Mapping Oral health and Local Area Resources (MOLAR): protocol for a randomised controlled trial connecting emergency department patients with social and dental resources.

Introduction: There are substantial inequities in oral health access and outcomes in the USA, including by income and racial and ethnic identity. People with adverse social determinants of health (aSDoH), such as housing or food insecurity, are also more likely to have unmet dental needs. Many patients with dental problems present to the emergency department (ED), where minimal dental care or referral is usually available.

Challenges connecting emergency department patients with oral health care: A qualitative analysis of patients, emergency department clinicians, and dentists.

Background: Unmet dental need shares many risk factors with unmet health-related social needs (HRSN) such as housing and food security and are a common cause for seeking treatment at the emergency department (ED).

Methods: The authors recruited a purposive sample of English-speaking and Spanish-speaking patients, ED clinicians at 3 urban EDs, and dentists from nearby communities to participate in qualitative interviews to explore barriers to and facilitators of screening for HRSN and unmet dental needs in the ED. Themes were identified from transcripts using a modified grounded theory approach.

Epitope identification of a Lys63 linkage ubiquitin antibody by mass spectrometric epitope excision and extraction approaches.

Ubiquitin, a conserved protein in eukaryotic cells, exists as a monomer or polyubiquitin chains known as isopeptide-linked polymers. These chains are attached to a substrate or other ubiquitin molecules through a covalent bond between the α-amino group of lysine in ubiquitin and glycine in the C-terminal of the subsequent ubiquitin unit. The choice of the specific lysine residue in ubiquitin for forming ubiquitin-ubiquitin chains determines its biochemical and biological function.

Portable near-infrared and Raman spectroscopic devices as complementary tools for instantaneous quality control of turmeric powder.

Introduction: Process analytical technology (PAT) guidance is implemented in the quality assurance of phytocompounds to achieve the Industry 4.0 concept. Near-infrared (NIR) and Raman spectroscopies are feasible for rapid, reliable quantitative analysis through transparent packaging without removing the samples from their original containers.

A Comparative Study of Benchtop and Portable NIR and Raman Spectroscopic Methods for the Quantitative Determination of Curcuminoids in Turmeric Powder.

Turmeric consumption is continually increasing worldwide. Curcuminoids are major active constituents in turmeric and are associated with numerous health benefits. A combination of spectroscopic methods and chemometrics shows the suitability of turmeric for food quality control due to advantages such as speed, versatility, portability, and no need for sample preparation.

Quantification of Mucosal Activity from Colonoscopy Reports via the Simplified Endoscopic Mucosal Assessment for Crohn's Disease.

Background: Endoscopic mucosal healing is the gold standard for evaluating Crohn's disease (CD) treatment efficacy. Standard endoscopic indices are not routinely used in clinical practice, limiting the quality of retrospective research. A method for retrospectively quantifying mucosal activity from documentation is needed.

Incidence and Sequelae of Liver Injury Among Children Treated for Solid Tumors: Analysis of a Large Single-Center Prospective Cohort.

Objectives: Pediatric oncology patients are at risk of adverse drug events. The incidence and etiologies of liver injury in this population are not well characterized. We utilized a large, single-center pediatric oncology registry to investigate the incidence, causes, and outcomes of liver injury during treatment for solid tumor malignancies.

Prevalence of Lower-Extremity Arterial Calcification in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Complicated by Foot Disease at an Urban US Tertiary-Care Center.

Background: We sought to determine the prevalence of lower-extremity arterial calcification in a cohort of patients with diabetes and associated foot pathology receiving inpatient treatment at an urban US tertiary health-care system.

Methods: The primary outcome measure was defined as either radiographic evidence of vessel calcification or noninvasive vascular testing that resulted in any reporting of vessel noncompressibility or an ankle-brachial index greater than 1.1.

In line monitoring of the powder flow behavior and drug content in a Fette 3090 feed frame at different operating conditions using Near Infrared spectroscopy.

Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy was used to determine the drug concentration in 3% (w/w) acetaminophen blends within the complex flow regime of the tablet press feed frame just before tablet compaction. NIR spectra also provided valuable information on the powder flow behavior within the feed frame and were used to track when a process enters or leaves the steady state. A partial least squares regression calibration model was developed with powder mixtures that varied from 1.

Process analytical technology in continuous manufacturing of a commercial pharmaceutical product.

The implementation of process analytical technology and continuous manufacturing at an FDA approved commercial manufacturing site is described. In this direct compaction process the blends produced were monitored with a Near Infrared (NIR) spectroscopic calibration model developed with partial least squares (PLS) regression. The authors understand that this is the first study where the continuous manufacturing (CM) equipment was used as a gravimetric reference method for the calibration model.

PNPLA3 I148M polymorphism is associated with elevated alanine transaminase levels in Mexican Indigenous and Mestizo populations.

The patatin like phospholipase domain-containing (PNPLA3) I148M variant is the strongest genetic factor associated with elevated alanine transaminase (ALT) levels in different populations, particularly in Hispanics who have the highest 148M risk allele frequency reported to date. It has been suggested that Indigenous ancestry is associated with higher ALT levels in Mexicans. The aim of the present study was to assess the frequency of the PNPLA3 148M risk allele in Mexican indigenous and Mestizo individuals, and to examine its association with serum ALT levels.

Infliximab therapy for patients with moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial.

Background: Biologic therapies with anti-tumor necrosis factor agents are promising treatments for hidradenitis suppurativa (HS).

Objective: We assessed the efficacy and safety of infliximab (IFX) for the treatment of moderate to severe HS.

Methods: A prospective double-blind treatment phase of 8 weeks where patients received IFX or placebo was followed by an open-label phase where patients taking placebo were given the opportunity to cross over to IFX, and an observational phase.

The importance of recognizing and treating low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol: a new era in atherosclerosis management.

Low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) represent a major cardiovascular risk factor, with a stronger relationship to coronary heart disease than that seen with elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). HDL-C has important antiatherogenic effects, including reverse cholesterol transport, inhibition of LDL-C oxidation, and antiplatelet and anti-inflammatory actions. Patients with low HDL-C are also at an amplified risk of coronary heart disease due to the common coexistence of other risk factors, including excess adiposity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertriglyceridemia, and the atherogenic dyslipidemia characterized by small dense LDL-C.