Atypical chlamydoconidium-producing strains from Ceará State, Northeast Brazil: investigation of taxonomy by phylogenetic analysis and biofilm susceptibility.

Chlamydoconidium-producing strains isolated in Northeastern Brazil have morphological features different from the classic description of this dermatophyte species. This study investigated the phylogenetic relationship of chlamydoconidium-producing strains isolated in Northeastern Brazil. Also, the effect of terbinafine and farnesol on mature biofilms of strains was evaluated.

Biofilm formation on cat claws by Sporothrix species: An ex vivo model.

This work aimed to evaluate the ability of Sporothrix species to attach and form biofilm on the surface of cat claws as an ex vivo model. A total of 14 strains (5 Sporothrix brasiliensis, 3 Sporothrix schenckii s. str.

Exogenous fungal quorum sensing molecules inhibit planktonic cell growth and modulate filamentation and biofilm formation in the complex.

This study investigated the effect of the quorum sensing molecules (QSMs) farnesol, 2-phenylehtanol, tyrosol and tryptophol against planktonic cells, filamentation and biofilms of spp. The antifungal activity of QSMs was evaluated by broth microdilution. QSMs showed MICs in the ranges of 0.

Diclofenac exhibits synergism with azoles against planktonic cells and biofilms of .

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of diclofenac on minimum inhibitory concentrations of antifungals against planktonic cells and biofilms of . Susceptibility testing of planktonic cells was evaluated using the broth microdilution assay and checkerboard method. Biofilm formation by in the presence of diclofenac, alone or in combination with antifungals, was also evaluated, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) and confocal microscope (CLSM) analyses were performed.

Darunavir inhibits / species complex growth and increases the susceptibility of biofilms to antifungal drugs.

species are pathogens commonly associated with cases of meningoencephalitis in individuals who are immunosuppressed due to AIDS. The aim was to evaluate the effects of the antiretroviral darunavir alone or associated with fluconazole, 5-flucytosine and amphotericin B against planktonic cells and biofilms of species. Susceptibility testing of darunavir and the common antifungals against 12 members of the / species complex was evaluated by broth microdilution.

inhibitory effect of statins on planktonic cells and biofilms of the species complex.

Sporotrichosis, caused by species of the complex, is the most prevalent subcutaneous mycosis in many areas of Latin America. Statins are a class of drugs widely used for lowering high sterol levels through their action on 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase, a key enzyme in the synthesis of sterol. In this study, the antifungal activity of statins (simvastatin, atorvastatin, pravastatin) against planktonic cells and biofilms of complex species was evaluated, as well as the interaction of pravastatin with classical antifungals (amphotericin B, itraconazole, terbinafine).

The yeast, the antifungal, and the wardrobe: a journey into antifungal resistance mechanisms of .

is a prominent non- species involved in cases of candidemia, mainly causing infections in patients in intensive care units and (or) those presenting neutropenia. In recent years, several studies have reported an increase in the recovery rates of azole-resistant isolates. Understanding resistance is of great importance, since resistant strains are implicated in persistent or recurrent and breakthrough infections.

Antifungal activity of promethazine and chlorpromazine against planktonic cells and biofilms of Cryptococcus neoformans/Cryptococcus gattii complex species.

Cryptococcus neoformans/Cryptococcus gattii are fungal pathogens that affect the central nervous system, mainly in immunocompromised individuals. Due to the limited pharmacological arsenal available for the treatment of cryptococcosis associated with cases of antifungal resistance of Cryptococcus spp. reported in some studies, the search for new compounds with antifungal potential becomes relevant.

Cefepime and Amoxicillin Increase Metabolism and Enhance Caspofungin Tolerance of Biofilms.

It is well known that prolonged antibiotic therapy alters the mucosal microbiota composition, increasing the risk of invasive fungal infection (IFI) in immunocompromised patients. The present study investigated the direct effect of β-lactam antibiotics cefepime (CEF) and amoxicillin (AMOX) on biofilm production by ATCC 10231. Antibacterials at the peak plasmatic concentration of each drug were tested against biofilms grown on polystyrene surfaces.

biofilm-forming ability of dermatophytes using dog and cat hair: an ethically viable approach for an infection model.

The aim of this study was to establish an model for dermatophyte biofilm growth, using hair from dogs and cats. Strains of , , and were assessed for and biofilm production. All .

