Combined Antibiotic and Photodynamic Therapies in : From Synergy to Antagonism.

Antibiotics remain the most effective option for combating infections. However, the situation has shifted from ideal to concerning, as bacterial resistance to antibiotics is increasing in both prevalence and strength. : This study explores the synergistic/antagonistic potential of combining antibiotic and photodynamic therapy (PDT) against .

Photodynamic therapy as a potential approach for preventing fungal spread associated with the use of endotracheal tubes.

Fungal infections related to biofilm formation on medical devices, such as endotracheal tubes (ETTs), pose significant health risks, especially during intubation procedures where fungi like Candida spp. can migrate into the lower respiratory tract. This study explores the use of Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) to prevent fungal cell migration from ETT surfaces to lungs, focusing on the role of curcumin as a photosensitizer.

Atomic Interaction S. aureus/Machined and Additive Manufacturing Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-35Nb-7Zr-5Ta Disks for Dental Implants.

The adhesion strength of a bacterial strain on a substrate influences colonization and biofilm development, so the biomolecular analysis of this interaction is a step that allows insights into the development of antifouling surfaces. As peri-implantitis is the main cause of failure of implant-supported oral rehabilitations and the dental literature presents gaps in the atomic bacteria/surface interaction, this study aimed to correlate the qualitative variation of roughness, wettability, chemical composition, and electrical potential of Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-35Nb-7Zr-5Ta (TNZT) disks obtained by machining (M) and additive manufacturing (AM) on the colonization and adhesion strength of S. aureus quantified by atomic force microscopy (AFM).

Development of a protocol for whole-lung lung perfusion-assisted photodynamic therapy using a porcine model.

Significance: Standard treatments for isolated lung metastases remain a clinical challenge. lung perfusion technique provides flexibility to overcome the limitations of photodynamic therapy (PDT) by replacing the blood with acellular perfusate, allowing greater light penetration.

Aim: Using Monte Carlo-based simulations, we will evaluate the abilities of a light delivery system to irradiate the lung homogenously.

Clinical and pre-clinical advances in the PDT/PTT strategy for diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) have demonstrated great potential to diagnose and combat localized cancers. As a matter of fact, these techniques are less invasive and have fewer side effects than traditional cancer treatments like surgery, chemotherapy or radiotherapy. This review summarizes the clinical progress in the theranostics (diagnosis and treatment) of various types of regional cancers using these two light stimuli techniques, PDT and PTT.

Optical imaging for screening and early cancer diagnosis in low-resource settings.

Low-cost optical imaging technologies have the potential to reduce inequalities in healthcare by improving the detection of pre-cancer or early cancer and enabling more effective and less invasive treatment. In this Review, we summarise technologies for in vivo widefield, multi-spectral, endoscopic, and high-resolution optical imaging that could offer affordable approaches to improve cancer screening and early detection at the point-of-care. Additionally, we discuss approaches to slide-free microscopy, including confocal imaging, lightsheet microscopy, and phase modulation techniques that can reduce the infrastructure and expertise needed for definitive cancer diagnosis.

Use of photodynamic therapy to combat recurrent pharyngotonsillitis: Three case reports.

Background: Pharyngotonsillitis (PT) is an inflammatory and infectious condition affecting the tonsils in the oropharynx, predominantly caused by a variety of viral, fungal, and bacterial pathogens, including Streptococcus pyogenes. With the increasing challenge of antibiotic resistance, alternative therapeutic approaches are needed.

Methods: This study explores the effectiveness and safety of Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) as a therapeutic approach for managing acute PT.

Enhancing the efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy through curcumin modifications.

Curcumin serves as a photosensitizer (PS) in the context of microbial inactivation when subjected to light exposure, to produce reactive oxygen species, which exhibit efficacy in eradicating microorganisms. This remarkable property underscores the growing potential of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in the ongoing fight against bacterial infections. Considering this, we investigate the efficacy of various in vitro curcumin formulations within a PDT protocol designed to target Staphylococcus aureus.

