Maternal exercise before and during pregnancy protects against genotoxicity and promotes offspring hippocampal health in mice prenatally exposed to high fructose.

The fetal brain is susceptible to programming effects during pregnancy, potentially leading to long-term consequences for offspring's cognitive health. Fructose intake is thought to adversely affect fetal brain development, whereas physical exercise before and during pregnancy may be protective. Therefore, this study aimed to assess biochemical and genotoxic changes in maternal hippocampi and behavioral, genotoxic, and biochemical alterations in offspring hippocampi.

Moderate India Pale Ale beer consumption promotes antigenotoxic and non-mutagenic effects in ex vivo and in vivo mice models.

Background: Discussion of the benefits of moderate alcohol consumption is ongoing. Broadly, research focusing on ethanol consumption tends to report no benefits. However, studies that distinguish between different types of alcoholic beverages, particularly beers, often reveal positive effects.

Behavioral, genetic and biochemical changes in the brain of the offspring of female mice treated with caffeine during pregnancy and lactation.

The intrauterine environment is a critical location for exposure to exogenous and endogenous factors that trigger metabolic changes through fetal programming. Among the external factors, chemical compounds stand out, which include caffeine, since its consumption is common among women, including during pregnancy. Thereby, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the behavioral, genetic, and biochemical parameters in the offspring of female mice treated with caffeine during pregnancy and lactation.

Metabolic programming in offspring of mice fed fructose during pregnancy and lactation.

Fructose (CHO), also known as levulose, is a hexose. Chronic consumption of fructose may be associated with increased intrahepatic fat concentration and the development of insulin resistance as well as an increase in the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and hyperlipidemia during pregnancy. Despite the existence of many studies regarding the consumption of fructose in pregnancy, its effects on fetuses have not yet been fully elucidated.

Minimum Information for Reporting on the Comet Assay (MIRCA): recommendations for describing comet assay procedures and results.

The comet assay is a widely used test for the detection of DNA damage and repair activity. However, there are interlaboratory differences in reported levels of baseline and induced damage in the same experimental systems. These differences may be attributed to protocol differences, although it is difficult to identify the relevant conditions because detailed comet assay procedures are not always published.

Melatonin ameliorates oxidative stress and DNA damage of rats subjected to a chemically induced chronic model of Maple Syrup Urine Disease.

Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD) is an inborn error of metabolism caused by a deficiency of branched α-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex (BCKDC) activity. Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) accumulation is, at least in part, responsible for neurological disturbances characteristic of this metabolic disorder. Experimental studies demonstrated that high levels of BCAA induce brain oxidative stress.

Fructose consumption during pregnancy and lactation causes DNA damage and biochemical changes in female mice.

The consumption of fructose during pregnancy can cause hyperglycaemia and may stimulate production of reactive oxygen species; however, there are only a few studies reporting whether fructose consumption during pregnancy causes DNA damage. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of fructose consumption on genetic and biochemical parameters in Swiss mice treated during pregnancy and lactation. For this, 15 couples of 60-day-old Swiss mice were divided into three groups of five couples: negative control (water) and two fructose groups (fructose dose of 10%/l and 20%/l).

Dacarbazine alone or associated with melanoma-bearing cancer pain model induces painful hypersensitivity by TRPA1 activation in mice.

Antineoplastic therapy has been associated with pain syndrome development characterized by acute and chronic pain. The chemotherapeutic agent dacarbazine, used mainly to treat metastatic melanoma, is reported to cause painful symptoms, compromising patient quality of life. Evidence has proposed that transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) plays a critical role in chemotherapy-induced pain syndrome.

Evaluation of genotoxicity and coumarin production in conventional and organic cultivation systems of Spreng.

Sprengel, popularly known as "guaco," is used in Brazilian folk medicine for several inflammatory and allergic conditions. Besides, the popular use "guaco" is indicated by the Brazilian Ministry of Health as a safe and effective herbal medicine. The biological activity of extracts is due to the presence of the coumarins, a large family of phenolic substances found in plants and is made of fused benzene and α-pyrone rings.

Antinociceptive activity of Copaifera officinalis Jacq. L oil and kaurenoic acid in mice.

Copaifera officinalis L. possesses traditional uses as an analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antiseptic. However, until now the antinociceptive effect and the mechanism of action were not described for Copaifera officinalis L.

Genotoxicity of the vegetables juice grown in garden built on the tailings coal deposits.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the genotoxic effect of lettuce ( L.), beet ( L.), broccoli ( var.

Vitamin D3 as adjuvant in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: modulation of genomic and biochemical instability.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus has undergone a worldwide growth in incidence in the world and has now acquired epidemic status. There is a strong link between type 2 diabetes and vitamin D deficiency. Because vitamin D has beneficial effects on glucose homeostasis, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of vitamin D3 supplementation on the modulation of glycaemic control and other metabolic effects, as well as modulation of genomic instability in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Caffeine Neuroprotection Decreases A2A Adenosine Receptor Content in Aged Mice.

Caffeine is a bioactive compound worldwide consumed with effect into the brain. Part of its action in reducing incidence or delaying Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases symptoms in human is credited to the adenosine receptors properties. However, the impact of caffeine consumption during aging on survival of brain cells remains debatable.

Low DNA damage in peripheral lymphocytes of healthy elderly individuals with inverted CD4:CD8 ratio.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the DNA damage in peripheral lymphocytes and the frequencies of CD8+ T cells expressing CD25, CD28 and CD45ro in aged individuals with inverted CD4:CD8 ratio. Blood samples of elderly individuals (aged >65) with normal CD4:CD8 ratio (n = 8) and inverted CD4:CD8 ratio (n = 8) were collected to identify the expression of CD25+, CD28+ and CD45ro+ in CD8+ T cells. DNA damage index was evaluated by the alkaline comet assay which was performed in lymphocytes treated with different concentrations of methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) (control non-treatment, 2 × 10 M, 4 × 10 M) for 1, 2 or 24 h.

Sodium butyrate improves memory and modulates the activity of histone deacetylases in aged rats after the administration of d-galactose.

Aging is a complex biological process. Epigenetic alterations have been related to both aging and memory decline. Included amongst these alterations is histone acetylation, which may play a crucial role in aging.

Hibiscus acetosella extract protects against alkylating agent-induced DNA damage in mice.

Hibiscus acetosella was shown to exert beneficial effects in humans and animal models however, the effects of this plant on DNA are unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the antigenotoxic and antimutagenic effects of H. acetosella extracts on alkylating agent methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) in vivo in mice.

Production, characterization and toxicology assay of creatine pegylated nanoliposome with polysorbate 80 for brain delivery.

Creatine acts intracellularly as energy buffer and storage, demonstrating protective effects in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases. However, its permeability throught blood-brain barrier (BBB) is reduced. The aim of the present study was developing a carrier to facilitate the delivery of creatine to the central nervous system.