Evaluating smartphone-based 3D imaging techniques for clinical application in oral and maxillofacial surgery: A comparative study with the vectra M5.

Purpose: This study aimed to clarify the applicability of smartphone-based three-dimensional (3D) surface imaging for clinical use in oral and maxillofacial surgery, comparing two smartphone-based approaches to the gold standard.

Methods: Facial surface models (SMs) were generated for 30 volunteers (15 men, 15 women) using the Vectra M5 (Canfield Scientific, USA), the TrueDepth camera of the iPhone 14 Pro (Apple Inc., USA), and the iPhone 14 Pro with photogrammetry.

Impact of Synchronized Radiofrequency and High-Intensity Facial Electrical Stimulation on Facial Muscles and the Superficial Fascial System in the Midface.

Background: Midfacial aging involves skeletal changes, muscle weakening, and fat redistribution, resulting in volume loss, skin sagging, and deepened nasolabial folds. High-Intensity Facial Electrical Stimulation (HIFES) combined with Radiofrequency (RF) is a novel non-invasive method to address these changes by enhancing muscle mass and remodeling subcutaneous tissue.

Objectives: To assess the efficacy of HIFES and Synchronized RF in improving midfacial aesthetics, specifically muscle thickness, skin displacement, and facial volume.

Breast Lipofilling: Is the Bra Really Full? Clinical Bra Pressure Measurement and In Vitro Testing of Processed and Unprocessed Fat Cells.

Background: Breast lipofilling, a popular cosmetic and reconstructive procedure, involves the transplantation of autologous fat to enhance breast volume and contour. Despite its widespread use, cell processing and the aftertreatment remain controversial. This study investigates the pressure applied by a compression bra and reports in vitro stress tests of processed and unprocessed fat cells.

"Utility of Smartphone-based Three-dimensional Surface Imaging for Digital Facial Anthropometry".

Background: The utilization of three-dimensional (3D) surface imaging for facial anthropometry is a significant asset for patients undergoing maxillofacial surgery. Notably, there have been recent advancements in smartphone technology that enable 3D surface imaging.In this study, anthropometric assessments of the face were performed using a smartphone and a sophisticated 3D surface imaging system.

Pure Wisdom or Potemkin Villages? A Comparison of ChatGPT 3.5 and ChatGPT 4 on USMLE Step 3 Style Questions: Quantitative Analysis.

Background: The United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) has been critical in medical education since 1992, testing various aspects of a medical student's knowledge and skills through different steps, based on their training level. Artificial intelligence (AI) tools, including chatbots like ChatGPT, are emerging technologies with potential applications in medicine. However, comprehensive studies analyzing ChatGPT's performance on USMLE Step 3 in large-scale scenarios and comparing different versions of ChatGPT are limited.

The perfusion index as a noninvasive method for monitoring revascularized and replanted digits.

Background: Monitoring replanted digits remains a challenging task in microsurgical units. Previous studies have indicated the perfusion index (PI), a parameter directly proportional to the blood flow, might be a useful tool.

Objective: The PI is evaluated as a monitoring tool in patients with replanted digits.

The Influence of Scar Patterns After Reduction Mammoplasty on Eye Movement and Gaze Pattern: An Eye-Tracking Investigation.

Background: Given that scars are acknowledged as the primary cause of postoperative dissatisfaction following reduction mammoplasty, it is imperative to comprehend the patient's visual perception of different scar patterns in order to enhance patient satisfaction. To achieve this, eye-tracking technology provides an unbiased method of evaluating how observers assess breast scars.

Methods: 58 participants (32 females and 26 males) between the ages of 19 and 82 years (mean age of 29.

Factors influencing the shape, size, symmetry and scar of the nipple-areola complex after bilateral reduction mammoplasty.

Background: Asymmetry and scar formation of the nipple-areola complex (NAC) after reduction mammoplasty with periareolar suture are common complications and can significantly affect patient satisfaction.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate possible procedure-specific influencing factors on asymmetry and shape disturbances of the nipple-areola complex to optimize postoperative outcome and thus improve patient satisfaction.

Methods: 78 patients were followed-up after a 5-year period as part of a retrospective cohort study.

Patient characteristics may affect the lymphatic staining ability of Indocyanine green and Patent blue during lymphaticovenous anastomosis.

Background: The use of dyes like Indocyanine green (ICG) and Patent blue facilitates the identification of lymphatic vessels during lymphaticovenous anastomosis (LVA) surgery. However, some patients experience "staining failure". In these cases, no stained lymphatic vessels can be detected, making supermicrosurgical LVA even more complex.

Facial Anthropometric Measurements and Principles - Overview and Implications for Aesthetic Treatments.

