Racial and Other Healthcare Disparities in Patients With Extensive-Stage SCLC.

Introduction: Systemic treatment with chemotherapy is warranted for patients with extensive-stage SCLC (ES-SCLC). The objective of this study was to determine whether racial and other healthcare disparities exist in receipt of chemotherapy for ES-SCLC.

Methods: Utilizing the National Cancer Database, 148,961 patients diagnosed to have stage IV SCLC from 2004 to 2016 were identified.

Tools to Promote Shared Decision-Making in Lung Cancer Screening Using Low-Dose CT Scanning: A Systematic Review.

Background: Decisions about lung cancer screening are inherently complex and create a need for methods to convey the risks and benefits of screening to patients.

Research Question: What kind of decision aids or tools are available to support shared decision-making for lung cancer screening? What is the current evidence for the effectiveness, acceptability, and feasibility of those tools?

Study Design And Methods: We conducted a systematic review of studies and searched PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Clinical Trials Register, and ClinicalTrials.gov from inception to December 2019 for studies that evaluated the effectiveness and acceptability of tools to promote shared decision-making for patients who are considering lung cancer screening.

Early trends and predictors of renal function following computed tomography-guided percutaneous cryoablation of a renal mass in patients with and without prior renal impairment.

Objective: To assess trends and predictors of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) after renal mass cryoablation in patients with and without history of renal impairment.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective study of 39 patients who underwent computed tomography-guided percutaneous cryoablation of a renal mass, divided into two groups: those with prior renal impairment (PRI+); and those without prior renal impairment (PRI-). The GFR trend and the chronic kidney disease stage were evaluated at baseline, as well as at 1, 6, and 12 months after cryoablation.

Imaging manifestations of immune-related adverse effects in checkpoint inhibitor therapies: A primer for the radiologist.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors are monoclonal antibodies directed against cellular pathways on T-cells to treat different types of malignancies. This new therapy can cause immune-related adverse events that can involve almost any organ system. This article will review clinical presentations, molecular mechanisms and imaging manifestations of adverse events caused by checkpoint inhibitors and also illustrate the pseudoprogression tumor response pattern.

CT Texture Analysis and Machine Learning Improve Post-ablation Prognostication in Patients with Adrenal Metastases: A Proof of Concept.

Introduction: To assess the performance of pre-ablation computed tomography texture features of adrenal metastases to predict post-treatment local progression and survival in patients who underwent ablation using machine learning as a prediction tool.

Materials And Methods: This is a pilot retrospective study of patients with adrenal metastases undergoing ablation. Clinical variables were collected.

Rare gene fusion rearrangement SPTNB1-PDGFRB in an atypical myeloproliferative neoplasm.

The 2016 revision to the World Health Organization classification of myeloid neoplasms and acute leukemia recognizes a distinct class of myeloid and lymphoid tumors with eosinophilia-related proliferations associated with specific gene rearrangements, one of which involves rearrangements of platelet-derived growth factor receptor B (PDGFRB) gene. We report a case of a rare PDGFRB rearrangement with SPTNB1 (spectrin beta, nonerythrocytic 1) that presented as atypical myeloproliferative neoplasm.

Image-Guided Percutaneous Omental and Mesenteric Biopsy: Assessment of Technical Success Rate and Diagnostic Yield.

Purpose: To assess biopsy technique, technical success rate, and diagnostic yield of image-guided percutaneous biopsy of omental and mesenteric lesions.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included 186 patients (89 men, 97 women; mean [SD] age, 63 [13.8] y) who underwent percutaneous image-guided biopsy of omentum and mesentery between March 2007 and August 2015.

Accelerated phase chronic myeloid leukemia: evaluation of clinical criteria as predictors of survival, major cytogenetic response and progression to blast phase.

Background: Published criteria defining the accelerated phase in chronic myeloid leukemia are heterogeneous and little is known about predictors of poor outcome.

Methods: This is a retrospective study of 139 subjects in the accelerated phase of chronic myeloid leukemia treated with imatinib at a single center in Brazil. The objective was to identify risk factors for survival, major cytogenetic response and progression to blast phase in this population.