Muscle metabolic remodeling in response to endurance exercise in salmonids.

Phenotypic plasticity of skeletal muscle is relevant to swimming performance and metabolism in fishes, especially those that undergo extreme locomotory feats, such as seasonal migration. However, the influence of endurance exercise and the molecular mechanisms coordinating this remodeling are not well understood. The present study examines muscle metabolic remodeling associated with endurance exercise in fed rainbow trout as compared to migrating salmon.

Is FNAC (fine needle aspiration cytology) a useful tool in detection of malignancy in thyroid surgery? A single institution experience.

Objective: To evaluate if FNAC (Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology) is a useful tool in the detection of malignancy in thyroid surgery. FNAC is used routinely as a preoperative diagnostic technique and surgical strategy is often adapted. But is FNAC such a good technique in defining surgical strategy?

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all files of 703 patients operated from 1997 till today.

The heterodimeric glycoprotein hormone, GPA2/GPB5, regulates ion transport across the hindgut of the adult mosquito, Aedes aegypti.

A family of evolutionarily old hormones is the glycoprotein cysteine knot-forming heterodimers consisting of alpha- (GPA) and beta-subunits (GPB), which assemble by noncovalent bonds. In mammals, a common glycoprotein hormone alpha-subunit (GPA1) pairs with unique beta-subunits that establish receptor specificity, forming thyroid stimulating hormone (GPA1/TSHβ) and the gonadotropins luteinizing hormone (GPA1/LHβ), follicle stimulating hormone (GPA1/FSHβ), choriogonadotropin (GPA1/CGβ). A novel glycoprotein heterodimer was identified in vertebrates by genome analysis, called thyrostimulin, composed of two novel subunits, GPA2 and GPB5, and homologs occur in arthropods, nematodes and cnidarians, implying that this neurohormone system existed prior to the emergence of bilateral metazoans.

Effects of diuretic hormone 31, drosokinin, and allatostatin A on transepithelial K⁺ transport and contraction frequency in the midgut and hindgut of larval Drosophila melanogaster.

Recent studies have identified paracrine and endocrine cells in the midgut of larval Drosophila melanogaster as well as midgut and hindgut receptors for multiple neuropeptides implicated in the control of fluid and ion balance. Although the effects of diuretic factors on fluid secretion by isolated Malpighian tubules of D. melanogaster have been examined extensively, relatively little is known about the effects of such factors on gut peristalsis or ion transport across the gut.

Surgical management of acute cholecystitis: results of a 2-year prospective multicenter survey in Belgium.

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is considered nowadays as the standard management of acute cholecystitis (AC). However, results from multicentric studies in the general surgical community are still lacking.

Methods: A prospective multicenter survey of surgical management of AC patients was conducted over a 2-year period in Belgium.

Incarcerated vesico-inguinal hernia: a case report.

In this paper we report a rare case of an incarcerated inguinoscrotal hernia of the urinary bladder in a 64-year-old male patient. He presented with a giant inguinal hernia and pollakisuria. The bladder was surgically repositioned intra-abdominally and resection of part of the bladder fundus was performed through laparotomy.

Splenic abscess complicating infective endocarditis: three case reports.

We present three case-reports of splenic abscess in patients who were initially diagnosed with bacterial endocarditis. In all cases the diagnosis of splenic abscess was based on the findings of abdominal CT scan or MRI. All patients were treated by laparotomy and splenectomy.

Frozen section in thyroid surgery.

Objective: We studied the use of frozen section in the detection of malignancy in thyroid surgery in a large teaching hospital.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed all case notes of patients operated on for thyroid disease between January 1st 1997 and December 31st 2004. We identified 420 operations in 408 patients.

A defunctioning stoma in the treatment of lower third rectal carcinoma.

Introduction: Total mesorectal excision (TME) is the accepted standard for rectal cancer treatment. However, there is an increased risk of symptomatic anastomotic leakage associated with TME as TME potentially endangers the blood supply of the remaining rectum. On top of this, many patients will receive neo-adjuvant radio-chemotherapy.

Skeletal muscle metastasis from a conventional renal cell carcinoma, two years after nephrectomy: a case report.

In this paper, we describe a case of skeletal muscle metastasis from a conventional (clear cell) renal cell carcinoma, two years after nephrectomy. Our first clinical tentative diagnosis was soft tissue tumour, showing the mimicking capacity of renal cell carcinoma. A review of literature shows that skeletal muscle metastases from renal cell carcinoma are extremely rare: only 16 cases have been described.

Osteomyelitis pubis versus osteitis pubis: a case presentation and review of the literature.

An athletic 23 year old man presented with suprapubic tenderness, fever, and raised inflammatory blood variables. A diagnostic laparoscopy was performed, with a presumed diagnosis of retrocaecal appendicitis, but no abnormalities were found, apart from free fluid in the pouch of Douglas. Imaging of the pubic area suggested bony infection and inflammation.

Laparoscopic management of acute small bowel obstruction.

Laparosopy is now a well established tool in abdominal surgery. More often it is used in acute abominal situations. We present our experience with laparoscopy and laparoscopic treatment in patients with acute small bowel obstruction.

Hemobilia: a rare complication of cholecystitis and cholecystolithiasis. Case report.

Hemobilia, although not uncommon, is usually inconsequential and most of the times not even diagnosed. It is known that hemobilia is a rare complication of cholecystitis and cholecystolithiasis. We report the case of a patient who presented with a life-threatening upper gastro-intestinal bleeding due to erosion of the cystic artery by cholecystolithiasis and cholecystitis.

Chondrosarcoma of the thoracic wall.

Eight cases of chondrosarcoma of the thoracic wall were treated during a 13-year period. The radicality of tumor resection was positively correlated with patient survival. Wide primary resection without preceding biopsy is advocated for thoracic lesions suspected from computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging to be chondrosarcoma.

Prophylactic use of a single dose of tobramycin in elective colorectal surgery.

The aim of this prospective study is to acquire clinical experience with a single high dose of tobramycin in prophylactic use. Sixty three patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery, were assigned to receive antibiotic prophylaxis (24 hours perioperatively) in the form of a single high dose of tobramycin and a classically recommended thrice-a-day (TID) administration of clindamycin. The planned dose for tobramycin was 3.

Choledochotomy: primary closure versus T-tube. A prospective trial.

From January 1986 until December 1988 twenty two patients entered a prospective trial comparing primary closure versus T-tube drainage after exploratory choledochotomy for lithiasis, giving 11 primary closures (P) and 11 on T-tube (T). Both groups were well matched for age and risk factors. Preoperative values of alkaline phosphatase on day 2 and 7 were significantly lower in case of primary closure (p less than .

Herniation of the small intestine through an incised rectal prolapse. Case report.

Spontaneous rupture of protruding rectal wall with evisceration is a rare complication of rectal prolapse. We hereby present the case of a woman with a large prolapse of the rectum into which small intestine descended and strangulated. The evisceration became clear after incision of the prolapse taken for a large anal haematoma.

Simulation of vaccination and resistance in leprosy using an epidemiometric model.

Epidemiometric models are useful in studying disease dynamics in populations. Such a model was developed for leprosy and proved useful, but did not take into account age- and sex-specific incidence rates. This paper presents a new version of the model which makes provisions for age and sex differential rates according to the type of leprosy and which includes more realistic parameters for death rates, population variations, and natural growth rates.