Cardiovascular responses to low-intensity isometric handgrip exercise in coronary artery disease: effects of posture.

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) lead to cardiovascular autonomic control disfunctions that can worsen exercise and/or posture adjustments.

Objectives: To verify the cardiovascular responses to low-intensity isometric handgrip exercise performed in different postures in CAD patients. This study tested the hypothesis that the posture influences the cardiovascular responses during isometric handgrip exercise and that the presence of CAD leads to greater cardiovascular stress during this type of exercise.

The additional impact of type 2 diabetes on baroreflex sensitivity of coronary artery disease patients might be undetectable in presence of deterioration of mechanical vascular properties.

Both deterioration of the mechanical vascular properties of barosensitive vessels and autonomic derangement lead to modification of baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) in coronary artery disease (CAD) individuals. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) reduces BRS as well even in absence of cardiac autonomic neuropathy. The aim of the study is to clarify whether, assigned the degree of mechanical vascular impairment and without cardiac autonomic neuropathy, the additional autonomic dysfunction imposed in CAD patients by T2D (CAD-T2D) decreases BRS further.

Interval training based on ventilatory anaerobic threshold increases cardiac vagal modulation and decreases high-sensitivity c-reative protein: randomized clinical trial in coronary artery disease.

Background: Autonomic dysfunction and inflammatory activity are involved in the development and progression of coronary artery disease (CAD), and exercise training has been shown to confer a cardiovascular benefit.

Objective: To evaluate the effects that interval training (IT) based on ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT) has on heart rate variability (HRV) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels, as well as the relationship between both levels, in patients with CAD and/or cardiovascular risk factors (RF).

Method: Forty-two men (aged 57.

Interval training based on ventilatory anaerobic threshold improves aerobic functional capacity and metabolic profile: a randomized controlled trial in coronary artery disease patients.

Background: Exercise training has been an essential component of cardiac rehabilitation. However, it is not known if interval training (IT) based on the ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT) could be effective in improving aerobic functional capacity and metabolic profile in patients without or with coronary artery disease (CAD).

Aim: To investigate the effects of an IT program, based-intensity between 70-110% of workload reached at the VAT, on the aerobic functional capacity and metabolic profile of patients with and without CAD.

Lack of Association Between ACE Indel Polymorphism and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Physically Active and Sedentary Young Women.

Background: Polymorphisms at the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene (ACE), such as the indel [rs1799752] variant in intron 16, have been shown to be associated with aerobic performance of athletes and non-athletes. However, the relationship between ACE indel polymorphism and cardiorespiratory fitness has not been always demonstrated.

Objectives: The relationship between ACE indel polymorphism and cardiorespiratory fitness was investigated in a sample of young Caucasian Brazilian women.

Association of estrogen receptor alpha gene polymorphisms with autonomic modulation of heart rate in users and nonusers of oral contraceptives.

Background: This study examined the association between estrogen receptor α gene (ESR1) polymorphisms and blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) and autonomic modulation of HR in a sample population.

Study Design: Two hundred thirty-two young healthy women were selected, and those using oral contraceptives (OC) were compared with nonusers (control group). Short-term HR variability (HRV) was evaluated in both the supine and sitting positions using temporal indices rMSSD [square root of the mean squared differences of successive R-R intervals (RRi) divided by the number of RRi minus one], SDNN (root mean square of differences from mean RRi, divided by the number of RRi) and frequency domain methods.

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing in the early-phase of myocardial infarction.

Objective: To evaluate and to compare the cardiorespiratory and metabolic variables at the ventilatory anaerobic threshold level (AT) and at submaximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) in both, healthy volunteers and in patients in the early phase after acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Method: Twenty-six volunteers underwent a submaximal or symptom-limited cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) on a cycle ergometer and were divided into AMI group (AMIG=12, 56.33±8.

The relationship between cardiac autonomic function and clinical and angiographic characteristics in patients with coronary artery disease.

Background: A reduction in heart rate variability (HRV) is considered an important indicator of autonomic dysfunction.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to evaluate the presence of autonomic dysfunction measured by HRV in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and to compare them with normal subjects.

Methods: A sample of 52 men (mean age 54±5.