Modifications of the articular eminence inclination in association with the loss of occlusal support in the molar area. A cone-beam computed tomography study.

The articular eminence (AE) is part of the temporal component of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The inclination of the AE (AEI) has an important role in TMJ biodynamics, influencing the path of movement of the disc-condyle complex. Although AEI values might change due to tooth loss, little is known about what effect could have the loss of occlusal support in the molar area on AE morphology.

Dental Caries in the First Permanent Molar during the Mixed Dentition Stage.

The early eruption of the first permanent molar (FPM) favors its exposure to the risk factors for dental caries specific to the mixed dentition stage of dental development. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and distribution pattern of FPM dental caries and of the consequences of this pathology - caries with pulp involvement in the FPM and missing FPM (FPM extraction) in a sample of Romanian children during the mixed dentition stage. To evaluate the effect of asanas in Yoga on the IOP of practicing individuals.

A clinical and statistical study on enamel hypomineralization of the first permanent molar in the period of mixed dentition.

Background: The first permanent molar (FPM) is the first tooth in the permanent dentition that emerges in the oral cavity, at around the age of six and behind the deciduous teeth, thus converting the primary dentition into a mixed dentition. Its early formation represents a risk factor for the onset of hard dental tissues disorders, the most common being the molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH).

Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the hypomineralization type of developmental defects of enamel at FPM level during the mixed dentition stage, in a group of Romanian children.

Salvage Surgery for Small-Cell Lung Cancer-A Literature Review.

(1) Background: Salvation surgery for small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is exceptionally performed, and only a few cases are published. (2) Methods: There are 6 publications that present 17 cases of salvation surgery for SCLC-the salvation surgery was performed in the context of modern clearly established protocols for SCLC and after including SCLC in the TNM (tumor, node, metastasis) staging in 2010. (3) Results: After a median follow-up of 29 months, the estimated overall survival (OS) was 86 months.

Morphometric study for the localization of the mental foramen in relation to the vertical reference plane.

Background: The mental foramen (MnF) is the anatomic landmark where the mental neurovascular bundle exits the mandible. Precisely determining the position of the MnF is necessary before all dentoalveolar therapeutic procedures performed in the mandibular premolar area.

Materials And Methods: For the study, we performed two ex vivo direct morphometric determinations on dry human dentate and edentate mandibles, and two in vivo imaging morphometric determinations through cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and orthopantomography (OPG) in dentate human patients.

Degenerative bony changes in the temporal component of the temporomandibular joint - review of the literature.

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) changes are quite frequent in adults, but not all changes are degenerative. A high prevalence of bone alterations in the TMJs was reported by different research groups. Disturbed remodeling of bony articulating structures occurs because of overloading masticatory forces or because the mechanical loading in the area out-weighs the adaptive capacity of the TMJ structures.

Bifid mandibular canal - a case report.

One of the most common anatomical variations of the mandibular canal is the bifid mandibular canal (BMC), more frequently unilateral and rarely bilateral, often located at the level of the posterior mandible; according to literature, this anatomical variation presents several morphological types. The presence of the BMC must be considered prior to anesthesia and surgery performed on the ramus of the mandible (osteotomies) and on the posterior mandible (dentoalveolar surgery procedures). This study presents a clinical case of unilateral BMC on the left side, the buccolingual type, lingual variant, a rare anatomical variation illustrated radiographically in a 27-year-old male adult.

Morphometric study for determining the anteroposterior position of the mental foramen in dentate human subjects.

Background: The mental foramen (MnF) is the place where the mental nerve and mental artery exit the body of the mandible, being an important landmark for dentoalveolar surgery.

Materials And Methods: For the assessment of MnF topography, we performed a direct morphometric study and two morphometric imaging studies through cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans and orthopantomography (OPG). The following locations of the MnF were investigated: anterior to the first premolar, at the first premolar level, between the two premolars, at the second premolar level, between the second premolar and the 6-year molar, and at the level of the mesial root of the 6-year molar.

Factors influencing the articular eminence of the temporomandibular joint (Review).

