Improving Strength and Fatigue Resistance in Post-Polio Syndrome Individuals with REAC Neurobiological Treatments.

Post-Polio Syndrome (PPS) is a chronic condition characterized by the emergence of new symptoms and functional decline in individuals who previously had polio. Despite advances in medical understanding, management of PPS remains challenging. This study aimed to evaluate the use of neurobiological modulation treatments using Radio Electric Asymmetric Conveyer (REAC) technology on fatigue and muscle strength.

The subiculum role on learning and memory tasks using rats and mice: A scoping review.

This scoping review aimed to systematically identify and summarize data related to subiculum involvement in learning and memory behavioral tasks in rats and mice. Following a systematic strategy based on PICO and PRISMA guidelines, we searched five indexed databases (PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Scopus, and PsycInfo) using a standardized search strategy to identify peer-reviewed articles published in English (pre-registration: osf.io/hm5ea).

The contextual fear conditioning consolidation depends on the functional interaction of the dorsal subiculum and basolateral amygdala in rats.

Fear conditioning tasks enable us to explore the neural basis of adaptative and maladaptive behaviors related to aversive memories. Recently, we provided the first evidence of the dorsal subiculum (DSub) involvement in contextual fear conditioning (CFC) consolidation by showing that the post-training bilateral NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptor blockade in DSub impaired the performance of animals in the test session. As the memory consolidation process depends on the coordinated engagement of different brain regions, and the DSub share reciprocal projections with the basolateral amygdala (BLA), which is also involved in CFC, it is possible that the functional interaction between these sites can be relevant for the consolidation of this task.

The current state of ayahuasca research in animal models: A systematic review.

Rationale: The psychedelic brew ayahuasca is increasingly being investigated for its therapeutic potential. Animal models are essential to investigate the pharmacological effects of ayahuasca since they can control important factors influencing it, such as the set and setting.

Objective: Review and summarise data available on ayahuasca research using animal models.

Effects of repeated ayahuasca administration on behaviour and c-Fos expression in male rats exposed to the open field.

Considering the long-lasting effects of ayahuasca on the brain and emotional processing, the objective of this study was to evaluate the behavioural and neurobiological effects of repeated ayahuasca administration in an animal model of exploratory behaviour related to novel-environment anxiety. Male Wistar rats received water, 120, 240, 480 or 3600 mg/kg of resuspended freeze-dried ayahuasca by gavage once a day for 30 days; there was also a non-manipulated homecage group. One hour after the last administration, animals were placed individually in the open field for 20 min.

Ayahuasca Lyophilization (Freeze-drying) Protocol with Pre- and Post-procedure Alkaloids Quantification.

Ayahuasca is a psychoactive brew from the decoction of different Amazonian plants, traditionally used in several cultures, religions, and rituals. Scientific studies with ayahuasca are rapidly increasing due to its subjective effects and therapeutic potential. Although ayahuasca is traditionally used in its liquid presentation, lyophilized (freeze-dried) ayahuasca is often used in scientific experimentation settings.

The dorsal subiculum is not necessary for step-through inhibitory avoidance acquisition and consolidation in rats.

The dorsal subiculum (DSub) has reciprocal connections with the dorsal hippocampus, and these regions play a role in spatial representation in contextual fear conditioning (CFC). Recently, we used AP5 and muscimol infusions to show that the DSub is required for CFC consolidation. The CFC component can be present in other learning tasks, such as step-through inhibitory avoidance (ST IA), which requires the dorsal hippocampus for acquisition and consolidation.

The dorsal subiculum is required for contextual fear conditioning consolidation in rats.

The hippocampal formation has a well-known role in contextual fear conditioning. The dorsal subiculum connects the hippocampus to the entorhinal cortex through pathways that seemingly rely on NMDA-dependent synaptic plasticity. The role of the dorsal subiculum in contextual fear conditioning retrieval, but not acquisition, has been previously reported.

Involvement of the prelimbic cortex in contextual fear conditioning with temporal and spatial discontinuity.

Time plays an important role in conditioning, it is not only possible to associate stimuli with events that overlap, as in delay fear conditioning, but it is also possible to associate stimuli that are discontinuous in time, as shown in trace conditioning for a discrete stimuli. The environment itself can be a powerful conditioned stimulus (CS) and be associated to unconditioned stimulus (US). Thus, the aim of the present study was to determine the parameters in which contextual fear conditioning occurs by the maintenance of a contextual representation over short and long time intervals.

Effects of Long-Term Ayahuasca Administration on Memory and Anxiety in Rats.

Ayahuasca is a hallucinogenic beverage that combines the action of the 5-HT2A/2C agonist N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) from Psychotria viridis with the monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) induced by beta-carbonyls from Banisteriopsis caapi. Previous investigations have highlighted the involvement of ayahuasca with the activation of brain regions known to be involved with episodic memory, contextual associations and emotional processing after ayahuasca ingestion. Moreover long term users show better performance in neuropsychological tests when tested in off-drug condition.

Chronic intermittent hypoxia increases encoding pigment epithelium-derived factor gene expression, although not that of the protein itself, in the temporal cortex of rats.

Objective: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is mainly characterized by intermittent hypoxia (IH) during sleep, being associated with several complications. Exposure to IH is the most widely used animal model of sleep apnea, short-term IH exposure resulting in cognitive and neuronal impairment. Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a hypoxia-sensitive factor acting as a neurotrophic, neuroprotective, and antiangiogenic agent.