Cholesterol Embolic Renal Disease: Experience of a Large Healthcare System.

To determine the clinical-pathological features associated with cholesterol embolic renal disease, and review of literature. This retrospective case series includes patients with cholesterol embolic renal disease (10 of 3087 kidney biopsies) who were diagnosed at Northwell Health, New York, between July 2017 and October 2022. Cholesterol embolic renal disease is a rare disease with a prevalence of 0.

Implication of acute tubular injury in minimal change nephrotic syndrome.

While acute tubular injury (ATI) is known to occur in a significant number of minimal change disease (MCD) nephrotic syndrome cases with acute kidney injury (AKI), the clinical significance is not certain, and AKI may also occur without ATI. This study aimed to evaluate whether the severity of AKI defined by Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria correlated with the presence or severity of ATI in a series of adult patients with MCD. We also looked at whether time to remission of nephrotic syndrome (NS) with treatment correlated with the presence of ATI in those with and without AKI.

Granulomatous myocarditis arising from intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy leading to death diagnosed by postmortem examination: a case report.

Background: Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is used as a standard adjuvant therapy for non-muscle invasive urothelial cancer. Most patients tolerate the treatment well, with mild side effects. Systemic complications are extremely rare, occur due to BCG dissemination and are associated with immunocompromised state and urothelial breach.

COL4A4 variant recently identified: lessons learned in variant interpretation-a case report.

Background: Alport syndrome is a hereditary kidney disease characterized by hematuria and proteinuria. Although there have been reports of autosomal dominant COL4A4 variants, this is likely an underdiagnosed condition. Improved access to affordable genetic testing has increased the diagnosis of Alport syndrome.

Oxalate nephropathy: a review.

This review describes the clinical and pathological features of oxalate nephropathy (ON), defined as a syndrome of decreased renal function associated with deposition of calcium oxalate crystals in kidney tubules. We review the different causes of hyperoxaluria, including primary hyperoxaluria, enteric hyperoxaluria and ingestion-related hyperoxaluria. Recent case series of biopsy-proven ON are reviewed in detail, as well as the implications of these series.

Pathology of COVID-19-associated acute kidney injury.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common among hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), with the occurrence of AKI ranging from 0.5% to 80%. An improved knowledge of the pathology of AKI in COVID-19 is crucial to mitigate and manage AKI and to improve the survival of patients who develop AKI during COVID-19.

Renal deposition and clearance of recombinant poly-IgA complexes in a model of IgA nephropathy.

IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common type of glomerulonephritis worldwide, which follows a chronic but nonetheless highly variable course of progression. IgA immune complexes are the primary source of renal deposits in IgAN. Apart from the presence of granular IgA1 deposits in the glomerular mesangium and mesangial hypercellularity as common features, the detailed process of IgA1 deposition and clearance in the kidney remains unclear.

Deep learning for the classification of medical kidney disease: a pilot study for electron microscopy.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a new frontier and often enigmatic for medical professionals. Cloud computing could open up the field of computer vision to a wider medical audience and deep learning on the cloud allows one to design, develop, train and deploy applications with ease. In the field of histopathology, the implementation of various applications in AI has been successful for whole slide images rich in biological diversity.

Pathophysiology and Pathology of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients With COVID-19.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common among hospitalized patients with Coronavirus Infectious Disease 2019 (COVID-19), with the occurrence of AKI ranging from 0.5% to 80%. The variability in the occurrence of AKI has been attributed to the difference in geographic locations, race/ethnicity, and severity of illness.

Adult primary nephrotic syndrome trends by race: a diminished frequency of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in non-black patients.

Purpose: There have been conflicting data on the relative frequency of common forms of primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS). We undertook this study to look at the causes of PNS in the latest decade from our biopsy population, with a special attention to breakdown by race.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of all cases of adult PNS extracted from a database of 1388 cases for the last 10 years.

Thrombotic Microangiopathy and Acute Kidney Injury Induced After Intravitreal Injection of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Inhibitors VEGF Blockade-Related TMA After Intravitreal Use.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibition can cause worsening hypertension, proteinuria, chronic kidney injury, and glomerular disease. Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) and other nephrotic disorders have been reported with systemic VEGF blockade. These same agents are given intravitreally for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR), albeit at lower doses than those given for systemic indications.

Impaired angiotensin II type 1 receptor signaling contributes to sepsis-induced acute kidney injury.

In sepsis-induced acute kidney injury, kidney blood flow may increase despite decreased glomerular filtration. Normally, angiotensin-II reduces kidney blood flow to maintain filtration. We hypothesized that sepsis reduces angiotensin type-1 receptor (AT1R) expression to account for this observation and tested this hypothesis in a patient case-control study and studies in mice.

COVID-19-Associated Kidney Injury: A Case Series of Kidney Biopsy Findings.

Background: Reports show that AKI is a common complication of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in hospitalized patients. Studies have also observed proteinuria and microscopic hematuria in such patients. Although a recent autopsy series of patients who died with severe COVID-19 in China found acute tubular necrosis in the kidney, a few patient reports have also described collapsing glomerulopathy in COVID-19.

COVID-19 in recent heart transplant recipients: Clinicopathologic features and early outcomes.

Background: The impact of COVID-19 on heart transplant (HTx) recipients remains unclear, particularly in the early post-transplant period.

Methods: We share novel insights from our experience in five HTx patients with COVID-19 (three within 2 months post-transplant) from our institution at the epicenter of the pandemic.

Results: All five exhibited moderate (requiring hospitalization, n = 3) or severe (requiring ICU and/or mechanical ventilation, n = 2) illness.

Treatment of parvovirus B19 viremia to facilitate kidney transplantation in a patient with collapsing glomerulopathy.

Collapsing glomerulopathy (CG) is a severe form of glomerulopathy which results in nephrotic syndrome and often ensues in rapid progression to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Although most commonly a result of HIV infection, other conditions such as parvovirus B19 (PB19) infection have been associated with CG. We present a case of an 18-year-old male with CG associated with PB19 infection who was heterozygous for G1 and G2 genetic variants.

Kidney oxalate crystal deposition in adult patients: A relatively common finding .

Aims: We aim to describe the clinical and histological findings in patients with the finding of any tubular oxalate deposits in kidney biopsy specimens.

Background: The prevalence, manifestation, and outcome of secondary oxalate nephropathy have not been extensively studied.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed the clinical and histological findings in all patients with the finding of any tubular oxalate deposits in kidney biopsy specimens between July 1, 2017, and December 31, 2018, at Northwell Health Pathology Department (Manhasset, NY, USA).

Phospholipase A Receptor Antibody-Positive Pregnancy: A Case Report.

Renal course and clinical outcomes in pregnant women with primary membranous nephropathy are not completely understood. In addition, the use of autoantibodies to M-type phospholipase A receptor (PLAR) as a serologic marker throughout pregnancy and postpartum in the mother and baby is not yet fully elucidated. We followed up a pregnant woman with primary membranous nephropathy during pregnancy and postpartum and describe the clinical course and outcomes of mother and baby and the course of PLAR antibody titers.