Sodium butyrate inhibits planktonic cells and biofilms of Trichosporon spp.

Trichosporon spp. have been increasingly recognized as an important pathogen of invasive and disseminated infections in immunocompromised patients. These species are prone to form biofilms in medical devices such as catheters and prosthesis, which are associated with antifungal resistance and therapeutic failure.

In vitro and in vivo leishmanicidal activity of a ruthenium nitrosyl complex against Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis.

Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania. There are many complications presented by the current treatment, as high toxicity, high cost and parasite resistance, making the development of new therapeutic agents indispensable. The present study aims to evaluate the leishmanicidal potential of ruthenium nitrosyl complex cis-[Ru(bpy)(SO)(NO)](PF) against Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis.

Potassium iodide and miltefosine inhibit biofilms of Sporothrix schenckii species complex in yeast and filamentous forms.

This study aimed to evaluate the yeast biofilm growth kinetics and ultrastructure of Sporothrix schenckii complex and assess their mature biofilm susceptibility in filamentous and yeast forms to potassium iodide (KI) and miltefosine (MIL). Yeast biofilms were evaluated by crystal violet staining, XTT reduction assay and microscopic techniques. Susceptibility of planktonic and sessile cells was analyzed by broth microdilution.

Inhibitory effect of a lipopeptide biosurfactant produced by Bacillus subtilis on planktonic and sessile cells of Trichosporon spp.

The present study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of a bacterial biosurfactant (TIM96) on clinical strains of Trichosporon. Additionally, the effect of TIM96 on the ergosterol content, cell membrane integrity, and the hydrophobicity of planktonic cells was assessed. The inhibitory activity of TIM96 against Trichosporon biofilms was evaluated by analyzing metabolic activity, biomass and morphology.

In vitro effects of promethazine on cell morphology and structure and mitochondrial activity of azole-resistant Candida tropicalis.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of promethazine on the antifungal minimum inhibitory concentrations against planktonic cells and mature biofilms of Candida tropicalis, as well as investigate its potential mechanisms of cell damage against this yeast species. Three C. tropicalis isolates (two azole-resistant and one azole-susceptible) were evaluated for their planktonic and biofilm susceptibility to promethazine alone and in combination with itraconazole, fluconazole, voriconazole, amphotericin B, and caspofungin.

Candida parapsilosis complex in veterinary practice: A historical overview, biology, virulence attributes and antifungal susceptibility traits.

The Candida genus is composed by yeast that commensally live as part of human and animal microbiota. In the last years, C. parapsilosis complex, composed by the cryptic species C.

Research advances on the multiple uses of Moringa oleifera: A sustainable alternative for socially neglected population.

Moringa oleifera Lam (Moringaceae) is a plant with high nutritional and medicinal value. Native to India, it is now widely distributed throughout tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Its different parts are sources of proteins, vitamins and minerals and present different pharmacological and biotechnological potential.

Quantitative and structural analyses of the in vitro and ex vivo biofilm-forming ability of dermatophytes.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro and ex vivo biofilm-forming ability of dermatophytes on a nail fragment.

Methodology: Initially, four isolates of Trichophyton rubrum, six of Trichophyton tonsurans, three of Trichophyton mentagrophytes, ten of Microsporum canis and three of Microsporum gypseum were tested for production biomass by crystal violet assay. Then, one strain per species presenting the best biofilm production was chosen for further studies by optical microscopy (Congo red staining), confocal laser scanning (LIVE/DEAD staining) and scanning electron (secondary electron) microscopy.

Antifungal susceptibility of Sporothrix schenckii complex biofilms.

Sporotrichosis, caused by species of Sporothrix schenckii complex, is the most prevalent subcutaneous mycosis in many areas of Latin America. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of Sporothrix spp. to form biofilms in vitro and to characterize the growth kinetics, morphology, and antifungal susceptibility of biofilms against classical antifungals.

Candida tropicalis from veterinary and human sources shows similar in vitro hemolytic activity, antifungal biofilm susceptibility and pathogenesis against Caenorhabditis elegans.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro hemolytic activity and biofilm antifungal susceptibility of veterinary and human Candida tropicalis strains, as well as their pathogenesis against Caenorhabditis elegans. Twenty veterinary isolates and 20 human clinical isolates of C. tropicalis were used.