White blood cells in a healthy adolescent population according to social and health characteristics.

Background: The immune system constitutes a sensory system both for heritable and non-heritable factors. Among the latter, social and environmental determinants of health may influence and shape the immune system in early life. To study the relationship between leukocytes and determinants of health in adolescence, we assessed total and differential white blood cells (WBC) according to social and environmental determinants of health in a healthy adolescent population.

How the metabolic phenotype in adulthood is affected by long-lasting immunological trajectories since adolescence.

A close relationship between immune and metabolic systems has been perceived in the recent past. We aimed to assess whether the immunological trajectories of circulating white blood cells (WBC) started in adolescence, affects the metabolic phenotype in adulthood. We used data from 1183 participants of the population-based EPITeen cohort, evaluated at 13, 17, 21, 24 and 27 years of age.

Immunological Trajectories of White Blood Cells from Adolescence to Adulthood: Description and Determinants.

Background: The immune system gradually matures early in life in the face of internal and external stimuli. Whether the immune responses are lasting and stable during the course of life is still unclear.

Methods: As part of the EPITeen cohort, 1183 adolescents were prospectively evaluated at the ages of 13, 17, 21, 24 and 27.

The effect of impact exercise on bone mineral density: A longitudinal study on non-athlete adolescents.

Purpose: High impact exercise is known to induce osteogenic effects in the skeleton. However, less is known about the systemic effect of exercise practice in a potential adaptive mechanism of the skeletal accrual. This research aimed to assess the effect of impact exercise on bone mineral density (BMD) in the radius throughout adolescence.

Metabolically healthy overweight in young adulthood: is it a matter of duration and degree of overweight?

Background And Aim: Given the controversy regarding metabolically healthy obesity, we studied the association between duration and degree of body mass index (BMI) from adolescence to early adulthood and metabolic status of both overweight/obese and under/normal weight subjects.

Methods And Results: Participants of the EPITeen cohort were evaluated at 13, 17, 21 and 24 years (n = 1040). Duration and degree of BMI in the 11-year period was summarized through the area under the curve of BMI (BMI).

Association of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration with Pulmonary Function in Young Adults.

The role of vitamin D on pulmonary function is unclear and is mostly studied in patients, smokers and elderly people. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration and pulmonary function in young adults. Cross-sectional analysis of 499 individuals that were evaluated at 21 years of age as part of the population-based cohort Epidemiological Health Investigation of Teenagers in Porto (EPITeen).