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ), the most complex and evolved joint in humans, presents two articular surfaces: the condyle of the mandible and the articular eminence (AE) of the temporal bone. AE is the anterior root of the zygomatic process of the temporal bone and has an anterior and a posterior slope, the latter being also known as the articular surface. AE is utterly important in the biomechanics of the TMJ, as the mandibular condyle slides along the posterior slope of the AE while the mandible moves.

Direct and imaging morphometry for the localization of the mandibular foramen (MF) in dentate and edentulous human subjects.

Background: The mandibular foramen (MF) is the anatomic landmark where the interior alveolar nerve enters the mandibular ramus, and the area of choice where anesthesia of this nerve is performed. The position of the MF can vary, and accurately establishing its location and topographic variations is of great importance for the successful anesthesia of the inferior alveolar nerve.

Materials And Methods: We carried out two morphometric ex vivo studies concerning the topography of the MF, on dry human mandibles coming from dentate and completely edentulous human subjects of known age and gender and an in vivo morphometric study, through cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans, concerning the topography of the MF in human subjects having Kennedy Class I mandibular edentulism.

A rare tumor in a rare location: giant cell tumor of the sacrum and ilium - case report and current perspectives.

Giant cell tumor (GCT) is considered a locally aggressive, intermediate grade benign bone neoplasm. In rare cases, GCT undergoes malignant degeneration or may cause distant metastasis, mainly in the pulmonary area. Most bone GCTs are situated in the epiphysis or metaphysis of long bones, while GCTs of the pelvis are quite rare.

Morphological assessment of the mandibular canal trajectory in edentate subjects.

Background: The mandibular canal and its content represent the vital structure, which can complicate dentoalveolar surgical procedures in the posterior region of the mandible. The purpose of the present study was to determine the path the mandibular canal takes in relation to the horizontal and the vertical anatomical reference planes in edentate subjects, in order to minimize the risk of affecting its neurovascular content during various oral surgery procedures.

Materials And Methods: Morphometric evaluations were performed on 12 dried fully edentulous human mandibles and on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) cross-sectional images of the mandible, from 20 patients with either partial or complete edentulism.

Morphological assessment of the mandibular canal trajectory in dentate subjects.

Background: The mandibular canal is the most important vital structure within the mandibular body. The aim of the present study was to determine the course of mandibular canal in relation to external surfaces of the mandible (buccal, lingual) and to root apices of the lateral teeth, in order to minimize the risk of its content being injured during either conservative or radical treatment of the mandibular lateral teeth.

Materials And Methods: Morphometric evaluations were performed on 11 dried dentate human mandibles and on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) cross-sectional images of the mandible, from 18 dentate patients.

Histopathological changes of renal tissue following sodium fluoride administration in two consecutive generations of mice. Correlation with the urinary elimination of fluoride.

The present study was designed to investigate the toxic effects (evaluated as histopathological changes) of sodium fluoride on the kidney in two consecutive generations of NMRI mice. An attempt to correlate the toxicity with the urinary elimination of fluoride has been made, as urinary fluoride excretion has been widely used as an indicator of fluoride intake and exposure. Six mixed (males and females) animal groups have been constituted by dividing the populations of mice derived from pregnant females (named "mothers" 0.

A rare morphological variant of the first maxillary premolar: a case report.

Anatomical variations of the dental root morphology may lead to endodontic treatment failure. Knowledge of root morphology and possible anatomical variations may ensure proper endodontic treatment and long-term success. The present study describes the case of a three-rooted maxillary right first premolar with two buccal roots and one palatal root, each of them having one canal, diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis.

Indirect pulp capping in young patients: immunohistological study of pulp-dentin complex.

Indirect capping is a complex therapy exclusively needed in deep cavities that provides, using biomaterials, a disinfection of the dentinary sore and seals the dentinary tubules, protects the pulp of physical mechanisms and chemical agents and stimulates the mechanisms that produce new dentin. Following this idea, we studied the histological changes in the dental pulp tissue and also the specific immunohistochemical response in various structures when an indirect capping technique was used. We used special histological techniques followed by classical staining or by immunohistochemical reaction in order to assess the odontoblastic, and the vascular reaction.

Anatomical and clinical considerations regarding the greater palatine foramen.

Objective: In this study, we mapped the topography of the greater palatine foramen (GPF), within the South-Eastern European population, according to clinically identifiable anatomical landmarks.