Universal scaling in far-from-equilibrium quantum systems: An equivalent differential approach.

Recent progress in out-of-equilibrium closed quantum systems has significantly advanced the understanding of mechanisms behind their evolution toward thermalization. Notably, the concept of nonthermal fixed points (NTFPs)-responsible for the emergence of spatiotemporal universal scaling in far-from-equilibrium systems-has played a crucial role in both theoretical and experimental investigations. In this work, we introduce a differential equation that has the universal scaling associated with NTFPs as a solution.

Long-term survival of cancer patients after photobiomodulation therapy for prevention and treatment of oral mucositis.

Background: Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has been employed for the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing treatment. However, information about the survival of patients receiving PBMT is still lacking. Therefore, the aim of this study was to correlate the survival of patients who either received or did not receive PBMT, combined with cancer treatments, and to assess whether the number of PBMT sessions had a positive impact on survival.

Microwave radiation and thermal effects on the bioenergetics of isolated mitochondria.

Aims: This study proposes to investigate the effects of microwave radiation and its thermal effects, compared to thermal effects alone, on the bioenergetics of mitochondria isolated from mouse liver.

Methods: The main parameters investigated in this study are mitochondrial respiration (coupled states: S3 and S4; uncoupled state), using a high-resolution respirometer, and swelling, using a spectrophotometer.

Results: Mitochondria irradiated at 2.

Femtosecond pulsed laser photodynamic therapy activates melanin and eradicates malignant melanoma.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) relies on a series of photophysical and photochemical reactions leading to cell death. While effective for various cancers, PDT has been less successful in treating pigmented melanoma due to high light absorption by melanin. Here, this limitation is addressed by 2-photon excitation of the photosensitizer (2p-PDT) using ~100 fs pulses of near-infrared laser light.

Photodynamic treatment of malignant melanoma with structured light: Monte Carlo modeling.

In this report, we propose a novel strategy for the photodynamic approach to the treatment of melanoma, aiming to mitigate the excessive absorption and consequent thermal effects. The cornerstone of this approach is an innovative structured illumination technique that optimizes light delivery to the tissue. The methodology of this study involves the development of an optical model of human skin with the presence of melanoma and an accurate simulation technique of photon transport within the complex turbid scattering medium.

Influence of temperature combined with photodynamic inactivation on the development of Aedes aegypti.

To reduce the speed of selection of populations resistant to chemical insecticides, photodynamic inactivation (PDI) against Aedes aegypti is a hot-topic and promising alternative technique to vector control. Temperature is an important factor in the survival of Ae. aegypti larvae and mosquitoes as it influences physiology, behavior, and ecology.

Hydrogen peroxide preoxidation as a strategy for enhanced antimicrobial photodynamic action against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Antimicrobial photodynamic treatment (aPDT) is a photooxidative process based on the excitation of a photosensitizer (PS) in the presence of molecular oxygen, under specific wavelengths of light. It is a promising method for advanced treatment of water and wastewater, particularly targeting disinfection challenges, such as antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB). Research in improved aPDT has been exploring new PS materials, and additives in general.

Ultrasonic scalpel associated with photodynamic therapy in the treatment of refractory vulvar condyloma acuminatum.

This is a case report of a patient with vulvar condyloma acuminatum associated with hyperkeratosis and folliculitis, which had been refractory to two previous therapies. The patient had been successfully treated using a combination of promising techniques: the ultrasonic scalpel and MAL photodynamic therapy.

Long-term follow-up results of a pilot study for nodular basal cell carcinoma with PDT using partial home treatment protocol.

Significance: Evaluate a photodynamic therapy (PDT) protocol for low-risk basal cell carcinoma (BCC) treatment that requires less time spent at the hospital and is less painful.

Approach: Eight BCCs were selected, debulked, and received 20 % methyl aminolevulinate cream. After 3 h, the first irradiation was performed at the hospital (20 min, 150 J/cm).