Facial anatomy is highly individual in each patient. Anthropometric measurements can be a useful tool to objectively analyze individual facial anatomy to allow for better comparability before and after treatments to ultimately improve standardization of facial procedures, both nonsurgical and surgical. The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive overview over clinically relevant and feasible facial anthropometric measurements and principles for aesthetic medicine.

Lightweight implants in breast reconstruction.

Objective: Since the first use of silicone implants by Cronin in 1962, there have been several attempts to introduce alternative filling materials for breast implants on the market. A promising new development are lightweight implants, whose filler material is one third lighter than conventional silicone gel. While these implants have been used primarily for aesthetic augmentation, a benefit could be expected particularly in post-mastectomy reconstruction.

The effect of radiotherapy on fat engraftment for complete breast reconstruction using lipofilling only.

Purpose: Lipofilling has been established as a standard technique for contour enhancement following breast reconstruction. However, there is a paucity in current literature regarding the use of this technique for complete reconstruction of the female breast as an alternative to conventional techniques, such as expander or flap-based procedures. In particular, the influence of pre-operative irradiation for successful reconstruction has rarely been examined in published studies.

Implants Versus Lipograft: Analysis of Long-Term Results Following Congenital Breast Asymmetry Correction.

Aims: Congenital breast asymmetry represents a particular challenge to the classic techniques of plastic surgery given the young age of patients at presentation. This study reviews and compares the long-term results of traditional breast augmentation using silicone implants and the more innovative technique of lipografting.

Methods: To achieve this, we not only captured subjective parameters such as satisfaction with outcome and symmetry, but also objective parameters including breast volume and anthropometric measurements.

Intraoperative 3D Comparison of Round and Anatomical Breast Implants: Dispelling a Myth.

Background: Thanks to 3D imaging, it is possible to measure the influence of different parameters on breast augmentation. In this study, we compare the effect of different shapes and sizes of breast implants on the topography of the resulting breast. Furthermore, the impact of different breast implants on inter-landmark distances and on changes of the nipple position was assessed.

Comparison of skin sensitivity following breast reconstruction with three different techniques: Autologous fat grafting, DIEP flap and expander/implant1.

Background: Autologous fat grafting (AFG) has been established over the past two decades as an additive technique during and after breast reconstruction. Complete reconstruction of the breast mound with AFG alone represents an exceptional technique that has been published mostly in case reports or in studies with limited cases.The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of three different techniques for breast reconstruction on the recovery of skin sensitivity at the reconstructed breast.

Monitoring free flaps and replanted digits via perfusion index - A proof of concept study.

Background: Early detection and treatment of vascular complications in replanted digits is essential for the survival. The perfusion index (PI) represents a marker of peripheral perfusion as it shows the ratio of pulsatile to non-pulsatile blood flow.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and applicability of the PI as a monitoring tool for free flaps and replanted digits by measuring the inter- and intraindividual changes in PI.

Autologous fat grafting for breast reconstruction after breast cancer: a 12-year experience.

Purpose: The aim of our study was to examine the surgical outcome and complications (efficiency) as well as the incidence of locoregional recurrence and distant metastases (oncological safety) in patients who underwent autologous fat grafting (AFG) of the breast following breast cancer surgery.

Methods: In our monocentric cohort study, retrospective and prospective data were collected from all consecutive patients who underwent AFG after breast cancer between 2008 and 2020; a total of 93 patients met the inclusion criteria.

Results: Our long-term results showed no increase in tumor recurrence and distant metastases in the studied collective when compared to the available literature.

Surgery of congenital breast asymmetry-which objective parameter influences the subjective satisfaction with long-term results.

Purpose: Congenital breast asymmetry is a serious gynecological malformation for affected patients. The condition hits young women in puberty and is associated with socio-esthetic handicap, depression, and psychosexual problems. Surgical treatment is usually early in the patient's lifetime, so a long-term sustainable solution is important.

Local Triamcinolone Treatment Affects Inflammatory Response in Seroma Exudate of Abdominoplasty Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: As the leading complication of abdominoplasty, seroma formation might represent an inflammatory process in response to surgical trauma. This prospective randomized trial investigated whether local administration of the antiinflammatory agent triamcinolone could prevent seroma accumulation.

Methods: Weekly and cumulative seroma volumes were compared between the study groups A, B, and C over a 4-week follow-up (group A, with drain, without triamcinolone; group B, without drain, without triamcinolone; group C, without drain, with triamcinolone).

New aspects in digital breast assessment: further refinement of a method for automated digital anthropometry.

Purpose: In this trial, we used a previously developed prototype software to assess aesthetic results after reconstructive surgery for congenital breast asymmetry using automated anthropometry. To prove the consensus between the manual and automatic digital measurements, we evaluated the software by comparing the manual and automatic measurements of 46 breasts.

Methods: Twenty-three patients who underwent reconstructive surgery for congenital breast asymmetry at our institution were examined and underwent 3D surface imaging.