The Role of Abdominal Surgery in Refractory Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Enterocolitis: A Case Report.

This article describes the case of a 73-year-old patient with grade 3 immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-induced enteritis. Five different immunosuppressive agents (glucocorticoids, high-dose infliximab, methotrexate, mycophenolate mofetil, and vedolizumab) were administered, however, with no clinical or radiographical benefit. A laparotomy was performed, as the patient showed signs of intestinal obstruction, with a segmental resection of the ileal loop.

Clinical significance and impact of gastric non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter species in gastric disease.

Background: Gastric non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter (NHPH) species naturally associated with animals have been linked with gastric disease in human patients.

Aim: The prevalence and clinical significance of zoonotic gastric NHPHs was determined in large and well-defined, H. pylori-negative, gastric patient populations.

The impact of rifaximin on the hospital burden and infections in patients with hepatic encephalopathy: a retrospective observational study.

Background And Study Aims: Advanced liver disease frequently culminates in hepatic encephalopathy (HE), which can be classified as covert or overt HE, with subtle or clinically obvious changes respectively. 30-40% of patients with cirrhosis develop overt HE, which negatively affects the patients' quality of life. Next to lactulose, rifaximin-α has been prescribed as a second line therapy to treat and reduce the risk of recurrence of overt HE.

Esophageal carcinoma as a portal of entry for brainstem abscess formation.

Cerebral abscess formation is a serious and life-threatening clinical entity, secondary to contiguous spread, hematogenous dissemination or direct inoculation. We present the case of a 61-year-old woman with a recent diagnosis of a locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus who was diagnosed with a brainstem abscess. In literature we only found three cases reporting cerebral abscess formation in patients with esophageal carcinoma.

An atypical cause of right lower abdominal pain: amoebiasis, a family cluster.

In this case report we present a family cluster of amoebiasis in a nonendemic region. A 46-year-old women, diagnosed with Crohn's disease for which she received no maintenance therapy, was evaluated for the suspicion of a flare. At colonoscopy however, atypical findings for Crohn's disease were seen.

Fortnightly or fractionated weekly docetaxel-cisplatin-5-FU as first-line treatment in advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: The randomized phase II DoGE study.

Background: While docetaxel/cisplatin/5-fluorouracil (DCF) outperforms CF in first-line gastric adenocarcinoma, toxicity remains an issue.

Methods: This multicenter phase II trial randomized chemonaïve metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma patients to fractionated weekly DCF (D 40 mg/m , C 35 mg/m², F 1800 mg/m² over 24 h, on days 1 and 8 every 3 weeks, arm (1) or fortnightly DCF (D 50 mg/m , C 50 mg/m², F 2000 mg/m² over 48 h every 2 weeks, arm (2). Prophylactic granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) was not allowed.

Resolution of a hepatoduodenal fistula after nivolumab treatment in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma: challenges in immunotherapy.

Hepatocellular carcinoma is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, with limited treatment options for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Beyond standard systemic therapy with multikinase inhibitors, recent studies demonstrate the potential for a robust and durable response with immune checkpoint inhibition in subsets of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.We present a case of an 83-year-old male patient with the diagnosis of a multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma.

A plethora of manifestations following a infection: a case report.

infection can present with a plethora of symptoms and result in a systemic vasculitis by activating a cascade of autoimmune reactions. In this case report, a young man without relevant past medical history was admitted to the hospital with diarrhea, abdominal pain and spiking fever. A CT-scan showed terminal ileitis.

Bilateral Choroidal Metastases from Endobronchial Carcinoid Treated with Somatostatin Analogues.

Objective: To describe a patient with bilateral multifocal choroidal metastases from an endobronchial carcinoid treated with a somatostatin analogue.

Method: A 60-year-old woman presenting with photopsia in the left eye underwent an extensive ophthalmic examination, including fluorescein angiography, OCT and ultrasound.

Results: Fundoscopy revealed a small retinal tear in the left eye, for which she received laser treatment.

Adult intussusception: 10-year experience in two Belgian centres.

Background: adult intussusception is a rare entity with a different clinical presentation and aetiology than in children. Objective: To provide a comprehensive overview of the clinical presentation, aetiology, diagnosis and management of adult intussusception.

Methods: We review 43 cases with a preoperative diagnosis of symptomatic gastrointestinal adult intussusception.