Materials And Methods: We used 100 dry adult human skulls, of which 75 were bilaterally dentate, whereas 25 were partially edentulous.

Results: The shape of the GPF was oval in 84% of the cases.

Microscopic aspects of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Despite various great scientific and financial efforts, head and neck carcinomas represent a public health problem, being the eighth cause of cancer death worldwidely. The rate of tumor growth, its local expansion, as well as the metastasis of cancerous cells depend on the tumor vascularization, on the ability of blood vessels to provide a constant supply of nourishing substances and oxygen and to eliminate the residual products resulted from tumor growth. That is why angiogenesis and lymphogenesis are considered to be essential processes within the neoplastic process.

Combined mucosal and alveolar fenestration: a clinical report and literature review.

Background: This study reports the case of a 14-year-old girl in good state of health who presented with the apical third of the buccal root of the first upper right premolar that penetrated the alveolar buccal plate and overlying mucosa, being exposed to the oral environment. The treatment rationale is presented and compared with other therapeutic options described in the literature.

Methods: Endodontic treatment and root end resection in association with a guided tissue regeneration protocol were recommended to preserve the tooth.

A radiographic study regarding post retained restorations.

Unlabelled: The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of intraradicular retention and the prevalence of different types of posts used for the restoration of endodontically treated teeth, in clinical practice.

Materials And Methods: The study was performed on 94 digital panoramic radiographies that allowed a comprehensive appreciation. Root canal fillings and the posts were identified on these radiographies and their correctness and quality were assessed by measurements according to the data provided by the specialized literature references.

A rare variant of internal anatomy of a third mandibular molar: a case report.

The several anatomical variations existing in the root canal system may contribute to failure of the root canal therapy. Knowledge of the internal dental morphology is a complex and extremely important point for planning and performing endodontic therapy. This paper reports the case of a left mandibular third molar that presented only one dental conical root and only one aberrant radicular canal with an initial annular portion situated in the coronar third of the root and a linear portion at the level of the other two thirds of the dental root, which opened through an apical foramen.

Cone beam computed tomography as a method of quantitative and qualitative analysis of alveolar crest in the frontal mandibular area.

Unlabelled: New radiographic maxillofacial techniques, cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) are a necessity in the assessment of jaw bone offer to effectively evaluate the treatment.

Aim: To quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate anterior mandibular area on CBCT comparing to orthopantomography (OPG).

Material And Methods: Fifty-one dental patients, aged between 20 and 77 years, were quantitatively analyzed and 81 dental patients, aged between 20 and 79 years, were qualitatively analyzed.

Assessment of sagittal and vertical skeletal patterns in Romanian patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

Objective: To establish the sagittal and vertical skeletal pattern of the Romanian patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Patients And Methods: Lateral cephalograms of forty patients, divided in two groups, group I--twenty patients with OSA (15 males and five females) and aged between 34-76 years and group II (control group)--twenty patients with class II malocclusion (eight males and 12 females), aged between 22-40 years, were analyzed for linear and angular skeletal parameters.

Results: For group I--most often, the mandible was in posterior position, the mean value for SNB angle being 76.

Alveolar bone dehiscences and fenestrations: an anatomical study and review.

Aim: To determine the prevalence and distribution of fenestrations and dehiscences of the jaw bones among the Caucasian population, to find if any correlations can be established between their occurrence and certain teeth characteristics and to discuss the clinical implications the defects of alveolar process could have.

Material And Methods: 138 skulls of specimens ranging from 21 to 54 years of age, having either complete dentition or reduced number of missing teeth were studied. Teeth found to have one of the two defects were examined for signs of faceting (attrition) that was considered an indicative for excessive occlusal forces and were submitted (except for the case of the third molars) to an analysis concerning their bucco-lingual inclination in the jaw.

[Oral appliances in the treatment of respiratory disturbances in sleep--from goals to outcomes].

Purpose: To synthetically present the current state of knowledge regarding the use of oral devices for the treatment of sleep breathing disorders, according to the data provided by the specialised literature references.

Material And Methods: A MEDLINE search was performed, alongside with a hand search of periodicals in the field.

Results: 172 articles were identified, out of which 86 for pneumologists, 7 for otorhinolaryngologists and 79 for dentists.