalysis, we present the impact of rtCGM and iscCGM on glycemic variability (GV).

Methods: Forty participants were recruited to this parallel group study.

Plasma Insulin Levels and Hypoglycemia Affect Subcutaneous Interstitial Glucose Concentration.

Background: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) accuracy during hypoglycemia is suboptimal. This might be partly explained by insulin or hypoglycemia-induced changes in the plasma interstitial subcutaneous (SC) fluid glucose gradient. The aim of the present study was to assess the role of plasma insulin (PI) and hypoglycemia itself in the plasma and interstitial SC fluid glucose concentration in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Revisiting the Relationships Between Measures of Glycemic Control and Hypoglycemia in Continuous Glucose Monitoring Data Sets.

Objective: The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) identified an inverse relationship between HbA and severe hypoglycemia. We investigated the relationship between hypoglycemia and HbA in a large type 1 diabetes cohort on multiple daily injection or insulin pump therapy using blinded continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data. The impact of real-time CGM on these relationships and how these relationships differ with biochemical definitions of hypoglycemia have also been assessed.

Closed-Loop Control of Postprandial Glycemia Using an Insulin-on-Board Limitation Through Continuous Action on Glucose Target.

Background: Postprandial (PP) control remains a challenge for closed-loop (CL) systems. Few studies with inconsistent results have systematically investigated the PP period.

Objective: To compare a new CL algorithm with current pump therapy (open loop [OL]) in the PP glucose control in type 1 diabetes (T1D) subjects.