Ischaemic necrosis of the tongue as a rare complication of cardiogenic shock.

Ischaemic necrosis of the tongue is an unusual clinical finding. In most cases it is associated with vasculitis, particularly giant cell arteritis (GCA). Other causes include profound cardiogenic shock.

Retrospective observational study on the incidence of incisional hernias after reversal of a temporary diverting ileostomy following rectal carcinoma resection with follow-up CT scans.

Background: Wounds resulting from the closure of temporary stomas have a high risk of developing an incisional hernia (IH) with incidences around 30% in studies designed to investigate this outcome. A temporary diverting ileostomy (TDI) is often used in patients after low anterior resection (LAR) for rectal cancer.

Methods: The OSTRICH study is a retrospective cohort study of rectal cancer patients who had a LAR with a reversed TDI and at least one CT scan during follow-up.

Intermittent adult ileocecal intussusception: a case report and review of literature.

We report the case of a 56-year-old male patient who was admitted to the emergency department with crescendo abdominal pain since 2 weeks. In the past 2 years, similar but less pronounced episodes were present, each time resolving spontaneously after spasmolytic drugs. Abdominal ultrasound revealed an ileocecal intussusception.

Cisplatin-modified de Gramont in second-line therapy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Objectives: In Belgium, combination chemotherapy of cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil + leucovorin (CFL) according to the modified de Gramont schedule is the treatment of choice in second line for metastatic pancreatic cancer. We retrospectively analyzed survival data in 2 Belgian centers in a nonselected population.

Methods: Between January 2004 and October 2011, 48 patients with histologically proven recurrent or unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma who had received CFL as second-line treatment were identified.

EcPV2 DNA in equine genital squamous cell carcinomas and normal genital mucosa.

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) represents the most common genital malignant tumor in horses. Similar to humans, papillomaviruses (PVs) have been proposed as etiological agents and recently Equine papillomavirus type 2 (EcPV2) has been identified in a subset of genital SCCs. The goals of this study were (1) to determine the prevalence of EcPV2 DNA in tissue samples from equine genital SCCs, penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) and penile papillomas, using EcPV2-specific PCR, (2) to examine the prevalence of latent EcPV2 infection in healthy genital mucosa and (3) to determine genetic variability within EcPV2 and to disentangle phylogenetic relationships of EcPV2 among PVs.

EcPV2 DNA in equine squamous cell carcinomas and normal genital and ocular mucosa.

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) represents the most common malignant tumour of the eye and external genitals in horses. Comparable to humans, papillomaviruses (PV) have been proposed as etiological agents of cancer in horses and recently, Equine papillomavirus type 2 (EcPV2) has been identified in genital SCCs. Hitherto it had never been demonstrated in ocular SCCs.

Evaluation of the Stratus CS fluorometer for the determination of plasma myoglobin.

Circulating myoglobin is recognized as an early and sensitive marker of acute coronary diseases. Long turnaround time of myoglobin assays jeopardize their clinical utility. We evaluated the analytical performance of the Stratus CS fluorometric enzyme immunoassay based on dendrimer technology, and claimed to achieve a fast and reliable determination of plasma myoglobin concentrations.

Chronic diarrhoea in non collagenous microscopic colitis: therapeutic effect of cholestyramine.

Chronic watery diarrhoea is the main symptom of the microscopic colitis syndrome, including collagenous colitis (CC), lymphocytic colitis (LC), and not otherwise specified (NOS) colitis. The goal of this study was to evaluate the anti-diarrhoeal effect of cholestyramine in non collagenous microscopic colitis. The records of 13 patients with LC and 7 patients with NOS, who had received cholestyramine as first line therapy and who responded to a questionnaire, were reviewed.

Serum gastrin levels and colorectal neoplasia.

Purpose: Confirmation of an association between elevated serum gastrin concentrations and presence of colorectal tumors would have important implications with regard to screening procedures and therapeutic strategies.

Methods: We compared fasting serum gastrin concentrations of patients with colorectal cancer (n = 91; mean age, 66 (range, 35-87) years), colorectal polyps (n = 89; mean age, 61 (range, 38-86) years), or a normal colonoscopy (n = 101; mean age, 62 (range, 34-82) years) in the period between 1983 and 1992.

Results: Median serum gastrin concentrations were, respectively, 20, 20, and 21 pmol/liter (not significant).